Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

Branchial cleft cysts are congenital epithelial cysts, which arise on the lateral part of the neck. They may not present clinically until later in life. Surgical excision is a definitive treatment for branchial cleft cysts. This article presents the clinical report where the big inflamed cysts were excised under local anesthesia. It also presents guidelines for minimally invasive surgery under local anesthesia, which can be used in adequately selected cases.

Multiple primary cavernous hemangiomas of the skull are exceedingly rare, with surgery often being the treatment of choice. The complexity of radiologic diagnosis means that the identification of these hemangiomas still largely depends on pathologic analysis. This article outlines the diagnostic and therapeutic journey of a 52-year-old female patient afflicted with multiple primary cavernous hemangiomas of the skull. Although the occurrence of multiple cavernous hemangiomas in this patient may seem fortuitous, the authors aim to contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of such conditions through this case report...

Challenges such as difficult wound healing, ischemic necrosis of skin flaps, and skin aging are prevalent in plastic surgery. Previous research has indeed suggested that these challenges in plastic surgery are often linked to cellular energy barriers. As the powerhouses of the cell, mitochondria play a critical role in sustaining cellular vitality and health. Fundamentally, issues like ischemic and hypoxic damage to organs and tissues, as well as aging, stem from mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to a depletion of cellular energy...

Intracranial hypertension is considered a common and severe complication of cryptococcal meningitis (CM), contributing to early mortality and neurological sequelae. Timely and effective control of elevated intracranial pressure is crucial for the management of CM. Herein, the authors present a case of ventricular abdominal wall drainage for CM accompanied with acute intracranial hypertension. Notably, the patient has a history of taking immunosuppressants for thoracic and abdominal diffuse lymphangiomatosis...

INTRODUCTION: Individuals with cleft lip and palate often face persistent challenges related to speech and hearing disorders, impacting various aspects of their lives. These challenges can lead to additional mental health issues such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and depression, as well as heightened psychosocial challenges, including appearance-related issues, bullying, workplace discrimination, and impaired social interactions. Children and adolescents with these disorders commonly experience loneliness, peer rejection, and challenges in forming friendships, particularly during adolescence, while voice disorders can diminish the quality of life in older individuals...

The zygomaticomaxillary complex is integral to facial aesthetics and is frequently involved in facial fractures. These injuries often necessitate surgical intervention, with open reduction and internal fixation being the standard treatment. This article presents a novel philosophy for managing zygomatic fractures, emphasizing the "Scarless Surgery" technique. The authors' approach prioritizes minimal osteosynthesis material and fixation points while utilizing the least visible surgical access. For isolated zygomatic arch fractures, an intraoral technique is preferred, whereas the frontozygomatic suture is approached through an upper eyelid crease for optimal aesthetic outcomes...

Large metacarpal and phalangeal bone defects are a hot topic for orthopedic surgeons due to its high clinical incidence, disability rate, and postsurgical amputation rate, along with its difficult treatment, long treatment course, high cost, and poor effect, all of which have a negative impact on the appearance and function of the patient's hands. There are currently a variety of treatment options for large metacarpal and phalangeal bone defects, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. However, there is no treatment method capable of perfectly resolving all the problems of patients with these defects...

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of nasal septal complex reconstructing the medial orbital wall under some specific circumstances. The authors performed a study that included 10 patients who underwent isolated medial orbital wall fracture (blow-out fracture). All the reconstruction surgery of the patient included in this study fixed defect of medial orbital wall using autologous nasal septal complex (composed of nasal septal cartilage and perpendicular plate of ethmoid). The authors observed postoperative improvements of diplopia or ocular motility disorders of the affected orbit...

Genioplasty is frequently performed in facial feminization surgery, typically aiming to reduce chin height and projection for more feminine appearance. Quantification of the bony changes occurring during surgery have to date not been published. This study presents a method for segmentation of the chin using CT imaging to quantify changes to the chin after feminization genioplasty. CT scans of 21 patients before and after feminization genioplasty were segmented in Mimics to isolate the chin region. Surface area, volume, vertical chin projection, and horizontal chin projection were measured before and after surgery...

Cleft lip nose deformities are characterized by underlying features in the bony skeleton as well as the soft tissues; however, no previous study has focused on the evaluation of the nasal bone. The aim of this study was to compare nasal bone features among adult patients with unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate, those with bilateral cleft lip and palate, and controls. Included in this retrospective study were patients aged ≥16 years with nonsyndromic cleft who underwent long-term orthodontic treatment and controls aged 18-45 years who underwent surgery for jaw deformities at Keio University Hospital...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate and assess the clinical data of 123 patients diagnosed with congenital branchial cleft anomalies (CBCAs), to summarize pivotal aspects concerning their clinical diagnosis and treatment process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 123 patients who underwent surgical intervention for CBCAs at our institution between August 2005 and September 2021. The clinical demographic characteristics of the patients, primary symptoms, treatment chronology, preoperative diagnostic assessments, surgical strategies, occurrences of postoperative complications, and rates of recurrence were subjected to statistical analysis...

The patient was a 71-year-old male with hypopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent right-sided neck dissection for lymph node metastasis, adjuvant radiotherapy (70 Gy), and cisplatin chemotherapy, he developed neck inflammation with evidence of free air on computed tomography and subcutaneous fistula formation on laryngoscopy. After total laryngectomy, bilateral neck vessels were obscured by scar tissue secondary to radiotherapy and chronic inflammation. Pedicled pectoralis major (PM) flap was favored for reconstruction...

Severe maxillary atrophy and edentulism can pose a range of challenges in implant planning and oral rehabilitation. Modern dentistry has allowed for a review of the concepts and surgical protocols of subperiosteal implants, presenting them as a solution for the rehabilitation of atrophic maxillary and mandibular bone deficiencies. This study aims to address a series of 3 patients with severe maxillary atrophy, as evidenced by presurgical and postsurgical radiographic images, as well as computer-assisted planning and analysis of patient anatomy for rehabilitation with custom sintered subperiosteal implants...

Facial feminization surgery (FFS) can be an important part of an individual's transition; however, outcomes have not been well explored in the literature. This study aims to elucidate trends in FFS with a focus on drivers of secondary FFS to further improve care for TGNB patients. A manual chart review was conducted on patients from a single institution from 2012 to 2023 with a diagnosis of transsexualism (F64) who had undergone one or more surgeries associated with any 1 or more of 95 CPT codes related to gender-affirming surgery...

Patients with cleft palate experience early feeding difficulties, resulting in increased hospital utilization due to poor nutritional status. Sociodemographic factors may impact access and outcomes for cleft patients. This study investigates the association of social vulnerability, race, and urbanicity on birth encounter metrics and failure to thrive (FTT) rates for patients with cleft palate. Retrospective data from 2013 to 2023 was queried from Cosmos, a national deidentified database from Epic electronic health record...

Developments in technology have created great changes in the field of medicine and dentistry. Artificial intelligence technology is one of the most important innovations that caused this change. This study aimed to evaluate the opinions of dentistry students regarding the use of artificial intelligence in dentistry and craniomaxillofacial surgery. Two hundred ninety-six dentistry students between the ages of 19 and 30 participated in the study. Participants submitted the survey by e-mail examining the student's opinions and attitudes regarding the use of artificial intelligence in dentistry and craniomaxillofacial surgery...

BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate strategies for reducing early relapse following mandibular distraction osteotomy (MDO) in craniofacial microsomia (CFM) patients. METHODS: Forty CFM patients were divided into 2 groups: 20 underwent MDO alone, while 20 received MDO combined with orthodontic treatment (MDO-O). Preoperative, prefixation, and postfixation CT data in DICOM format were collected and reconstructed using Proplan software. Spatial geometric analysis was conducted to assess the inclination angle of the occlusal plane (OP), and OP deviation was directly measured using the software...

Several local skin flaps and tissue rearrangement techniques have been described in the literature, including the rhomboid flap. The Limberg flap is one of the most versatile local flaps that can be used for reconstruction of a wide range of skin defects in different parts of the body. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the safety and applicability of the Limberg flap for reconstruction of skin facial defects, particularly after cutaneous tumor resection. The following article presents a retrospective case series of 8 patients in whom the Limberg flap was used to reconstruct skin defects resulting from malignant tumor resections in the lateral part of the face...

BACKGROUND: The external nasal alar reduction can be associated with many complications, such as nostril malformation and significant scarring. The authors proposed a 3-part analysis method for the design of nasal alar reduction surgery with the aim of improving nasal alar morphology more precisely. METHODS: The 3-part analysis was based on the patient's flared nose, wide nasal base, and drooping ala, respectively. We included 20 patients who underwent this surgery between January 2021 and January 2022...

INTRODUCTION: Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing benign odontogenic tumor of the jaws. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the epidemiological data of ameloblastoma in Kedah, to identify the clinicopathological characteristics that predict the outcome of the treatment and recurrence rate. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective cohort study was conducted for patients who underwent treatment for ameloblastoma from 2007 to 2021. All patients with histopathologically proven ameloblastoma and underwent at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study...