journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11693452/do-drivers-drink-more-when-they-use-a-safe-ride
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W M Harding, B D Caudill, B A Moore, K C Frissell
PURPOSE: Offering drinkers free safe rides (SRs) home can prevent DWI, but some suggest that it may also promote excessive drinking. METHODS: Forty-two respondents to surveys completed by 472 drinkers in barrooms reported that they used a SR during the first 9 months they were offered. RESULTS: Their usual estimated blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was significantly greater when they used a SR than on all occasions when they drank outside their homes...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11693451/the-relationship-of-early-onset-regular-smoking-to-alcohol-use-depression-illicit-drug-use-and-other-risky-behaviors-during-early-adolescence-results-from-the-youth-supplement-to-the-third-national-health-and-nutrition-examination-survey
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Z Hanna, H Y Yi, M C Dufour, C C Whitmore
PURPOSE: Recently we found that the early onset of regular tobacco use is as predictive of lifetime drug use and depressive disorders as it is of alcohol use disorders [Alcohol.: Clin. Exp. Res. 23 (1999) 513.]. This finding, which paralleled findings regarding early onset of alcohol use [J. Subst. Abuse 10 (1998) 59.], suggested that early regular use of any drug might simply be an indicator of risk for a constellation of problem behaviors. The purpose of the present study is to test this hypothesis as well as to study the strength and patterns of associations among these problem behaviors already present among youth...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11693450/defining-alcohol-related-fatal-medical-conditions-for-social-cost-studies-in-western-societies-an-update-of-the-epidemiological-evidence
#23
REVIEW
E Gutjahr, G Gmel
OBJECTIVES: To elaborate a state-of-the-art list of alcohol-related fatal medical conditions for future social-cost studies in Western societies. METHODS: Three major social-cost studies were compared with regard to their respective section on fatal health effects attributable to long-term as well as short-term use of alcohol. On discordant conditions, a systematic literature search was conducted in the Medline and ETOH databases. RESULTS: There is no consensus between social-cost studies with respect to alcohol-related causes of mortality...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11693449/the-5-year-course-of-alcohol-abuse-among-young-adults
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B F Grant, F S Stinson, T Harford
PURPOSE: This study describes the course of alcohol abuse among a nationally representative sample of young adults over a 5-year time period for the purpose of examining the validity of the DSM-IV alcohol abuse category. METHODS: DSM-IV diagnoses of alcohol abuse at baseline and follow-up were examined using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Alcohol abuse and dependence were shown to have different courses. Very few abusers at Time 1 became dependent at Time 2, suggesting that abuse is not merely prodromal to dependence...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547627/routes-of-drug-administration-differential-affiliation-and-lifestyle-stability-among-cocaine-and-opiate-users-implications-to-hiv-prevention
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C A Latkin, A R Knowlton, S Sherman
Types of drugs used and routes of administration were assessed, and correlations to social affiliation, HIV status, and lifestyle stability were explored among 672 street-recruited drug users in Baltimore. Participants reported 63 patterns of drug use, which were categorized into five groups: (1) only sniff heroin; (2) smoke crack and may snort cocaine; (3) sniff heroin and smoke crack; (4) inject heroin and cocaine; and (5) inject heroin and cocaine, smoke crack, and may snort heroin. Social network analysis revealed that heroin sniffers and crack smokers both tended to associate with those with similar drug use patterns...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547626/prevalence-incidence-and-correlates-of-chlamydia-and-gonorrhea-among-young-adult-injection-drug-users
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Latka, J Ahern, R S Garfein, L Ouellet, P Kerndt, P Morse, C E Farshy, D C Des Jarlais, D Vlahov
PURPOSE: To measure prevalence, incidence, and correlates of chlamydia and gonorrhea among injection drug users (IDUs). METHODS: Participants (n = 2129; 63% male, 52% white, ages 18-30 years) in five US cities were tested for chlamydia and gonorrhea by urine LCR assay and completed a standardized questionnaire about demographics and recent sexual behavior. Logistic regression identified correlates of prevalent infection; incidence rates were calculated from 6-month follow-up data...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547625/marijuana-use-and-hiv-risk-among-adolescent-offenders-the-moderating-effect-of-age
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J B Kingree, D L Phan
PURPOSE: This study examined gender and age as potential moderators of the association between marijuana use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk among 272 adolescent offenders. METHODS: Analyses were based on biological and self-report measures of both marijuana use and HIV risk. RESULTS: Results revealed that the association between marijuana use and HIV risk was moderated by age but not gender across both biological and self-report measures...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547624/tattooing-and-body-piercing-among-adolescent-detainees-relationship-to-alcohol-and-other-drug-use
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R Braithwaite, A Robillard, T Woodring, T Stephens, K J Arriola
PURPOSE: The purpose of this preliminary study was to document self-reported tattooing and body piercing behavior among a sample of 860 adolescent detainees. Additionally, the study examined the relationship of alcohol and drug use to tattooing and body piercing--an often overlooked HIV risk behavior. METHODS: Adolescents (N = 860) participating in a substance use and HIV risk reduction intervention were surveyed upon entrance to a Youth Development Campus (YDC)...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547623/risk-factors-of-hiv-infection-and-needle-sharing-among-injecting-drug-users-in-ho-chi-minh-city-vietnam
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N T Hien, L T Giang, P N Binh, W Devillé, E J van Ameijden, I Wolffers
OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify risk factors for needle sharing and HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. METHODS: Three cross-sectional surveys among IDUs, both on the street (in 11 urban districts) and in the rehabilitation center for IDUs in HCMC, were carried out in April of 1995, 1997, and 1998. Outreach workers interviewed IDUs about socio-demographic characteristics, drug use and sexual practices, and HIV knowledge and perceptions...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547622/hiv-risks-of-men-in-methadone-maintenance-treatment-programs-who-abuse-their-intimate-partners-a-forgotten-issue
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N el-Bassel, J Fontdevila, L Gilbert, D Voisin, B L Richman, P Pitchell
Accumulating findings suggest a relationship between partner violence and HIV risk among women, however, this issue has yet to be adequately researched among men. This study examines the relationship between perpetrating intimate partner violence and HIV risk behavior among a sample of men in methadone maintenance treatment programs (MMTPs). Data were collected on 273 sexually active men, who were recruited from four inner-city MMTP clinics. More than a third of the sample reported perpetrating intimate physical abuse and 15% reported severe physical abuse in the past 12 months...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547621/-i-don-t-know-when-it-might-pop-up-understanding-repeat-hiv-testing-and-perceptions-of-hiv-among-drug-users
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K A Vernon, N Mulia, M Downing, K Knight, T Riess
PURPOSE: The study sought to understand the HIV testing patterns of low-income drug users. METHODS: Sixty-seven low-income drug users were recruited from street outreach venues in three San Francisco Bay Area counties. Participants were interviewed using an open-ended questionnaire eliciting information on HIV testing histories, sexual behavior, and drug use. Transcripts from interviews were coded and analyzed using methods consistent with the grounded theory approach of qualitative research...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547620/factors-affecting-client-response-to-hiv-outreach-efforts
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P D Tinsman, S Bullman, X Chen, K Burgdorf, J M Herrell
PURPOSE: This article describes 12 HIV Outreach Demonstration Projects funded by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment in 1995, and the clients these projects served. The article also summarizes the findings of multivariate statistical analyses aimed at identifying important project and client characteristics that influenced project success in achieving two key outcomes: persuading at-risk clients to obtain HIV tests, and facilitating entry by substance-abusing clients into structured substance abuse treatment (SAT)...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547619/substance-use-and-sexual-transmission-risk-behavior-of-hiv-positive-men-who-have-sex-with-men
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D W Purcell, J T Parsons, P N Halkitis, Y Mizuno, W J Woods
We examined substance use in relationship to transmission risk behavior (unprotected insertive, UIAI, or receptive anal intercourse, URAI) between HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and their HIV-negative or unknown serostatus partners. Men who engaged in transmission risk behavior with casual partners were more likely than men who did not engage in such behavior to have used various substances. Users of certain drugs were specifically less likely to use condoms with HIV-negative or unknown status partners than users...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547618/health-care-utilization-among-young-adult-injection-drug-users-in-harlem-new-york
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Cronquist, V Edwards, S Galea, M Latka, D Vlahov
PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study investigated the predictors for and patterns of health care utilization among young adult injection drug users (IDUs). METHODS: The subjects were 206 IDUs, ages 18-29, who were street-recruited from Harlem, New York. Participants were interviewed about their drug use, health conditions, and use of services such as health care, needle exchange programs (NEPs), and drug treatment in the preceding 6 months. Data were analyzed using logistic regression...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547617/abuse-addiction-and-depression-as-pathways-to-sexual-risk-in-women-and-men-with-a-history-of-substance-abuse
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A C Morrill, L Kasten, M Urato, M J Larson
PURPOSE: In this paper, we develop and test a model for predicting sexual risk for HIV and other STDs. METHODS: Researchers interviewed 528 women and men with a history of substance abuse about their past experiences of physical and sexual abuse, symptoms, and sexual risk behavior (number of partners, trading sex for drugs or money, unprotected intercourse, and sexual orientation). The model explores direct and indirect associations of physical abuse and sexual abuse with sexual risk...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547616/use-of-hiv-health-care-in-hiv-seropositive-crack-cocaine-smokers-and-other-active-drug-users
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L R Metsch, M Pereyra, T H Brewer
PURPOSE: We assessed the use of HIV care among HIV-seropositive crack cocaine smokers and other active drug users in Miami-Dade County, FL. METHODS: Personal interviews were conducted with 327 adults recruited from inner city neighborhoods. Cross-tabulations and logistic modeling were used to analyze the relationship between selected variables and use of HIV care. RESULTS: One-third of respondents had not seen a provider for HIV-related health care in the past 12 months...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547615/expectancies-of-sexual-escape-and-sexual-risk-among-drug-and-alcohol-involved-gay-and-bisexual-men
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D J McKirnan, P A Vanable, D G Ostrow, B Hope
PURPOSE: We tested the hypotheses that sexual risk would relate to gay/bisexual men's patterns of combining alcohol or drugs with sex, their motivation to use drugs to cognitively "escape" awareness of HIV risk, and their use of bars as social and sexual settings. METHODS: We conducted extensive interviews among African-American (n = 139) and White (n = 112) gay and bisexual men who were attending a behavioral intervention for safer sex results. Those who frequently combined drugs with sex reported higher rates of sexual risk and Hepatitis B infection than did men who infrequently combined substances with sex, or who combined only alcohol with sex...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547614/hiv-aids-preparedness-in-mental-health-care-agencies-with-high-and-low-substance-use-disorder-caseloads
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K McKinnon, M L Wainberg, F Cournos
PURPOSE: The Columbia University HIV Mental Health Training Project, created to improve the mental health workforce's AIDS preparedness in New York and neighboring states, sought to compare the perceived HIV-related needs and capacities of mental health care providers in settings where clients with substance use disorders predominated versus those where clients with substance use disorders were the minority of the agencies' caseload. METHODS: The first consecutive 67 mental health care agencies that requested HIV/AIDS training between March 2000 and January 2001 completed a written needs assessment describing their HIV-related services and training needs...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547613/circuit-party-attendance-club-drug-use-and-unsafe-sex-in-gay-men
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A M Mattison, M W Ross, T Wolfson, D Franklin
PURPOSE: We examined the population demographics and club drugs used in gay circuit parties and estimated the reported unsafe sexual behavior associated with each drug, the reasons for attending circuit parties, and the unsafe sex associated with different reasons. METHODS: A brief questionnaire was provided to a nonrandom sample of party attendees covering demographics, drugs used, sexual activity, and reasons for attending gay circuit parties at three major North American parties in 1998-1999...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11547612/substance-abusing-adolescents-at-varying-levels-of-hiv-risk-psychosocial-characteristics-drug-use-and-sexual-behavior
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R M Malow, J G DĂ©vieux, T Jennings, B A Lucenko, S C Kalichman
PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship of various psychosocial factors on HIV sexual risk behavior in a sample of 169 "inner city" male and female adolescents mandated into in court-ordered substance abuse treatment. METHOD: The Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI) and measures of sexual behavior, condom attitudes and skills, HIV knowledge, and substance abuse were administered. Data were evaluated according to five HIV risk groups: abstinent (n = 37); monogamous and practicing only protected sex (n = 19); monogamous and practicing unprotected sex (n = 45); multiple partners and practicing only protected sex (n = 11); and multiple partners and having only unprotected sex (n = 57)...
2001: Journal of Substance Abuse
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