journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536954/immunogenicity-and-protective-capacity-of-cpg-odn-adjuvanted-alum-adsorbed-bivalent-meningococcal-outer-membrane-vesicle-vaccine
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tugce Canavar Yildirim, Yasemin Ozsurekci, Muzaffer Yildirim, Irem Evcili, Volkan Yazar, Kubra Aykac, Ulku Guler, Bekir Salih, Mayda Gursel, Ihsan Gursel
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is caused by Neisseria meningitidis, with the main serogroups responsible for the disease being A, B, C, W, X, and Y. To date, several vaccines targeting N.meningitidis have been developed albeit with a short-lived protection. Given that MenW and MenB are the most common causes of IMD in Europe, Turkey, and Middle East, we aimed to develop an outer membrane vesicle (OMV) based bivalent vaccine as the heterologous antigen source. Herein, we compared the immunogenicity, and breadth of serum bactericidal assays (SBA) based protective coverage of OMV vaccine to X serotype with existing commercial meningococcal conjugate and polysaccharide (PS) vaccines in a murine model...
March 27, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517027/high-cd62l-expression-predicts-the-generation-of-chimeric-antigen-receptor-t-cells-with-potent-effector-functions
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hitomi Kasuya, Haosong Zhang, Yusuke Ito, Toshiaki Yoshikawa, Takahiro Nakashima, Yang Li, Tetsuya Matsukawa, Satoshi Inoue, Yuki Kagoya
Efficient generation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells is highly influenced by the quality of apheresed T cells. Healthy donor-derived T cells usually proliferate better than patients-derived T cells and are precious resources to generate off-the-shelf CAR-T cells. However, relatively little is known about the determinants that affect the efficient generation of CAR-T cells from healthy donor-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) compared with those from the patients' own PBMC. We here examined the efficiency of CAR-T cell generation from multiple healthy donor samples and analyzed its association with the phenotypic features of the starting peripheral blood T cells...
March 22, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451254/causal-modulation-of-lipid-metabolism-may-shape-the-inflammatory-microenvironment-and-potentially-augment-immunotherapy-a-comprehensive-genetic-landscape-revealed-by-mendelian-randomization-analysis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenjie Li, Wei Wang
BACKGROUND: previous observational and experimental studies have suggested a relationship between statin treatments and the augmentation of immunotherapy effects; however, the causal role of statin usage in promoting antitumor immunity remains largely unexplored. METHODS: utilizing large-scale genome-wide association studies, we conducted a Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to examine the association between genetically proxied inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), a specific target of statins, and 524 immunotherapy-related profiles, encompassing immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, immune checkpoints, and gut microbiota...
March 7, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442194/an-inhibitory-immunoreceptor-allergin-1-regulates-the-intestinal-dysbiosis-and-barrier-function-in-mice
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Hsien Lin, Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka, Nozomu Obana, Shinji Fukuda, Akira Shibuya
The intestinal barrier consists of mucosal, epithelial, and immunological barriers and serves as a dynamic interface between the host and its environment. Disruption of the intestinal barrier integrity is a leading cause of various gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. The homeostasis of the intestinal barrier is tightly regulated by crosstalk between gut microbes and the immune system; however, the implication of the immune system on the imbalance of gut microbes that disrupts barrier integrity remains to be fully elucidated...
March 5, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441292/metabolic-reprogramming-and-macrophage-polarization-in-granuloma-formation
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satoshi Nakamizo, Kenji Kabashima
This review article delves into the complexities of granuloma formation, focusing on the metabolic reprogramming within these immune structures, especially in tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. It underscores the role of the monocyte-macrophage lineage in granuloma formation and maintenance, emphasizing the adaptability of these cells to environmental cues and inflammatory stimuli. Key to the discussion is the macrophage polarization influenced by various cytokines, with a detailed exploration of the metabolic shifts towards glycolysis under hypoxic conditions and the utilization of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) for crucial biosynthetic processes...
March 5, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430523/acute-malaria-suppresses-the-b-lymphocytic-niche-in-the-bone-marrow-through-the-alteration-of-cxcl12-abundant-reticular-cells
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michelle Sue Jann Lee, Julia Matsuo Dapaah, Camila Del Rosario Zorrilla, Yoshiki Omatsu, Takashi Nagasawa, Shun Uemura, Atsushi Iwama, Ken J Ishii, Cevayir Coban
Bone marrow is a dynamic organ composed of stem cells that constantly receive signals from stromal cells and other hematopoietic cells in the niches of the bone marrow to maintain hematopoiesis and generate immune cells. Perturbation of the bone marrow microenvironment by infection and inflammation affects hematopoiesis and may affect immune cell development. Little is known about the effect of malaria on the bone marrow stromal cells that govern the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche. In this study, we demonstrate that the mesenchymal stromal CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cell population is reduced during acute malaria infection...
March 2, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387051/prevention-of-experimental-autoimmune-encephalomyelitis-by-targeting-6-sulfo-sialyl-lewis-x-glycans-involved-in-lymphocyte-homing
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qianqian Liu, Wei Xiong, Sachiyo Obara, Hirohito Abo, Hiroko Nakatsukasa, Hiroto Kawashima
Lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) is critical for immune surveillance. However, autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) can occur due to excessive immune responses in the PLN. Here we show that 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X (6-sulfo sLex) glycans on high endothelial venules that function as ligands for L-selectin on lymphocytes play a critical role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. In N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc6ST)-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2 double knockout mice lacking the expression of 6-sulfo sLeX glycans, the EAE symptoms and the numbers of effector Th1 and Th17 cells in the draining lymph nodes (dLN) and spinal cords (SC) were significantly reduced...
February 22, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38386511/crystal-structure-of-the-complex-of-clec12a-and-an-antibody-that-interferes-with-binding-of-diverse-ligands
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shotaro Mori, Masamichi Nagae, Sho Yamasaki
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors, which detect a broad spectrum of ligands via small carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs). CLEC12A is an inhibitory CLR that recognizes crystalline structures such as monosodium urate crystals. CLEC12A also recognizes mycolic acid, a major component of mycobacterial cell walls, and suppresses host immune responses. Although CLEC12A could be a therapeutic target for mycobacterial infection, structural information on CLEC12A was not available...
February 22, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364321/reprogramming-t-cell-metabolism-to-enhance-adoptive-cell-therapies
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meghan Kates, Samuel D Saibil
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is an immunotherapeutic approach that involves isolating T cells from a patient, culturing them ex vivo, then re-infusing the cells back into the patient. Although this strategy has shown remarkable efficacy in hematological malignancies, the solid-tumour microenvironment (TME) has presented serious challenges for therapy efficacy. Particularly, the TME has immunosuppressive signaling and presents a metabolically challenging environment that leads to T cell suppression. T cell metabolism is an expanding field of research with a focus on understanding its inherent link to T cell function...
February 14, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38289706/essential-role-of-cd155-glycosylation-in-functional-binding-to-dnam-1-on-natural-killer-cells
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saeko Tahara, Genki Okumura, Tomohei Matsuo, Akira Shibuya, Kazuko Shibuya
CD155 is highly expressed on tumor cells and augments or inhibits the cytotoxic activities of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells through its receptor ligands DNAM-1 and T cell immunoglobulin immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT), respectively. Although CD155 is heavily glycosylated, the role of glycosylation of CD155 in the cytotoxic activity of effector lymphocytes remains unknown. Here, we show that the N-linked glycosylation at residue 105 (N105 glycosylation) in the first immunoglobulin-like domain of CD155 is involved in the binding of CD155 to both DNAM-1 and TIGIT...
January 30, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262747/purified-diet-affects-intestinal-epithelial-proliferation-and-barrier-functions-through-gut-microbial-alterations
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroaki Shiratori, Kisara M Hattori, Kazuaki Nakata, Takuma Okawa, Seiga Komiyama, Yusuke Kinashi, Yuma Kabumoto, Yuria Kaneko, Motoyoshi Nagai, Tomoko Shindo, Nobuko Moritoki, Yuki I Kawamura, Taeko Dohi, Daisuke Takahashi, Shunsuke Kimura, Koji Hase
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining epithelial barrier function. Although multiple studies have demonstrated the significance of dietary factors on gut microbiota and mucosal barrier function, the impact of a purified diet, which has long been used in various animal experiments, on intestinal homeostasis remains to be elucidated. Here, we compared the impact of two different types of diets, a crude diet and an AIN-93G-formula purified diet, on epithelial integrity and the gut microbiota. Purified diet-fed mice exhibited shorter villi and crypt lengths and slower epithelial turnover, particularly in the ileum...
January 23, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38227765/recent-advances-in-the-epithelial-barrier-theory
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yagiz Pat, Duygu Yazici, Paolo D'Avino, Manru Li, Sena Ardicli, Ozge Ardicli, Yasutaka Mitamura, Mübeccel Akdis, Raja Dhir, Kari Nadeau, Ioana Agache, Ismail Ogulur, Cezmi A Akdis
The epithelial barrier theory links the recent rise in chronic non-communicable diseases, notably autoimmune and allergic disorders, to environmental agents disrupting the epithelial barrier. Global pollution and environmental toxic agent exposure have worsened over six decades because of uncontrolled growth, modernisation, and industrialisation, affecting human health. Introducing new chemicals without any reasonable control of their health effects through these years has led to documented adverse effects, especially on the skin and mucosal epithelial barriers...
January 16, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38189591/trends-in-cell-medicine-from-autologous-cells-to-allogeneic-universal-use-cells-for-adoptive-t-cell-therapies
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroshi Kawamoto, Kyoko Masuda
In currently ongoing adoptive T cell therapies, T cells collected from patients are given back to them after ex-vivo activation and expansion. In some cases, T cells are transduced with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T cell receptor (TCR) genes during the ex-vivo culture period in order to endow T cells with the desired antigen specificity. Although such strategies have been shown to be effective in some types of cancer, there remain issues to be solved: (i) the limited number of cells, (ii) it is time-consuming, (iii) it is costly, and (iv) the quality can be unstable...
January 8, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38180817/regulation-of-innate-immune-and-inflammatory-responses-by-supersulfides
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroyasu Tsutsuki, Tianli Zhang, Takaaki Akaike, Tomohiro Sawa
Innate immunity plays an important role in host defense against microbial infections. It also participates in activation of acquired immunity through cytokine production and antigen presentation. Pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors and nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors sense invading pathogens and associated tissue injury, after which inflammatory mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide are induced. Supersulfides are molecular species possessing catenated sulfur atoms such as persulfide and polysulfide moieties...
January 5, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38175650/the-role-of-ifn-%C3%AE-mediated-host-immune-responses-in-monitoring-and-the-elimination-of-toxoplasma-gondii-infection
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fumiaki Ihara, Masahiro Yamamoto
Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogenic protozoan parasite of the Apicomplexa family that affects approximately 30% of the world's population. Symptoms are usually mild in immunocompetent hosts, but it can pose significant health risks to immunosuppressed patients and pregnant women. Current treatment options are limited, and new therapies and vaccines are needed. The innate immune system is the first to recognize T. gondii infection and activates pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to promote acquired immunity...
January 4, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38169425/down-regulation-of-tcf7-and-lef1-is-a-key-determinant-of-tumor-infiltrating-regulatory-t-cell-function
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujiro Kidani, Yohko Kitagawa, Masaki Hagiwara, Atsunari Kawashima, Takayuki Kanazawa, Hisashi Wada, Motohide Uemura, Norio Nonomura, Daisuke Motooka, Shota Nakamura, Naganari Ohkura, Shimon Sakaguchi
Foxp3-expressing regulatory T (Treg) cells play essential roles in immune homeostasis, but also contribute to establish a favorable environment for tumor growth by suppressing anti-tumor immune responses. It is thus necessary to specifically target tumor-infiltrating Treg cells to minimize effects on immune homeostasis in cancer immunotherapy. However, molecular features that distinguish tumor-infiltrating Treg cells from those in secondary lymphoid organs remain unknown. Here we characterize distinct features of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells by global analyses of transcriptome and chromatin landscape...
January 3, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38164992/t-cell-help-in-the-germinal-center-homing-in-on-the-role-of-il-21
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lina Petersone, Lucy S K Walker
Interleukin 21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is overproduced in multiple autoimmune settings. Provision of IL-21 from follicular helper T cells is an important component of T cell help within germinal centers (GC), and the last few years have seen a resurgence of interest in IL-21 biology in the context of the GC environment. While it has been more than a decade since T cell-derived IL-21 was found to upregulate B cell expression of GC master transcription factor Bcl-6 and to promote GC expansion, several recent studies have collectively delivered significant new insights into how this cytokine shapes GC B cell selection, proliferation, and fate choice...
January 2, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38153198/traf6-signaling-in-t-cells-is-crucial-for-the-pathogenicity-of-experimental-autoimmune-encephalomyelitis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naganori Kamiyama, Benjawan Saechue, Nozomi Sachi, Astri Dewayani, Thanyakorn Chalalai, Sotaro Ozaka, Shimpei Ariki, Yasuhiro Soga, Yomei Kagoshima, Supanuch Ekronarongchai, Shinya Hidano, Takashi Kobayashi
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Although IL-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells are thought to be one of the exacerbating factors in MS, the underlying pathogenic mechanism is incompletely understood. TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) deficient T cells exhibited enhanced Th17 cell differentiation, however, the physiological relevance of TRAF6 in T cells remains unknown. Here, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in T cell-specific TRAF6 deficient (TRAF6ΔT) mice to investigate the role of TRAF6 in T cells during the course of MS using an EAE model...
December 28, 2023: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38147536/aberrant-monocytopoiesis-drives-granuloma-development-in-sarcoidosis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryosuke Hiranuma, Ryota Sato, Kiyoshi Yamaguchi, Satoshi Nakamizo, Kenichi Asano, Takuma Shibata, Ryutaro Fukui, Yoichi Furukawa, Kenji Kabashima, Kensuke Miyake
In sarcoidosis, granulomas develop in multiple organs including the liver and lungs. Although mTORC1 activation in macrophages drives granuloma development in sarcoidosis by enhancing macrophage proliferation, little is known about the macrophage subsets that proliferate and mature into granuloma macrophages. Here, we show that aberrantly increased monocytopoiesis gives rise to granulomas in a sarcoidosis model, in which Tsc2, a negative regulator of mTORC1, is conditionally deleted in CSF1R-expressing macrophages (Tsc2csf1rΔ mice)...
December 26, 2023: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38109859/flt3-signaling-augments-macrophage-production-from-human-pluripotent-stem-cells
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenji Kitajima, Minako Shingai, Hikaru Ando, Takahiko Hara
Recent advances in cell engineering technologies enable immune cells to be utilized for adoptive cell transfer (ACT) immunotherapy against cancers. Macrophages have the potential to directly and indirectly exterminate cancers and are therefore an attractive option for therapies. To develop new ACT therapies using macrophages, a great number of macrophages are required. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are expected to be a source of macrophages; therefore, a system to efficiently produce macrophages from human iPSCs is needed...
December 18, 2023: International Immunology
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