Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine : IJNM : the Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India

A 40-year-old male patient with pulmonary tuberculosis was subjected to a perfusion lung scan to rule out pulmonary embolism. Administration of technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin through preexisting venous access resulted in multiple round hot spots in both pulmonary fields. This finding was interpreted as an artifact caused by injection through preexisting venous access.

Chylothorax refers to the accumulation of triglyceride-rich fluid (chyle) within the pleural space. We described a case of spontaneous chylothorax in an infant. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed with 99 m-Tc sulfur colloid which showed tracer accumulation into thoracic cavity, and single-photon emission computed tomography/CT (SPECT/CT) revealed leak in the thoracic duct at D8 vertebral level as the cause. We, thus, emphasize the role of lymphoscintigraphy with SPECT/CT in identification of cause and guiding the management of chylothorax, especially when surgical treatment is planned...

We report a rare case of nocardiosis with increased F-18 Fludeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) uptake in widespread abscess foci of Nocardia farcinica infection in an immunocompromised patient on positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. A relatively infrequent cause of nocardiosis, N . farcinica is an opportunistic infection that may present with clinically aggressive disseminated disease. Whole-body F-18 FDG-PET/CT allows identifying the extent of disease, as well as monitoring response to therapy in patients with nocardiosis especially the disseminated form...

In this note, it was aimed to describe a 66-year-old patient for ischemia evaluation following the episodes of chest discomfort using dipyridamole stress-rest myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Invasive coronary angiography demonstrated a total occlusion of the right coronary artery (RCA) and prominent RCA intracoronary collateral (Kugel's artery) associated with nonviable, infarcted myocardium in the inferior wall of left ventricular LV on myocardial perfusion SPECT. Thus, recanalization of RCA was not performed in our patient...

A 53-year-old female, with a known case of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for initial staging, which revealed FDG avid large left suprarenal mass contiguous with hypermetabolic tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava (IVC) through the left renal vein. Thereafter, she underwent angiogenesis imaging using Ga-68-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT, which showed similar avid tracer uptake in both primary and IVC thrombus. Demonstration of RGD avidity in ACC in this case opens a new horizon for targeted radionuclide therapy (e...

PSP and CBD are usually multi system sporadic disorders characterized by tau inclusions in neurons and glia. The clinical and neuroimaging features are different .However in some cases overlapping of features are noted. Here we present a case of a 65 years old female patient, presenting a 3 years history of insidious onset of asymmetric right upper and lower limb dystonia, followed by slowness, falls and injuries to the back, Parkinsonism, urinary incontinence and cognitive dysfunction and upward gaze palsy...

Askin's tumors are rare malignant neoplasms located in the thoracopulmonary region and mainly occur in children and adolescents. In this report, we describe a case of histologically proven Askin's tumor in a 24-year-old male. The patient was admitted with a history of 3-month lower back pain and with a rare presentation of paraparesis.

Kohler's disease (KD) is a rare disorder of the foot in children where there is avascular necrosis of the navicular bone (NB). It presents with pain and limping and is often misdiagnosed as an infection. However, by adding single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) of the foot, the lesion is localized to the NB, leading to the diagnosis of KD. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with limping and foot pain, who underwent a bone scan using Tc-99m hydroxydiphosphonate and SPECT-CT of the feet...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation between metabolic response with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) and pathological response in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and to study FDG-PET parameters for the prediction of pathological response and outcome. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer underwent two FDG-PET/CT scans for initial staging and after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy...

COVID-19 disease was spread rapidly on a global scale. Corticosteroids were believed to reduce the inflammatory lung injury, however, its side effects include increased secondary infections, immunomodulation, and manifestation of latent diabetes mellitus. The incidence of mucormycosis infection was high in post COVID-19-infected patients. Mucormycosis of femur in patients of post-COVID-19 infection was extremely rare and not yet reported. We report a case of COVID-19 recovered patient with mucormycosis of right distal femur, who underwent 18Ffluorodeoxyglucose (18FFDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for additional sites of disease...

PURPOSE: The performance ability of position logic circuitry of gamma-camera to superimpose the X-Y gains obtained from different pulse height analyzers is multiple window spatial registration (MWSR). This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of dual-tracer method using 99m Tc and 131 I to assess MWSR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The procedure was carried out on a dual-head gamma-camera with rectangular NaI (Tl) crystal using a point source containing 99m Tc pertechnetate and 131 I-NaI...

AIM/BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become the standard of care for nodal staging in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as an alternative to elective neck dissection. However, the role of sentinel lymph node (SLN) and lymphatic drainage mapping with image-guided surgery has not been studied in locally advanced OSCC. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the role of lymphatic drainage mapping in the identification of contralateral cervical lymph node metastasis in locally advanced OSCC (Stage III-IVb)...

Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (anti-GAD65) autoantibodies have been identified in variety of rare neurologic disorders most frequently in stiff-person syndrome (SPS), condition characterized by muscle rigidity and overlying painful spasms, typically affecting axial and limb musculature. In anti-GAD65-related neurologic disorder, malignancy screening is often performed with 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT). Here, we present an interesting image of 18FFDG PET/CT whole body showing muscle uptake and FDG brain showing thalamic hypometabolism in SPS...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high mortality rate due to the diagnosis of patients at advanced stages and ineffective systemic therapies. Immunotherapy is considered a new treatment option for unresectable HCC alternatives to the limitations of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. In this case report, we reported that transarterial radioembolization and immunotherapy such as atezolizumab and bevacizumab can be used together in a manner effectively in the management of HCC treatment.

Tuberculosis (TB) is currently the world's leading cause of infectious mortality. Infective complications are common after renal transplantation. TB is one of the leading infections following renal transplantation; however, TB affecting the transplanted kidney is a rare presentation. Reactivation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most common mode of infection. The use of immunosuppressive agents such as cyclosporin, azathioprine, and steroids advance the onset of TB to an earlier date which most often presents as a fever or pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO)...

Diagnosis of cardiac infections, which includes infective endocarditis (IE) and cardiac device infections, despite having a high death rate, is still challenging. Frequently used modalities such as echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging cannot confirm the presence of an active infection or extracardiac findings. Taking these things to consideration, newer guidelines have suggested the inclusion of 18 F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18 F FDG PET/CT) in the workup of patients with suspected prosthetic valve IE...

The incidence of port-site metastases (PSMs) varies with the tumor type with adenocarcinoma having a high incidence. However, it is rarely seen in urological malignancies and more so in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We hereby describe one such case of PSM after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for RCC, which was detected on 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography.

Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the prostate is an extremely rare entity which represents <1% of the prostatic cancers, but with increasing incidence. Its spectrum encompasses several histological variants ranging from well-differentiated tumor which are often indolent in nature; to aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma which portends aggressive management. Hence, such rare entities are to be characterized and treated accordingly. We report an unusual case of well-differentiated NET of prostate which was flagged on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) performed for other indication and confirmed on Gallium-68 DOTANOC PET/CT...

INTRODUCTION: The objective of the study was to compress 99m-Tc TRODAT single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan image using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) into an acceptable compressed image and then calculate the compression factor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SVD of every image from the image dataset of 2256 images (of forty-eight 99m-Tc TRODAT SPECT studies [48 studies X 47 trans-axial images = 2256 trans-axial images]) was computed and after truncating singular values smaller than a threshold, the compressed image was reconstructed...

Planar whole-body bone scanning (WBS) is widely used to evaluate skeletal lesions seen in cancer and noncancer cases. Frequently, degenerative, or other benign bony changes may give rise to indeterminate lesions that mimic bone metastases. In the post-COVID-19 era, there is an evolutionary phase that puts importance on global development and adaptability, which encompasses to include nuclear medicine practices worldwide. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) can be used to improve the characterization of these lesions and help to resolve the diagnostic conundrum while reducing the need for patients to undergo multiple different examinations at various imaging departments...