Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Since the noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) was introduced in 2016, most retrospective studies have included cases diagnosed as EFVPTC. We investigate a cohort diagnosed with NIFTP at resection. METHODS: Retrospective, institutional cohort of NIFTP from 2016-2022, including clinical, cytologic and molecular data for 319 cases (6.6% of thyroid surgeries, 183 cases as NIFTP-only). RESULTS: The patient cohort had unifocal or multifocal thyroid nodules...

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BACKGROUND While the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinomas with tall cell features (PTCtcf) is often made for carcinomas with histologic features intermediate between classic and tall cell subtypes of PTC (tcPTC), its comparative signature to that of either tcPTC or classic PTC is less clear. The objective of this study was to perform an integrative clinicopathologic and genomic analysis elucidating the spectrum of tcPTC, PTCtcf and classic PTC. METHODS We analyzed all consecutive patients with tcPTC and PTCtcf evaluated at a tertiary academic referral center between 2005-2020, as well as a comparative cohort of classic PTC, in a retrospective observational cohort analysis...

Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) represent the most common autoimmune diseases. However, current therapies focus on relieving the symptoms instead of curing AITD, and new therapies to reverse the autoimmune attack on the thyroid are needed. HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 is the key HLA class II allele that triggers AITD by presenting pathogenic thyroglobulin (Tg) peptides that activate thyroid self-reactive T cells. We hypothesized that blocking the presentation of Tg peptides to T cells within the HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 peptide binding cleft could reverse the autoimmune response to the thyroid in AITD...

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BACKGROUND: BRAF V600E and K/N/H RAS mutations and oncogenic kinase fusions involving NTRK, RET, ALK and ROS1 have been identified as actionable targets in thyroid cancer. These driver alterations lead to onocogene addiction which has been successfully exploited through tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Acquired resistance may develop following an initial response requiring a therapeutic pivot to new therapies. SUMMARY: Several pathways for development of acquired resistance have been identified...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between isolated hypothyroxinemia (IH) in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes is controversial, with no consensus on the need for treatment. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis examining adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with isolated hypothyroxinemia (IH) in pregnancy. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for publications from inception to December 2022...

BACKGROUND: Fetal overgrowth (large for gestational age, LGA), is associated with an increased risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and adverse health outcomes. Thyroid hormones are key regulators of metabolism during pregnancy and fetal development. Lower maternal free thyroxine (FT4) and higher maternal triglyceride (TG) levels during early pregnancy are associated with higher birth weight. We aimed to examine the mediating role of maternal TG in the association between maternal FT4 and birth weight...

BACKGROUND: Thyroid carcinoma > 4 cm in size is staged as T3a. The current American Thyroid Association guidelines recommend subtotal/total thyroidectomy and consideration for post-operative radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment for these tumors. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to explore the clinical course of large encapsulated thyroid carcinoma without other risk factors. METHODS: 88 patients with large (>4 cm) encapsulated well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma resected between 1995 to 2021 were included in this retrospective cohort study...

BACKGROUND: Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormone (TH), but its natural availability is limited. Dehalogenase1 (Dehal1) recycles iodine from mono- and di-iodotyrosines (MIT, DIT) to sustain TH synthesis when iodine supplies are scarce, but its role in the dynamics of storage and conservation of iodine is unknown. METHODS: Dehal1 knockout mice (Dehal1KO) were generated by gene-trapping and the timing of expression and distribution was investigated by X-Gal staining and immunofluorescence using recombinant Dehal1-Betagalactosidase protein produced in fetuses and adult mice...

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BACKGROUND: Sonographic evaluation is fundamental to thyroid nodule assessment. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) ultrasound risk stratification system (USRSS) is widely used, but the appearance of some nodules has been considered non-classifiable (NC-ATA). The risk of malignancy (RoM) of NC-ATA nodules varies widely between studies, leading to uncertainty in clinical management. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the prevalence and malignancy risk of NC-ATA nodules...

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BACKGROUND: Premature infants are at higher risk of developing congenital hypothyroidism (CH) but the neonatal screening strategy for this population is still debatable. The purpose of this retrospective study is to describe the results of a screening program for CH in a preterm infant cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All preterm newborns who underwent neonatal screening in the Italian region of Piedmont in the period January 2019 - December 2021, were included in this retrospective cohort study...

BACKGROUND: For cytologically benign thyroid nodules with very low to intermediate suspicion ultrasound patterns, optimal ultrasound follow-up intervals and outcomes of discontinuing follow-up are unclear. METHODS: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central were searched through August 2022 for studies comparing different ultrasound follow-up intervals and discontinuation versus continuation of ultrasound follow-up. The population was patients with cytologically benign thyroid nodules and very low to intermediate suspicion ultrasound patterns and the primary outcome was missed thyroid cancers...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer in Mainland China has increased rapidly in recent years, yet the number of studies focusing on health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) is still limited. Additionally, some of the QOL issues specific to thyroid cancer have not been adequately described. The aim of this study was to assess the generic and disease-specific HR-QOL of differentiated thyroid cancer survivors and to identify the associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey including 373 patients was conducted in Mainland China...

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