Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: Childhood stroke has an estimated incidence of 2-13 per 100 000 children. Limited consensus exists regarding best practice recommendations for childhood stroke rehabilitation. A retrospective study completed at a tertiary institution identified potential associations between factors including type of stroke, functional presentation, muscle strength and length of stay (LOS). METHODS: A retrospective study of children post-stroke admitted 2014-2019 evaluated factors influencing outcome within inpatient rehabilitation...

AIM: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between sleep problems and executive functions in pre-school children as reported by parents/caregivers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study of caregiver-child dyads was conducted in a public kindergarten school in Northern Thailand. Sleep problems were evaluated using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), whereas executive functions were assessed using the Behavioural Rating Inventory of Executive Function - pre-school version (BRIEF-P)...

UNLABELLED: Radial head subluxation, known as pulled elbow or nursemaid's elbow, is a common presentation to the Paediatric Emergency Department (PED). Fifty per cent of children present following an unwitnessed injury or with an atypical history. Furthermore, examination can be difficult in an upset or frightened child meaning the precise location of the injury is not always easily identifiable. Many children receive upper limb x-rays unnecessarily and others undergo attempted reduction for suspected pulled elbow when a fracture is the cause of their pain...

AIMS: To describe the prevalence of use of breastmilk and explore demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes associated with breastmilk provision in infants born <29 weeks' gestational age in Australia, New Zealand and Singapore. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial, which enrolled 1273 infants in 13 neonatal units across Australia, New Zealand and Singapore from 2012 to 2015. Infants were classified as formula-fed, donor milk-fed or mother's milk-fed at their first enteral feed and separately, at hospital discharge...

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AIM: The purpose of this study is to report diagnostic pearls and review the clinical presentation and outcomes of surgical treatment of paediatric trigger thumbs. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records and imaging studies was performed on children with trigger thumbs from January 2009 to December 2019. RESULTS: Sixty-four trigger thumbs in 52 consecutive patients were treated. The average age at referral was 2.5 years. Symptoms include pain (4), triggering (14) and fixed contracture (38)...

AIM: To evaluate the suitability of serum osteocalcin (OC) as a marker to distinguish between rapidly and non-rapidly progressive central precocious puberty (RP-CPP and NRP-CPP), as well as its potential to assess growth rates following treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). METHODS: Serum levels of OC were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in girls diagnosed with either RP-CPP or NRP-CPP as well as in normal control subjects...

AIM: The primary objective of this study is to determine the impact of a standardised feeding protocol for infants with gastroschisis on early enteral feeds, suck feeds, management of gastric residuals and breastfeeding at discharge. Secondary objectives were evaluation of growth, length of stay in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the duration of total parental nutrition (TPN), blood-culture confirmed sepsis and serum bilirubin level (SBR). METHODS: This single-centre retrospective quality improvement project included infants admitted to a quaternary care NICU for management of gastroschisis from 2010 to 2021...

AIM: Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in preterm infants are associated with an increased risk of long-term neurodevelopmental impairments (NDI) and cerebral palsy (CP). However, little is known about their impact on early neurodevelopmental outcomes despite increasing evidence highlighting the feasibility and importance of early NDI/CP diagnosis. We aimed to determine the early neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants with IVH and PVL. METHODS: This was a retrospective single-centre cohort study of preterm infants born at <29 weeks gestation or <1000 g birth weight who attended an Early Neurodevelopment Clinic at 3 to 4 months of corrected age...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: Perinatal stroke is one of the main causes of hemiplegia and seizure disorder. This study aimed to analyse the clinical characteristics and outcomes of perinatal stroke in a cohort of Australian children for its early detection. METHODS: A population-based prospective longitudinal study on perinatal stroke up to 2 years of age, was conducted from 2017 to 2019. RESULTS: Eighty-seven children with perinatal stroke included 79% (69/87) acute and 21% (18/87) presumed perinatal stroke...

AIM: Adolescents and young adults are vulnerable to suicidality, especially those at high risk such as young people who use drugs (YPUD). This study aimed to assess the prevalence and related factors of suicide risk among this population. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study on YPUD aged 16-24 in the community in Hanoi, Vietnam. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, drug use, and adverse childhood experiences were collected using face-to-face questionnaires by research assistants...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of spinal mobilisation on curvature magnitude, angle of trunk rotation (ATR) and pulmonary function in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). METHODS: Conducted as a double-blind randomised controlled trial, the study included 40 patients with AIS (Cobb angles 10°-25°) randomised to experimental (n = 20; female = 12, male = 8; age = 12.9 ± 1...

Sepsis is a common cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Though antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment in culture-positive neonatal sepsis, the dilemma persists for the optimum duration of antimicrobial therapy. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of short-course antibiotics for uncomplicated culture-positive neonatal sepsis. This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42023444899) identified, appraised, and synthesised the available evidence from randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials related to the efficacy of short-course (7-10 days) versus standard-course (14 days) antibiotics for uncomplicated culture-positive neonatal sepsis on the rate of treatment failure, mortality, duration of hospitalisation, morbidities including antibiotics-related adverse events, long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes and cost analysis...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and hospital admissions in early childhood. Recent advancements in novel preventive therapies, including extended half-life monoclonal antibodies and antenatal vaccination, have afforded new opportunities to significantly reduce the burden of this infection. Nirsevimab is a novel monoclonal antibody that provides sustained protection against RSV for at least 5 months among newborns and young children...