journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36700456/therapeutic-cancer-vaccination-against-telomerase-clinical-developments-in-melanoma
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Espen Basmo Ellingsen, Jens Bjørheim, Gustav Gaudernack
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionized treatment outcomes for patients with malignant melanoma. Long-term follow-up shows that a substantial subset of patients who exhibit clinical responses achieve extended overall survival. Nevertheless, most patients do not achieve durable benefit from CPIs, and improvements are urgently needed. The clinical efficacy of CPIs depends on highly variable preexisting spontaneous T-cell immune responses. Cancer vaccines represent an independent treatment modality uniquely capable of expanding the repertoire of tumor-specific T cells in cancer patients and thus have the capacity to compensate for the variability in spontaneous T-cell responses...
January 17, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36633319/the-role-of-fusobacteria-in-oral-cancer-and-immune-evasion
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amani M Harrandah
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is growing evidence that suggests a possible role for bacteria in the progression of cancer. Fusobacteria have been detected in different types of cancers, including colorectal and oral cancers. Fusobacteria are common opportunistic oral bacteria known to cause various infections. In this review, we focus on the association between Fusobacteria and cancer, specifically oral cancer, and provide insight into the role of Fusobacteria in carcinogenesis and immune evasion...
January 12, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36607824/novel-strategies-to-improve-efficacy-of-treatment-with-tumor-infiltrating-lymphocytes-tils-for-patients-with-solid-cancers
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liselotte Tas, Inge Jedema, John B A G Haanen
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Treatment with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has shown remarkable clinical responses in patients with advanced solid tumors. Although the TIL production process is very robust, the original protocol stems from the early nineties and lacks effective selection for tumor-reactivity and functional activity. In this review we highlight the limitations of the current production process and give an overview of improvements that can be made to increase TIL efficacy...
January 6, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36721897/a-meta-analysis-of-the-efficacy-and-toxicity-of-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors-in-treating-patients-with-different-types-of-thyroid-cancer-how-to-choose-drugs-appropriately
#4
REVIEW
Jingyang Su, Jinhua Lu, Jialin Zhang, Menglei Wang, Jiang Yan, Shengyou Lin
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Because the high risk of death and poor prognosis of patients with refractory thyroid cancer (TC), studies related to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treating different types of refractory TC have gradually attracted attention. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials and single-arm trials to evaluate tyrosine kinase inhibitors' efficacy and safety profile treatment in TC patients. RECENT FINDINGS: The studies of 29 in 287 met the criteria, 9 were randomized controlled trials and 20 were single-arm trials, involving 11 TKIs (Apatinib, Anlotinib, Cabozantinib, Imatinib, Lenvatinib, Motesanib, Pazopanib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Vandetanib, Vemurafenib)...
March 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36721896/early-detection-of-cancers-in-the-era-of-precision-oncology
#5
REVIEW
Wan Ying Tan, Anup Sharma, Paromita Das, Nita Ahuja
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The increasing global incidence of cancer demands innovative cancer detection modalities. The current population-based early cancer detection approaches focus on several major types of cancers (breast, prostate, cervical, lung and colon) at their early stages, however, they generally do not target high-risk individuals at precancerous stages. RECENT FINDINGS: Some cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, are challenging to detect in their early stages...
March 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36721895/editorial-advances-in-cancer-detection-and-diagnosis-from-liquid-biopsies-and-molecular-biomarkers-to-opportunistic-intratumoral-bacteria
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jana Jeschke
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36721894/getting-personal-in-metastatic-melanoma-neoantigen-based-vaccines-as-a-new-therapeutic-strategy
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Morena D'Alise, Elisa Scarselli
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cancer vaccines are facing renewed interest, thanks to the progress recently achieved in the immunotherapy field, including the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs). The advances in understanding the CPI mode of action revealed a central role of neoantigens for the outcome of such treatments. Neoantigens became the preferred antigens for cancer vaccines and have been evaluated in several clinical trials. Here, we review the recent results from neoantigen-based vaccines in melanoma patients and discuss avenues for improvement...
March 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36721893/current-state-of-the-art-on-dendritic-cell-based-cancer-vaccines-in-melanoma
#8
REVIEW
Julia Katharina Schwarze, Xenia Geeraerts, Sandra Tuyaerts, Bart Neyns
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Dendritic cells (DCs) are the gatekeepers of our immune system and indispensable in the antitumor immune response. In recent years, their classification has been revised considerably using single-cell sequencing approaches. In this review, we focus on their unique role in cancer and how specific DC subsets can be manipulated to induce an effective and durable antitumor response. RECENT FINDINGS: Historically, due to the ease of their isolation in sufficient cell numbers from peripheral blood, the utility of monocyte-derived DCs as therapeutic cancer vaccines was explored in the clinic...
March 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36721892/editorial-introductions
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36475460/targeting-cancer-stem-cell-pathways-for-lung-cancer-therapy
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingxin Liu, Hong Wu, Chuan Xu
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The unique properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs) make lung cancer untargetable for quite an extended period. The functional mechanism of this cell type has been illustrated step by step. However, the outcomes of lung cancer patients are still lower than expected clinically. The attempts made by scientists to make challenge history against stemness maintenance of lung cancer cells and their druggable targets are worth elucidating. RECENT FINDINGS: Many agents, including the Bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) and AMG 119 targeting DLL3-positive cells, are a tremendous breakthrough in the preclinical and clinical treatment of SCLC...
January 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36475459/opportunities-and-challenges-of-neoadjuvant-targeted-therapy-in-nonsmall-cell-lung-cancer
#11
REVIEW
Ji'an Zou, Yue Zeng, Fang Wu
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this study is to summarize the completed and ongoing clinical trials of neoadjuvant targeted therapy, discuss tolerability and efficacy, and explain the role of neoadjuvant targeted therapy in patients with resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At the same time, the existing challenges are presented, including assessment methods, biomarkers, surrogate endpoints and so on. We also put forward our views on possible ways to make improvements and establish neoadjuvant therapy a standard treatment in resectable NSCLC...
January 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36475458/oligometastatic-disease-from-differentiated-thyroid-cancer-best-treatment-schemes
#12
REVIEW
Elena Colombo, Arianna Ottini, Lisa Licitra
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Patients with slowly progressive and/or symptomatic oligometastatic radioactive iodine refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) are candidates to receive locoregional treatment to delay the start of systemic therapy with multikinase inhibitors. Information provided by the recent literature has not been extensively reviewed in previous published works, thus we aim to bridge this gap. RECENT FINDINGS: We present for each metastatic site the different locoregional treatment options, contraindications and potential adverse events...
January 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36475457/molecular-genotyping-in-medullary-thyroid-cancer
#13
REVIEW
Kate Newbold
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There has been a significant advance in our understanding of the molecular biology of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) alongside progress in the development of targeted therapies including multikinase and specific rearranged during transfection inhibitors. RECENT FINDINGS: This review will examine the latest data investigating the impact of the genomics of MTC on the prediction of the natural history of an individual's disease and the determination, selection and timing of treatment interventions...
January 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36420570/thoracic-irradiation-as-consolidation-therapy-in-patients-with-extensive-stage-small-cell-lung-cancer
#14
REVIEW
Judit Berta, Anita Rózsás, Zsolt Megyesfalvi, Gyula Ostoros, Balázs Döme
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is marked by an exceptionally high proliferative rate and poor prognosis. Given its high propensity to metastasize, nearly two-thirds of SCLC patients are diagnosed with extensive-stage (ES) disease when surgery is not a treatment option anymore. Over several decades, only minimal changes have been made in the therapeutic armamentarium of ES-SCLC. Recently, however, several new therapeutic avenues were defined, thus renewing the hope for patients with this recalcitrant cancer...
January 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36380577/targeting-exon-20-insertion-mutations-in-lung-cancer
#15
REVIEW
Yaning Yang, Yan Wang
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The application of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has successfully changed the standard of care in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) positive non-small cell lung cancer. However, clinical survivals for patients with EGFR exon 20 insertions have failed to improve over the long period and the mutation appeared resistant to EGFR -TKIs. This overview focused on the current treatment strategies, summarized the emerging regimens for patients with EGFR exon 20 insertions, and demonstrated historical challenges and future development...
January 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36322006/progress-in-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-checkpoint-inhibitor-pneumonitis
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Yu, Jing Wu, Chunxia Su
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this article, we summarized the current knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of the checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP), and provide an outlook on the current issues and future prospects. RECENT FINDINGS: Pulmonary toxicity of immunotherapy covers a broad range of pulmonary manifestations and is often referred to as pneumonitis. It is a severe and potentially life-threatening immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that requires early identification and management...
January 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36421007/prophylactic-cranial-irradiation-in-small-cell-lung-cancer-an-update
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Chu, Zhengfei Zhu
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The current review presents recent updates in the seminal literature of research on prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). RECENT FINDINGS: Brain MRI restaging before the administration of PCI reveals a substantial proportion of brain metastasis in baseline brain metastasis free extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) and limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC). Posthoc analyses from the CASPIAN and IMpower133 trials revealed decreases in brain metastasis rates in ES-SCLC treated with chemoimmunotherapy relative to the brain metastasis rates in ES-SCLC treated with chemotherapy alone...
November 25, 2022: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36398690/anaplastic-thyroid-carcinoma-advances-in-molecular-profiling-and-targeted-therapy
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christiane Jungels, Jaime Miguel Pita, Giuseppe Costante
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) are rare cancers with a globally very poor prognosis, because of their immensely aggressive behaviour, resulting in predominantly advanced stage of disease at diagnosis. Response to available therapies is still disappointing. Aim of the present review is to illustrate the diverse new strategies under investigation, to improve the poor outcome of these patients. RECENT FINDINGS: Applying molecular analysis in ATC is unravelling potentially actionable targets of therapy...
November 21, 2022: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36367223/improved-guideline-adherence-in-oncology-through-clinical-decision-support-systems-still-hindered-by-current-health-it-infrastructures
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wieland Voigt, Martin Trautwein
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite several efforts to enhance guideline adherence in cancer management, the rate of adherence remains often dissatisfactory in clinical routine. Clinical decision-support systems (CDSS) have been developed to support the management of cancer patients by providing evidence-based recommendations. In this review, we focus on both current evidence supporting the beneficial effects of CDSS on guideline adherence as well as technical and structural requirements for CDSS implementation in clinical routine...
November 14, 2022: Current Opinion in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36321569/the-role-and-underlying-mechanisms-of-tumour-derived-exosomes-in-lung-cancer-metastasis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinling He, Lingqi Yang, Ning Zhou, Lingling Zu, Song Xu
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours worldwide. Metastasis is a serious influencing factor for poor treatment effect and shortened survival in lung cancer. But the complicated underlying molecular mechanisms of tumour metastasis remain unclear. In this review, we aim to further summarize and explore the underlying mechanisms of tumour-derived exosomes (TDEs) in lung cancer metastasis. RECENT FINDINGS: TDEs are actively produced and released by tumour cells and carry messages from tumour cells to normal or abnormal cells residing at close or distant sites...
November 3, 2022: Current Opinion in Oncology
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