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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Kolarczyková, Pavlína Lysková, Michaela Švarcová, Ivana Kuklová, Radim Dobiáš, Naďa Mallátová, Miroslav Kolařík, Vit Hubka
BACKGROUND: Terbinafine, an allylamine antifungal, is crucial for treating dermatophytosis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway. However, resistance is emerging, particularly in India and Southeast Asia, but reports of resistance spread worldwide. Despite this, comprehensive studies on terbinafine resistance in Trichophyton are still limited. OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to determine the prevalence of terbinafine resistance in the Czech Republic, with a focus on Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms...
February 2024: Mycoses
#22
REVIEW
Vítor Falcão de Oliveira, Júlia Figueiredo Petrucci, Mariane Taborda, Pedro Zanetta Brener, Pedro Guilherme De Barros Brito Kremer, Bruno Azevedo Randi, Adriana Satie Gonçalves Kono Magri, Marcello Mihailenko Chaves Magri, Anna S Levin, Guilherme Diogo Silva
BACKGROUND: The clinical features of central nervous system (CNS) sporotrichosis are derived from case reports and a limited series of cases. Our objective was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of CNS sporotrichosis. METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and LILACS on 9 September 2023. Our inclusion criteria were documentation of Sporothrix and demonstrated CNS involvement. A metaproportion or metamean analysis was performed to estimate a summary proportion with 95% confidence intervals...
February 2024: Mycoses
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, Valliappan Muthu, Sahajal Dhooria, Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad, Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy, Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal, Mandeep Garg, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Ritesh Agarwal
BACKGROUND: Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgG estimation is crucial for diagnosing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). A point-of-care LDBio immunochromatographic lateral flow assay (LFA) had 0%-90% sensitivity to detect IgG/IgM antibodies against A. fumigatus. OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of LDBio-LFA in diagnosing ABPA, using the modified ISHAM-ABPA working group criteria as the reference standard. The secondary objective was to compare the diagnostic performance between LDBio-LFA and A...
February 2024: Mycoses
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shigeaki Hattori, Tsuyoshi Oguma, Takashi Ishiguro, Junko Suzuki, Koichi Fukunaga, Terufumi Shimoda, Hirokazu Kimura, Yasushi Obase, Naoki Okada, Jun Tanaka, Asako Kitahara, Katsuyoshi Tomomatsu, Yoshiki Shiraishi, Koichiro Asano
BACKGROUND: High-attenuation mucus (HAM) is a specific manifestation of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) on chest computed tomography (CT). OBJECTIVES: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the two definitions of HAM and to clarify the clinical and radiographic characteristics of HAM-positive and HAM-negative ABPM. METHODS: CT images at the diagnosis of ABPM using Asano's criteria were retrospectively analysed. In Study #1, radiographic data obtained using the same CT apparatus in a single institute were analysed to determine the agreement between the two definitions of HAM: a mucus plug that is visually denser than the paraspinal muscles or that with a radiodensity ≥70 Hounsfield units...
February 2024: Mycoses
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rashmi Parihar, Upendra Singh, Anupam Das, Bikash Baishya, Vikramjeet Singh, S C Ahirwar, Sana Islahi, Manodeep Sen, Vineeta Mittal
BACKGROUND: Superficial mycoses are fungal infections limited to the outermost layers of the skin and its appendages. The chief causative agents of these mycoses are dermatophytes and yeasts. The diagnosis of dermatophytosis can be made by direct mycological examination with potassium hydroxide (10%-30%) of biological material obtained from patients with suspected mycosis, providing results more rapid than fungal cultures, which may take days or weeks. This information, together with clinical history and laboratory diagnosis, ensures that the appropriate treatment is initiated promptly...
February 2024: Mycoses
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arul Balasubramanian, Nazer Ali Akbar Ali, Atchaya Pugazhenthi, Kannan Gopalan, Silambarasan Tamil Selvan, Kothai Ramalingam
BACKGROUND: Dermatophytosis is very common among all age groups throughout the world. The incidence of the same is increasing on a steady basis. AIM: Estimating the clinical prevalence of dermatophytes mycoses among the patients visiting the outpatient unit and assessing its distinct manifestations. METHODOLOGY: A prospective observational study was conducted with the patients attending the Skin and STD outpatient unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Salem...
February 2024: Mycoses
#27
REVIEW
Firoozeh Kermani, Jamshid Yazdani Charati, Behrad Roohi, Azam Moslemi, Azadeh Bandeghani, Leila Faeli, Tahereh Shokohi, Emmanuel Roilides
Scedosporium/Lomentospora species exist as saprophytic moulds that can potentially lead to serious infections in patients who have experienced near-drowning incidents. Scedosporium species are distributed across different regions of the world while Lomentospora prolificans has quite a restricted geographic distribution. We aimed to systematically review scedosporiosis cases after near-drowning, their clinical manifestations, underlying diseases, treatments, outcomes and its impact through disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)...
February 2024: Mycoses
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anuj Ajayababu, Gagandeep Singh, Ved Prakash Meena, Ashish Datt Upadhyay, Bhaskar Rana, Prayas Sethi, Bindu Prakash, Amandeep Singh, Surabhi Vyas, Sanjeev Sinha, Immaculata Xess, Naveet Wig, Sushil Kumar Kabra, Animesh Ray
BACKGROUND: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) galactomannan (GM) is commonly used to diagnose Aspergillus-related lung diseases. However, unlike serum GM, which is measured in undiluted blood, BAL-GM is estimated using variable aliquots and cumulative volume of instillates during bronchoscopy. OBJECTIVE: Since different studies have reported varying diagnostic accuracy and cut-offs for BAL-GM in CPA, we hypothesized that the total volume of instillate and 'order/label' of aliquots significantly affects the BAL-GM values, which was evaluated as part of this study...
January 2024: Mycoses
#29
REVIEW
Amanda Bombassaro, Julia Marcondes Figueiredo, Carlos P Taborda, Leo A B Joosten, Vania A Vicente, Flavio Queiroz-Telles, Jacques F Meis, Brenda Kischkel
Fungal skin infections are distributed worldwide and can be associated with economic and social traits. The immune response related to skin cells is complex and its understanding is essential to the comprehension of each cell's role and the discovery of treatment alternatives. The first studies of trained immunity (TI) described the ability of monocytes, macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells to develop a memory-like response. However, the duration of TI does not reflect the shorter lifespan of these cells...
January 2024: Mycoses
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María de Los Ángeles Mantecón-Vallejo, Aina Mesquida, María de Valle Ortiz, Luis Buzón-Martín, Sergio Ossa-Echeverri, Lourdes Fisac-Cuadrado, Gregoria Megías-Lobón, María Pilar Ortega-Lafont, Patricia Muñoz, Pilar Escribano, Jesús Guinea
BACKGROUND: Fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis (FRCP) is a matter of concern in Spain. OBJECTIVES: We here report a FRCP spread across a 777-bed referral hospital located in Burgos, Spain, during the COVID-19 pandemic. PATIENTS/METHODS: In April 2021, an FRCP isolate (MIC = 64 mg/L, E-test®) from a hospitalised patient was detected. Up to June 2022, all C. parapsilosis isolates (n = 35) from hospitalised patients (n = 32) were stored and genotyped using microsatellite markers, and their antifungal susceptibilities were studied (EUCAST); FRCP isolates were molecularly characterised...
January 2024: Mycoses
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun Li, Deyan Chen, Shuyi Liu, Junfeng Lin, Wei Wang, Jinhai Huang, Lunfang Tan, Lina Liang, Zhufeng Wang, Kang Peng, Qiasheng Li, Wenhua Jian, Youwen Zhang, Chengbao Peng, Huai Chen, Xia Zhang, Jinping Zheng
BACKGROUND: The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the discrimination between pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LA) warrants further research. OBJECTIVES: To compare the performances of AI models with clinicians in distinguishing PC from LA on chest CT. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with confirmed PC or LA were retrospectively recruited from three tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou. A deep learning framework was employed to develop two models: an undelineated supervised training (UST) model utilising original CT images, and a delineated supervised training (DST) model utilising CT images with manual lesion annotations provided by physicians...
January 2024: Mycoses
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia A Cox, Elias K Manavathu, Sushama Wakade, Matthew Myntti, Jose A Vazquez
Candida species are now considered global threats by the CDC and WHO. Candida auris specifically is on the critical pathogen threat list along with Candida albicans. In addition, it is not uncommon to find Candida spp. in a mixed culture with bacterial organisms, especially Staphylococcus aureus producing polymicrobial infections. To eradicate these organisms from the environment and from patient surfaces, surface agents such as chlorhexidine (CHD) and Puracyn are used. Biofilm disrupters (BDs) are novel agents with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and have been used in the management of chronic wounds and to sterilise environmental surfaces for the past several years...
January 2024: Mycoses
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jae Joon Jeon, You Hyun Kim, Sung Ha Lim, Solam Lee, Eung Ho Choi
BACKGROUND: In superficial fungal infections, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent the spread of infection and minimise the impact on patients' quality of life. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as KOH smear and fungal culture, have limitations in terms of sensitivity and turnaround time. Recently, the PCR-reverse blot hybridization assay (PCR-REBA) has been developed for the direct detection of dermatophyte DNA. However, there is a lack of information assessing the diagnostic accuracy of PCR-REBA...
January 2024: Mycoses
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selda Aydın, Ali Mert, Mesut Yılmaz, Muna Al Maslamani, Bilal Ahmad Rahimi, Folusakin Ayoade, Amani El-Kholy, Maya Belitova, Buket Erturk Sengel, Sabah Jalal, Ayşe Albayrak, Jamayel Adnan Alatawi, Balint Gergely Szabo, Ramesh Shankar Ganeshan, Emmanuel Nsutebu, Aruna Poojary, Yasemin Akkoyunlu, Sevil Alkan, Dilşah Başkol Elik, Gulden Eser-Karlidag, Lurdes Santos, Ruxandra Moroti, Nilgün Altın, Esra Gürbüz, Tülay Ünver Ulusoy, Oğuz Reşat Sipahi, Hülya Çaşkurlu, Aliye Esmaoğlu, Botond Lakatos, Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed, Andrea Marıno, Antonio Cascio, Alexandru Mihai, Irina Magdalena Dumitru, Natalia Pshenichnaya, Rezaul Karim Ripon, Mateja Jankovic Makek, Naveed Rashid, Rusmir Baljić, Cosmin Dascalu, Gülden Sincan, Yeşim Uygun Kızmaz, Berk Madendere, Hakan Erdem
BACKGROUND: During the COVID pandemic, research has shown an increase in candidemia cases following severe COVID infection and the identification of risk factors associated with candidemia. However, there is a lack of studies that specifically explore clinical outcomes and mortality rates related to candidemia after COVID infection. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this international study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and identify factors influencing mortality in patients who developed candidemia during their COVID infection...
January 2024: Mycoses
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun Luo, Jin-Feng Tang, Fei-Fei Gao, Juan-Hua Quan, Chuan-Ting Ma, Shi-Jie Li, Yi-Ming Fan
CIITA, a member of NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, is the major MHC II trans-activator and mediator of Th1 immunity, but its function and interaction with NLRP3 have been little studied. We found activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, increased expression of CIITA, CBP, pSTAT1, STAT1, MHC II, IFN-γ and IFN-γ-inducible chemokines (CCL1 and CXCL8), and colocalisation of NLRP3 with CIITA in Malassezia folliculitis lesions, Malassezia globosa-infected HaCaT cells and mouse skin. CoIP with anti-CIITA or anti-NLRP3 antibody pulled down NLRP3 or both CIITA and ASC...
January 2024: Mycoses
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji Eun Na, Sung Hoon Jung, Arum Choi, Sukil Kim, Tae-Oh Kim
BACKGROUND: Limited reports exist regarding invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the incidence and risk factors of IFDs, specifically invasive candidiasis, aspergillosis and pneumocystosis, in IBD patients in South Korea using nationwide data. PATIENTS/METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort of 42,913 IBD patients between January 2010 and December 2018 was evaluated using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database...
January 2024: Mycoses
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manpreet Dhaliwal, Valliappan Muthu, Arunima Sharma, Khem Raj, Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy, Ritesh Agarwal, Harsimran Kaur, Amit Rawat, Surjit Singh, Arunaloke Chakrabarti
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis (CAPM) remain unclear. We use a transcriptomic analysis of the innate immune cells to investigate the host immune and metabolic response pathways in patients with CAPM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled subjects with CAPM (n = 5), pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) without COVID-19 (n = 5), COVID-19 (without mucormycosis, n = 5), healthy controls (n = 5) without comorbid illness and negative for SARS-CoV-2...
January 2024: Mycoses
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eloy E Ordaya, Omar M Abu Saleh, Paschalis Vergidis, Sharon M Deml, Nancy L Wengenack, Madiha Fida
BACKGROUND: There are no established clinical breakpoints for antifungal agents against Cryptococcus species; however, epidemiological cut-off values can help distinguish wild-type (WT) isolates without any acquired resistance from non-WT strains, which may harbour resistance mechanisms. PATIENTS/METHODS: We describe the trends of antifungal MICs and percentages of WT C. neoformans species complex (CNSC) isolates processed in our reference laboratory from November 2011 to June 2021...
January 2024: Mycoses
#39
REVIEW
Aditya K Gupta, Boni Elewski, Warren S Joseph, Shari R Lipner, C Ralph Daniel, Antonella Tosti, Eric Guenin, Mahmoud Ghannoum
A growing body of literature has marked the emergence and spread of antifungal resistance among species of Trichophyton, the most prevalent cause of toenail and fingernail onychomycosis in the United States and Europe. We review published data on rates of oral antifungal resistance among Trichophyton species; causes of antifungal resistance and methods to counteract it; and in vitro data on the role of topical antifungals in the treatment of onychomycosis. Antifungal resistance among species of Trichophyton against terbinafine and itraconazole-the two most common oral treatments for onychomycosis and other superficial fungal infections caused by dermatophytes-has been detected around the globe...
January 2024: Mycoses
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Graciela Hernández-Silva, Dora E Corzo-León, Eduardo Becerril-Vargas, Amy Bethel Peralta-Prado, Rodríguez-Ganes Odalis, Fernando Morales-Villarreal, Martin Armando Ríos-Ayala, Tortoriello-Garza Alonso, Fernández-López David Agustín, Avilez-Félix Ramón, Ahumada-Topete Víctor Hugo
BACKGROUND: Damage due to respiratory viruses increases the risk of bacterial and fungal coinfections and superinfections. High rates of invasive aspergillosis are seen in severe influenza and COVID-19. This report describes CAPA cases diagnosed during the first wave in the biggest reference centre for severe COVID-19 in Mexico. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical, microbiological and radiological characteristics of patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with critical COVID-19, as well as to describe the variables associated with mortality...
January 2024: Mycoses
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