journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521203/the-neurobiological-effects-of-senescence-on-dopaminergic-system-a-comprehensive-review
#1
REVIEW
Gabriel S Rocha, Marco Aurelio M Freire, Karina M Paiva, Rodrigo F Oliveira, Paulo Leonardo A G Morais, José Ronaldo Santos, José Rodolfo L P Cavalcanti
Over time, the body undergoes a natural, multifactorial, and ongoing process named senescence, which induces changes at the molecular, cellular, and micro-anatomical levels in many body systems. The brain, being a highly complex organ, is particularly affected by this process, potentially impairing its numerous functions. The brain relies on chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters to function properly, with dopamine being one of the most crucial. This catecholamine is responsible for a broad range of critical roles in the central nervous system, including movement, learning, cognition, motivation, emotion, reward, hormonal release, memory consolidation, visual performance, sexual drive, modulation of circadian rhythms, and brain development...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492895/olfactory-ensheathing-cells-as-candidate-cells-for-chronic-pain-treatment
#2
REVIEW
Mei-Chen Liu, Qing-Fa Guo, Wei-Wei Zhang, Hong-Liang Luo, Wen-Jun Zhang, Hai-Jun Hu
Chronic pain is often accompanied by tissue damage and pain hypersensitivity. It easily relapses and is challenging to cure, which seriously affects the patients' quality of life and is an urgent problem to be solved. Current treatment methods primarily rely on morphine drugs, which do not address the underlying nerve injury and may cause adverse reactions. Therefore, in recent years, scientists have shifted their focus from chronic pain treatment to cell transplantation. This review describes the classification and mechanism of chronic pain through the introduction of the characteristics of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), an in-depth discussion of special glial cells through the phagocytosis of nerve debris, receptor-ligand interactions, providing nutrition, and other inhibition of neuroinflammation, and ultimately supporting axon regeneration and mitigation of chronic pain...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490283/dna-methylation-altered-genes-in-the-rat-hippocampal-neurogenic-niche-after-continuous-exposure-to-amorphous-curcumin
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Tang, Ryota Ojiro, Shunsuke Ozawa, Xinyu Zou, Junta Nakahara, Tomohiro Nakao, Mihoko Koyanagi, Meilan Jin, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani
Rat offspring who are exposed to an amorphous formula of curcumin (CUR) from the embryonic stage have anti-anxiety-like behaviors, enhanced fear extinction learning, and increased synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). In the present study, we investigated the links between genes with altered methylation status in the neurogenic niche and enhanced neural functions after CUR exposure. We conducted methylation and RNA sequencing analyses of the DG of CUR-exposed rat offspring on day 77 after delivery...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460773/the-possible-protective-effect-of-l-cysteine-in-a-rat-model-of-sciatic-nerve-ischemia-reperfusion-a-possible-role-for-nrf1-and-caspase-3-biochemical-histological-immunohistochemical-study
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Mohamed Naguib Abdel Hafez, El-Shimaa M N Abdelhafez
Organ damage brought on by ischemia is exacerbated by the reperfusion process. L-Cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid that acts as a substrate for cystathionine-β-synthase in the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of L- cysteine against the structural and biochemical changes that occur in the rat sciatic nerve after ischemia reperfusion (I/R) and to address some of the underlying mechanisms of these effects. Rats were divided into 4 groups: sham, L cysteine, I/R, and L cysteine- I/R groups...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452468/oxytocin-receptor-expressing-neurons-in-the-lateral-parabrachial-nucleus-activate-widespread-brain-regions-predominantly-involved-in-fluid-satiation
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janine C M Jaramillo, Connor M Aitken, Andrew J Lawrence, Philip J Ryan
Fluid satiation is an important signal and aspect of body fluid homeostasis. Oxytocin-receptor-expressing neurons (OxtrPBN ) in the dorsolateral subdivision of the lateral parabrachial nucleus (dl LPBN) are key neurons which regulate fluid satiation. In the present study, we investigated brain regions activated by stimulation of OxtrPBN neurons in order to better characterise the fluid satiation neurocircuitry in mice. Chemogenetic activation of OxtrPBN neurons increased Fos expression (a proxy marker for neuronal activation) in known fluid-regulating brain nuclei, as well as other regions that have unclear links to fluid regulation and which are likely involved in regulating other functions such as arousal and stress relief...
March 6, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447905/the-neuroprotective-effects-of-baobab-and-black-seed-on-the-rat-hippocampus-exposed-to-a-900-mhz-electromagnetic-field
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamza Mohamed, Omur Gulsum Deniz, Suleyman Kaplan
This study investigated the potential effects on the hippocampus of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) disseminated by mobile phones and the roles of baobab (Adansonia digitata) (AD) and black seed (Nigella sativa) (BS) in mitigating these. Fifty-six male, 12-week-old Wistar albino rats were divided into eight groups of seven animals each. No EMF exposure was applied to the control, AD or BS groups, while the rats in the Sham group were placed in an EMF system with no exposure. A 900-MHz EMF was applied to the EMF+AD, EMF+BS, EMF+AD+BS and EMF groups for 1hour a day for 28 days...
March 4, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428651/curcumin-abrogates-cobalt-induced-neuroinflammation-by-suppressing-proinflammatory-cytokines-release-inhibiting-microgliosis-and-modulation-of-erk-mapk-signaling-pathway
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rademene S Oria, Godson E Anyanwu, Johnson N Nto, James O Ikpa
Curcumin, a bioactive polyphenol derived from turmeric, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. The current study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin in the hippocampal subfields (CA1 and CA3) after exposure to cobalt (Co) and the impact of ERK protein. Twenty-eight albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each with seven randomly selected rats as follows: Control (distilled water), Cobalt (Co) only (40mg/kg), 120mg/kg or 240mg/kg curcumin + Co (40mg/kg). Treatment was via oral gavage for 28 days...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423257/protective-effects-of-myricetin-and-morin-on-neurological-damage-in-a%C3%AE-1-42-al-3-induced-alzheimer-s-disease-model-of-rats
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linli Guo, Yanan Zhao, Zhengqiao Kong, Ruihua Liu, Ping Liu
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder with unclear pathogenesis. Single-target drugs have very limited efficacy in treating AD, but synthetic multi-target drugs have poor efficacy and safety. Therefore, finding suitable natural multi-target drugs against AD is of great interest for research studies. We chose two flavonols, myricetin and morin, for the relevant study. In this study, we used microinjection of Aβ1-42 oligomers into the CA1 region of rat hippocampus, combined with gavage of Aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl3 ·6H2 O) solution to establish AD rat models, and myricetin and morin were selected as intervening drugs to explore the protective effects against neurological impairment...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401660/elderberry-diet-enhances-motor-performance-and-reduces-neuroinflammation-induced-cell-death-in-cerebellar-ataxia-rat-models
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maryam Raoofi Nejad, Elham Siasi, Mohammad Amin Abdollahifar, Abbas Aliaghaei
Cerebellar ataxia (CA) is a condition in which cerebellar dysfunction results in movement disorders such as dysmetria, synergy and dysdiadochokinesia. This study investigates the therapeutic effects of elderberry (EB) diet on the 3-acetylpyridine-induced (3-AP) CA rat model. First, CA rat models were generated by 3-AP administration followed by elderberry diet treatment containing 2 % EB for 8 consecutive weeks. Motor performance, electromyographic activity and gene expression were then evaluated. The number of Purkinje neurons were evaluated by stereological methods...
February 23, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382581/investigating-the-impact-of-nutritional-insufficiency-on-parahippocampal-neurons-in-domestic-chickens-gallus-gallus-domesticus
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adarsh Kumar, Kavita Tamta, Hemlata Arya, Shweta Arya, Ram Chandra Maurya
Over time, scientists have been fascinated by the complex connections among nutrition, brain development, and behavior. It's been well understood that the brain's peak performance relies on having the right nutrients available. Thus, nutritional insufficiency, where an organism lacks vital nutrients crucial for optimal growth and function, can upset the body's balance, potentially triggering stress responses. However, our grasp of how the brain reacts to insufficient nutrition, particularly in avian species like domestic chickens, has shown inconsistencies in our understanding...
February 19, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38342332/the-protective-effect-of-methanolic-extract-of-verbascum-cheiranthifolium-and-biebersteinia-multifida-dc-on-hippocampus-damage-induced-by-diazinon-in-male-wistar-rats-an-experimental-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir Delavar, Fatemeh Rahimi Anbarkeh, Raheleh Baradaran, Zohreh Arab, Seyed Hamidreza Rastegar Moghaddam, Mahmoud Hosseini, Mohammad Reza Nikravesh, Shahin Saeidi Nejat, Mehdi Jalali
Diazinon (DZN) an organophosphate (OP), with the most important mechanism of action of DZN being induction of oxidative stress (OS) and inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Verbascum cheiranthifolium (VER) and Biebersteinia multifida (BM) belong to the Scrophulariaceae and Biebersteiniaceae family respectively. These plants are widely used in Iranian traditional medicine due to their beneficial effects. Thus, this research aimed to appraise the protective effects of the methanolic extract of the VER and BM on changes in the level of expression of α7 and α4 subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in hippocampus (HPC) of DZN-treated rats...
February 9, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38342331/spexin-and-nesfatin-1-expressing-neurons-in-the-male-human-claustrum
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Artur Pałasz, Anna Lipiec-Borowicz, Aleksandra Suszka-Świtek, Julia Kistowska, Petra Horka, Andrzej Kaśkosz, Aneta Piwowarczyk-Nowak, John J Worthington, Kinga Mordecka-Chamera
Neuropeptides are involved in numerous brain activities being responsible for a wide spectrum of higher mental functions. The purpose of this concise, structural and qualitative investigation was to map the possible immunoreactivity of the novel regulatory peptides: spexin (SPX) and nesfatin-1 within the human claustrum. SPX is a newly identified peptide, a natural ligand for the galanin receptors (GALR) 2/3, with no molecular structure similarities to currently known regulatory factors. SPX seems to have multiple physiological functions, with an involvement in reproduction and food-intake regulation recently revealed in animal studies...
February 9, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331230/the-assessment-of-neuronal-plasticity-following-sciatic-nerve-injuries-in-rats-using-electron-microscopy-and-stereological-methods
#13
REVIEW
Burcu Delibaş, John-Mary Vianney, Süleyman Kaplan
The transmission of signals to the cell body from injured axons induces significant alterations in primary sensory neurons located in the ganglion tissue, the site of the perikaryon of the affected nerve fibers. Disruption of the continuity between the proximal and distal ends leads to substantial adaptability in ganglion cells and induces macrophage-like activity in the satellite cells. Research findings have demonstrated the plasticity of satellite cells following injury. Satellite cells work together with sensory neurons to extend the interconnected surface area in order to permit effective communication...
February 6, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331229/tetrahydropiperine-a-natural-alkaloid-with-neuroprotective-effects-in-ischemic-stroke
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongyan Ren, Qianqian Yuan, Jiayuan Lu, Siyu Xi, Yanbo Liu, Guangyu Yang, Zhixi Xie, Bo Wang, Li Ma, Xueyan Fu, Juan Liu, Yiwei Zhang
BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a life-threatening neurological disease with various pathological mechanisms. Tetrahydropiperine (THP) is a natural alkaloid with protective effects against multiple diseases, such as seizure, and pain. This study was to examine the impact of THP on IS and investigate its potential mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to identify the target proteins of THP for intervention in IS...
February 6, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38320670/the-effects-of-garcinia-kola-and-curcumin-on-the-dorsal-root-ganglion-of-the-diabetic-rat-after-peripheral-nerve-transection-injury
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abit Aktaş, Funda Yiğit, Burcu Delibaş, Arife Ahsen Kaplan, Hala Mahgoub Hamour, Abdullah Hilmi Marangoz, Ayşenur Kaya, Gamze Altun, Süleyman Kaplan
OBJECTIVE: To test the protective effects of Garcinia kola and curcumin on the ganglion tissues of diabetic rats following the use of autologous vein graft in peripheral nerve transection injury. METHODS: The sciatic nerve on the right side was transected, and anastomosis was performed between the proximal and distal ends using an autologous vein graft. Curcumin and Garcinia kola seed extract were administered daily by oral gavage. The ganglion tissues were harvested after a 90-day waiting period...
February 4, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246265/oxyberberine-protects-middle-cerebral-artery-occlusion-triggered-cerebral-injury-through-tlr4-nlrp3-pathway-in-rats
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziaur Rahman, Arbaz Sujat Shaikh, K Venkata Rao, Manoj P Dandekar
Cerebral ischemia is a life-threatening health concern that leads to serious neurological complications and fatalities worldwide. However, the neuroprotective effect of berberine (BBR) has been reported in ischemic stroke with low oral bioavailability. Herein, for the first time, we used oxyberberine (OBB), a derivative of BBR, to study the neuroprotective effect in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-generated neurological consequences in Sprague-Dawley rats. The MCAO-operated rats exhibited significant somatosensory and sensorimotor dysfunctions in adhesive removal, foot fault, paw whisker, and rotarod assays at 1 and 3 days post-surgery...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38237746/the-habenula-in-parkinson-s-disease-anatomy-function-and-implications-for-mood-disorders-a-narrative-review
#17
REVIEW
Bedia Samanci, Sonny Tan, Stijn Michielse, Mark L Kuijf, Yasin Temel
Parkinson's disease (PD), a widespread neurodegenerative disorder, often coexists with mood disorders. Degeneration of serotonergic neurons in brainstem raphe nuclei have been linked to depression and anxiety. Additionally, the locus coeruleus and its noradrenergic neurons are among the first areas to degenerate in PD and contribute to stress, emotional memory, motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms. Another brain region of interest is habenula, which is especially related to anti-reward processing, and its function has recently been linked to PD and to mood-related symptoms...
January 16, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38228242/chemical-components-and-against-alzheimer-s-disease-effects-of-the-calyxes-of-physalis-alkekengi-l-var-franchetii-mast-makino
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Teng, Jia Gao, Tian Tan, Xiangrong Zhang, Yuliang Wang, Jiaguang Zhang, Lei Ni
Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino (PA), a traditional Chinese medicine, is utilized for treating dermatitis, sore throat, dysuria, and cough. This research aimed to identify the main constituents in the four extracted portions from the calyces of PA (PAC) utilizing ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice model was induced by D-galactose (D-gal) combined with aluminium chloride (AlCl3 )...
January 14, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219812/the-effects-of-induced-type-i-diabetes-on-developmental-regulation-of-gdnf-nrtn-and-ncam-proteins-in-the-dentate-gyrus-of-male-rat-offspring
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamideh Mostafaee, Faezeh Idoon, Mina Mohasel-Roodi, Fatemeh Alipour, Nasim Lotfi, Akram Sadeghi
BACKGROUND: Maternal diabetes during pregnancy can affect the neurological development of offspring. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), and neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) are three important proteins for brain development. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impacts of the mentioned neurotrophic factors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of rat offspring born to diabetic mothers. METHODS: Wistar female rats were randomly allocated into diabetic (STZ-D) [(45 mg/kg BW, STZ (Streptozotocin), i...
January 12, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38215799/astrocyte-response-to-melatonin-treatment-in-rats-under-high-carbohydrate-high-fat-diet
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Davood Dorranipour, Fahimeh Pourjafari, Reza Malekpour-Afshar, Mohsen Basiri, Mehran Hosseini
The involvement of consumption of high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet in cognitive impairment is attributed, at least in part, to the activation of astrocytes, which contributes to the development of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and subsequent cognitive deficits. This study aimed to assess the influence of melatonin on cognitive impairment and astrogliosis induced by the HCHF diet in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed an HCHF diet for eight weeks to induce obesity and metabolic syndrome. Subsequently, they received oral melatonin treatment for four weeks at doses of 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 30 mg/kg, alongside the HCHF diet...
January 10, 2024: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
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