journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37976078/microbiome-dynamics-in-rheumatic-diseases
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiqing Wang, Zijun Wang, Qianjin Lu
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Rheumatic disease are characterized by their autoimmune nature, frequently affecting joints, bones, muscles, blood vessels, and connective tissues. The onset of these conditions typically unfolds gradually and subtly. It is noteworthy that individuals with rheumatic diseases often experience shifts in their microbiome, specifically on mucosal surfaces. The purpose of this review is to delve into the intricate interplay between the microbiome, encompassing bacteria, viruses and fungi, and its role in the development and aggravation of various rheumatic diseases...
November 17, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37976046/vaccination-updates-and-special-considerations-for-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-patients
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jammie Law, Cristina Sorrento, Amit Saxena
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review the latest guidelines and note special considerations for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients when approaching vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, influenza, pneumococcus, herpes zoster, and potentially respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine in the future. RECENT FINDINGS: SLE patients have unique infectious risks due to newer treatments and the nature of the disease itself. It is important to balance the benefit of additional protective immunity from updated vaccines against the possible risk of disease activity exacerbations...
November 17, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37962165/diagnosis-and-management-of-primary-heart-involvement-in-systemic-sclerosis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giacomo De Luca, Marco Matucci-Cerinic, Sophie I Mavrogeni
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In systemic sclerosis (SSc) primary heart involvement (pHI) is frequent, even though often unrecognized due to its occult nature and to the lack of a specific diagnostic algorithm. The purpose of this review is to report the state of the art of the evidence in the current literature, as well as the overall diagnostic modalities and therapeutic strategies for primary heart involvement in SSc. RECENT FINDINGS: SSc-pHI is defined by the presence of cardiac abnormalities that are predominantly attributable to SSc rather than other causes and/or complications; it may be sub-clinical and must be confirmed through diagnostic investigations...
November 9, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37916482/cryoglobulinemic-vasculitis-a-2023-update
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Moretti, Francesco Ferro, Chiara Baldini, Marta Mosca, Rosaria Talarico
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) is an immune complex mediated small vessel vasculitis characterized by the presence of cryoglobulins in serum, often associated with hepatitis C infection, systemic autoimmune diseases or hematological conditions. The focus of this review is to provide an update on new insights into pathogenesis, epidemiology and therapies of infectious and noninfectious type II and type III CV. RECENT FINDINGS: The introduction of new antiviral drugs for treatment of hepatitis C infection implied major changes in HCV-related CV, allowing to shed new lights on CV pathogenesis and mechanisms of relapse and, therefore, to increase the relevance of autoimmune diseases in CV epidemiology...
November 2, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37916474/recent-advances-on-neutrophil-dysregulation-in-the-pathogenesis-of-rheumatic-diseases
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianing Chen, Xinyu Wang, Yudong Liu, Xuan Zhang
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The exact pathogenic mechanisms of rheumatic diseases (RMD) remain largely unknown. Increasing evidence highlights a pathogenic role of neutrophil dysregulation in the development of RMD. RECENT FINDINGS: The purpose of this review is to present a current overview of recent advancements in understanding the role of neutrophil dysfunction in the development of RMD. Additionally, this review will discuss strategies for targeting pathways associated with neutrophil dysregulation as potential treatments for RMD...
November 2, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37905987/t-lymphocytes-related-cell-network-in-the-pathogenesis-of-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-a-key-point-for-personalized-treatment
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessio Mazzoni, Francesco Annunziato, Laura Maggi
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of arthritis of unknown origin occurring in children under 16 years of age and persisting for at least 6 weeks. Given that JIA is an inflammatory disorder, treatment strategies, including also biologicals, are focused on suppressing excessive inflammation. The finding that different patients display different responses to biological drugs supports the concept that different pathogenic mechanisms can exist in JIA, with specific cellular and molecular mechanisms driving inflammation in each patient...
October 30, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830924/calcinosis-in-systemic-sclerosis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Srijana Davuluri, Christian Lood, Lorinda Chung
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide updated information on the prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics of calcinosis cutis associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). RECENT FINDINGS: Observational studies show ethnic and geographical differences in the prevalence of calcinosis. In addition to clinical and serological associations, biochemical studies and in-vivo models have attempted to explain theories behind its pathogenesis, including prolonged state of inflammation, mechanical stress, hypoxia, and dysregulation in bone and phosphate metabolism...
October 11, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37755381/current-treatment-approach-to-anca-associated-vasculitis
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yusuf Yazici
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review will attempt to summarize the most potentially impactful new data on the way ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is diagnosed, treated, and monitored. RECENT FINDINGS: The newly developed classification criteria for AAV have serious methodological issues that need to be addressed before they are widely adopted. The newly approved drugs and studies into both achieving remission and maintaining it have added to our overall knowledge of managing AAV and should hopefully contribute to improving outcomes in AAV...
October 10, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37800639/epidemiology-of-systemic-vasculitis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yesim Ozguler, Sinem Nihal Esatoglu, Gulen Hatemi
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Epidemiology of vasculitides exhibit geographic variation and data from some parts of the world are still scarce. Increased recognition of these rare diseases and improvement in diagnosis and patient care may lead to changes in their epidemiology. In this review, we aimed to highlight the most recent work on the epidemiology of systemic vasculitis. RECENT FINDINGS: New data from countries where information on the epidemiology of giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis and Behçet syndrome were limited have revealed that these conditions are not as rare as previously believed...
October 6, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37729051/cluster-analysis-as-a-clinical-and-research-tool-in-beh%C3%A3-et-s-syndrome
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ufuk Ilgen
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review was to comprehensively summarize recent phenotype research findings in Behçet's syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS: Cluster analysis has recently been employed as a phenotype research tool in Behçet's syndrome. Studies reported different clustering patterns caused by biological variation and some degree of artificial heterogeneity. However, some clusters were more consistent than others: 1) oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and skin lesions 2) oral ulcers, genital ulcers, skin lesions, and arthritis 3) oral ulcers, genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis 4) oral ulcers, genital ulcers, skin lesions, and gastrointestinal involvement...
September 19, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37729050/large-language-models-and-the-future-of-rheumatology-assessing-impact-and-emerging-opportunities
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Insa Mannstadt, Bella Mehta
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Large language models (LLMs) have grown rapidly in size and capabilities as more training data and compute power has become available. Since the release of ChatGPT in late 2022, there has been growing interest and exploration around potential applications of LLM technology. Numerous examples and pilot studies demonstrating the capabilities of these tools have emerged across several domains. For rheumatology professionals and patients, LLMs have the potential to transform current practices in medicine...
September 19, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37720975/recent-developments-in-the-synovial-fibroblast-pathobiology-field-in-rheumatoid-arthritis
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Neumann, Corinna Heck, Ulf Müller-Ladner
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Synovial fibroblasts are the central cells of connective tissue homeostasis. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tissue, synovial fibroblasts are activated because of the proinflammatory environment very early in the disease. Epigenetic alterations in RASF result in a permanently activated stage, and activated RASF are involved in many processes of RA pathophysiology. Therefore, several recent findings of the last 18 months with focus on RASF activation and function are summarized...
September 13, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37682061/new-therapies-in-anti-mda5-antibody-positive-dermatomyositis
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masahiro Yasui, Taro Iwamoto, Shunsuke Furuta
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review focuses on treatments for anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5-DM), which is a subgroup of dermatomyositis and characterized by frequent rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease and the high mortality rate. Despite conventional immunosuppressive therapies, there are still refractory cases. Newer treatment options are needed. RECENT FINDINGS: The triple combination therapy (high-dose glucocorticoids, calcineurin inhibitor, and intravenous cyclophosphamide) improved patient survival compared to high-dose glucocorticoids and step-wise addition of the immunosuppressants...
September 8, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37682057/pregnancies-in-women-with-antineutrophil-cytoplasmatic-antibody-associated-vasculitis
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ann-Christin Pecher, Melanie Henes, Joerg C Henes
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody associated vasculitis (AAV) usually manifests after age fifty, thus making it very rare during reproductive age. Although rare, AAV, particularly eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, can manifest at a younger age. AAV can also appear for the first time during pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS: Data from pregnant patients with AAV mostly derive from case reports or retrospective studies, with an absolute number of <100 published cases...
September 8, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37755404/recent-findings-in-idiopathic-inflammatory-myopathies-with-potential-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-implications
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Ghirardello, Chiara Franco, Mariele Gatto
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37755403/updates-on-translational-and-clinical-research-in-systemic-sclerosis
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shervin Assassi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37729053/enrichment-strategies-for-clinical-trials-targeting-skin-fibrosis-and-interstitial-lung-disease-in-systemic-sclerosis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ariane L Herrick, Christopher P Denton
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review gives an update on enrichment strategies for clinical trials in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) in two contexts - skin fibrosis in early diffuse cutaneous disease, and SSc-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) - focusing on reports from the last 18 months. Lessons have been learnt from recent studies, making this review timely. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent trials have highlighted how patients included into trials must be carefully selected to include 'progressors', that is, those most likely to benefit from treatment, and how drug mechanism action of action will influence trial design...
November 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37682051/janus-kinase-inhibitors-efficacy-and-safety
#18
REVIEW
Stanley Cohen, Virginia Reddy
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have been available for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since 2012 and are indicated for patients with active disease despite csDMARD therapy. Efficacy and safety, as demonstrated in the clinical trials, was similar to biologics. A recent post marketing trial suggested safety concerns with the JAKi, which will be reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS: A post marketing Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mandated open-label randomized clinical trial of tofacitinib 5 and 10 mg twice daily (b...
November 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37656661/update-on-muscle-imaging-in-myositis
#19
REVIEW
Ai Lyn Tan, Andrea Di Matteo, Richard J Wakefield, John Biglands
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Imaging techniques such as MRI, ultrasound and PET/computed tomography (CT) have roles in the detection, diagnosis and management of myositis or idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). Imaging research has also provided valuable knowledge in the understanding of the pathology of IIM. This review explores the latest advancements of these imaging modalities in IIM. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent advancements in imaging of IIM have seen a shift away from manual and qualitative analysis of the images...
November 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37650694/myopathy-in-systemic-sclerosis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caoilfhionn M Connolly, Julie J Paik
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Systemic sclerosis associated myopathy (SSc-AM) is a complex, heterogenous disease that is associated with poor outcomes. SSc-AM lacks a clear definition, and continues to be poorly recognized. The purpose of this review is to provide a contemporary overview of the clinical, serological and pathophysiologic findings in SSc-AM to guide optimal recognition and management of this challenging disease manifestation. RECENT FINDINGS: There have been several advances in diagnostic techniques to facilitate characterization of SSc-AM, including muscle MRI, in which findings were correlated to distinct histopathologic categories of muscle involvement in SSc, histopathologic findings of prominent fibrosis or inflammation on biopsy, and the identification of novel autoantibodies associated with SSc-AM, which may be associated with distinct clinical phenotypes...
November 1, 2023: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
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