Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry

SIGNIFICANCE: Highly hyperopic children are at greater risk for developing conditions such as strabismus, amblyopia, and early literacy and reading problems. High hyperopia is a common finding in infants in a pediatric medical practice, and early detection can be done effectively in that setting with tropicamide autorefraction. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a pilot screening program to detect high hyperopia in 2-month-old infants in a pediatric medical practice in Columbus, Ohio...

SIGNIFICANCE: Vision rehabilitation providers tend to recommend hand-held, illuminated optical magnifiers for short duration, spot reading tasks, but this study indicates they are also a viable option to improve sustained, continuous text reading (e.g., books or magazines), especially for visually impaired adults who read slowly with only spectacle-based near correction. PURPOSE: The utility of hand-held optical magnifiers for sustained silent reading tasks involving normal-sized, continuous text could be a valuable indication that is not recognized by vision rehabilitation providers and patients...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

SIGNIFICANCE: This study investigates how a new smartphone scanning technology compares with established online and storefront vendors in providing remote measurement and adjustment of prescription eyeglasses. PURPOSE: To evaluate a new technology for ordering prescription eyeglasses online. METHODS: Thirty participants with 2.00 to 2.75 diopter of presbyopia (aged 49 to 74 years) were asked to order eyeglasses with progressive addition lenses from four vendors: one online vendor using a new head scan technology (Topology), two established website-based vendors (Vendors A and B), and one storefront vendor: Université de Montréal's Vision Clinic (UMVC)...

SIGNIFICANCE: A more profound understanding of the relationship between ophthalmic findings and eye dominance is needed to guide the timely and proper treatment of binocular photic maculopathy or other macular degeneration. PURPOSE: A patient with binocular solar maculopathy presented with asymmetric ophthalmic manifestations and changes over 14 months of observation. Early recognition of solar maculopathy can be vital for early diagnosis and better prognosis. CASE REPORT: A 21-year-old male was reported to have blurred vision after staring directly at an annular solar eclipse several times for a few seconds on June 21, 2020...

SIGNIFICANCE: Wavefront-guided scleral lenses (WGSLs) reduce visually debilitating residual higher-order aberrations (HOAs). While reduced HOAs lead to improvement in monocular high contrast visual acuity (VA), the success of the lenses in everyday life depends on additional factors such as retinal contrast, binocular balance, and stereoacuity. PURPOSE: To report a case where WGSLs provided improved monocular vision compared to scleral lenses (SLs), but reduced binocularity and stereo acuity...

SIGNIFICANCE: Contrast sensitivity measurements using a computer display have been reported to lack accuracy when displaying small contrasts. This report investigates if the characterization / calibration of display luminance may contribute substantively to these kinds of described inaccuracies. PURPOSE: To investigate what errors in contrast sensitivity may result from characterizing a display by fitting a gamma curve through physical or psychophysical luminance measurement data...

SIGNIFICANCE: Acute infectious conjunctivitis poses significant challenges to eye care providers. It can be highly transmissible and as etiology is often presumed, correct treatment and management can be difficult. This study utilizes unbiased deep sequencing to identify causative pathogens of infectious conjunctivitis, potentially allowing for improved approaches to diagnosis and management. PURPOSES: To identified associated pathogens of acute infectious conjunctivitis in a single ambulatory eye care center...

SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study of the prevalence and faculty status of optometrists practicing at academic medical centers in the United States. PURPOSE: To quantify the number of optometrists at academic medical centers, along with faculty rank and postdoctoral training programs. METHODS: The official websites of academic medical centers and schools of medicine in the United States were examined during the 2021-22 academic year to identify departments of ophthalmology and collect faculty profiles of employed optometrists...

SIGNIFICANCE: This case highlights ocular side effects of a rare, potentially life-threatening complication from coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Papilledema can occur due to increased intracranial pressure caused by cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, the incidence of which may be more likely in patients with a history of COVID-19 due to an induced hypercoagulable state. PURPOSE: This case report presents a case of papilledema secondary to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a patient with a recent history of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

SIGNIFICANCE: Partial improvement in stereoacuity may be achieved by balancing the contrast input to the two eyes of patients with bilaterally asymmetric keratoconus. PURPOSE: Interocular differences in image quality, characterized by dissimilar contrast loss and phase shifts, is implicated in stereoacuity loss in keratoconus. This study determined whether contrast balancing improves stereoacuity in this disease condition, and, if so, whether it is dependent on the baseline interocular contrast imbalance...

SIGNIFICANCE: Uncorrected refractive error is the main cause of visual impairment in U.S. youth and has profound impacts on individuals and society. Identifying and addressing barriers to eyeglasses in this population is critical to maximize youth academic performance, workplace productivity, and quality of life. PURPOSE: We aimed to understand youth experiences with eye health, assess the value that youth place on vision, and identify barriers to refractive correction directly from a nationwide sample of youth to inform interventions to address uncorrected refractive error in this population...

SIGNIFICANCE: This case report demonstrates the use of novel imaging techniques and functional tests to longitudinally evaluate retinal structure and function following laser retinal injury. The structural and functional prognosis could be predicted with clinical findings, high-resolution retinal imaging, and functional testing. PURPOSE: We present a laser retinal injury case in which an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope and adaptive-optics-based psychophysics were used to examine and monitor the retinal structure and function after accidental exposure to a 1-watt infrared laser beam...

SIGNIFICANCE: This investigation reports the correlation of conjunctival viral titers in adenoviral conjunctivitis with patient-reported symptoms and clinician-graded signs over 21 days of follow-up. PURPOSE: Adenoviral conjunctivitis is a highly contagious viral eye infection with significant morbidity and economic impact. This study investigates whether severity of signs and symptoms and time to viral clearance are correlated with conjunctival viral titers at baseline and during 21 days of follow-up...

SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first literature review to report the epidemiology, patient burden, and economic burden of astigmatism in the general adult population. The unmet needs of astigmatism patients with co-existing ocular conditions (cataract, glaucoma, dry eye, presbyopia, or macular degeneration) and risks associated with untreated astigmatism are also reviewed and reported. PURPOSE: To identify, report and summarize the published literature on epidemiology, patient burden, and economic burden of astigmatism using a systematic literature review...

SIGNIFICANCE: Meibomian gland dysfunction reduces the quality and/or quantity of meibum. An association between dyslipidemia and meibomian gland dysfunction has been proposed, but this has not been estimated. Therefore, this study evaluates the odds of dyslipidemia in meibomian gland dysfunction. PURPOSE: To use meta-analysis to estimate the association between dyslipidemia and meibomian gland dysfunction. METHODS: The following databases were searched: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus...

SIGNIFICANCE: Mechanical factors are also associated with Meibomian gland dysregulation in patients with pterygium. Dry eye parameters were assessed, and the results support the association between pterygium and dry eye disease. PURPOSE: To investigate how Meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye parameters relate to the existence of pterygium. METHODS: Patients with pterygium and healthy volunteers of similar age and demographic characteristics were included...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.