journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37736686/evidence-on-the-prevalence-of-emerging-and-re-emerging-tick-and-flea-borne-rickettsial-agents-in-acute-encephalitis-syndrome-endemic-areas-of-northeast-uttar-pradesh-india
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sadanandane Candasamy, Elango Ayyanar, Panneer Devaraju, Ashwani Kumar, Kamran Zaman, Bhuwan Bhaskar Mishra, Lakshmy Srinivasan, Jambulingam Purushothaman
Outbreaks of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) with unknown aetiology are reported every year in Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India, and Orientia tsutsugamushi, the rickettsial pathogen, responsible for scrub typhus has been attributed as the primary cause of AES problem. However, information on the prevalence of other rickettsial infections is lacking. Hence, this study was carried out to assess any occurrence of tick- and flea-borne rickettsial agents in villages reporting AES cases in this district...
September 21, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37715613/nationwide-survey-of-ticks-on-domesticated-animals-in-taiwan-revealing-the-hidden-threat-to-animal-and-public-health
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jhih-Rong Liao, Yi-Hao Liao, Kuei-Min Liao, Huai-Hui Wu, Wu-Chun Tu, Ying-Hsi Lin
Ticks are not only bloodsucking ectoparasites but also important vectors of tick-borne diseases (TBDs), posing significant threats to public and animal health. Domesticated animals serve as critical hosts for numerous ticks, highlighting the importance of understanding tick infestations in Taiwan. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a nationwide survey to identify ticks on domesticated animals and associated environments in 2018 and 2019. A total of 6,205 ticks were collected from 1,337 host animals, revealing the presence of seven tick species, with Rhipicephalus microplus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus being the dominant species...
September 16, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37715451/high-climatic-ancestral-affinity-between-the-lineages-of-the-leishmania-vector-psathyromyia-shannoni-sensu-stricto-diptera-phlebotominae
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David A Moo-Llanes, Ana C Montes de Oca-Aguilar
Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) shannoni sensu stricto (Dyar) is a vector of Leishmania parasite and the second sandfly of medical importance with a wide geographical but discontinuous distribution in America. Preliminary genetic structure analysis using a mitochondrial marker shows that the species integrated by at least four lineages could be the result of ecological adaptations to different environmental scenarios, but this hypothesis had never been proven. The aim of the present study was to analyse whether the genetic structure that detected Pa...
September 15, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37702244/ecology-and-diversity-of-mosquito-larvae-in-ponds-and-lagoons-of-northwestern-spain
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasmina Martínez-Barciela, Alejandro Polina, Josefina Garrido
Galicia, located in the northwestern part of Spain, has a great number and variety of aquatic ecosystems where mosquitoes can breed. Despite the sanitary relevance of these insects, studies on mosquito populations in the region are still scarce. The field research was carried out in 48 sampling points (27 continental lagoons, 12 coastal lagoons and 9 temporary ponds) throughout the entire Galician territory. The samples were collected intermittently and seasonally through different water quality monitoring projects between 2001 and 2017...
September 13, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37658694/extended-stage-duration-and-diminished-fecundity-in-deltamethrin-resistant-triatoma-infestans-klug-1834-of-the-argentinean-chaco
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Víctor A Maza, Julieta Nattero, M Sol Gaspe, M Victoria Cardinal
Pyrethroid-resistance is an emergent trait in populations of various insect species. For Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae), the major vector of Chagas disease in the southern part of South America, hotspot areas of pyrethroid-resistance have recently been found in the Chaco Province of Argentina. Resistant condition can reduce fitness of individuals in the absence of insecticide exposure, that is, fitness costs. We evaluated the existence of developmental and/or reproductive costs in T...
September 2, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37017293/the-first-molecular-confirmation-of-culex-pipiens-complex-as-potential-natural-vectors-of-dirofilaria-immitis-in-myanmar
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Si Thu Aung, Saw Bawm, Hla Myet Chel, Lat Lat Htun, Soe Soe Wai, Yuki Eshita, Ken Katakura, Ryo Nakao
Dirofilariosis, known as one of the most widespread vector-borne zoonotic diseases, is caused by several different species of the nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria, which can be transmitted by Culex, Anopheles and Aedes mosquito vectors. In order to identify key vector mosquitoes of filarial parasites in Myanmar, mosquitoes were collected during three different seasons (summer, rainy and winter) in three townships in Nay Pyi Taw area, Myanmar. DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were conducted for 185 mosquito pools, with each pool containing 1-10 mosquitoes...
September 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37649415/species-diversity-and-detection-of-pathogens-in-phlebotomine-sand-flies-collected-from-forest-management-areas-of-quintana-roo-mexico
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maribel Martínez-Burgos, Yokomi N Lozano-Sardaneta, Jorge J Rodríguez-Rojas, Ángel S Gómez-Rivera, Karla L Canto-Mis, Eduardo Flores-Escobar, Pedro C Mis-Ávila, Fabián Correa-Morales, Ingeborg Becker
Sand flies have expanded their areas of distribution, thereby increasing the risk of pathogen transmission in non-endemic areas. To establish efficient prevention and control strategies for the transmission of vector-borne pathogens, it is important to understand seasonal dynamics of their vectors. In Mexico, there are several areas where the contact between sand flies, hosts and reservoirs favours the transmission of the pathogen. We compared sand fly communities in a forest management area and a conserved area in Noh-Bec, Quintana Roo, Mexico...
August 30, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642138/the-phlebotomine-sand-fly-fauna-of-switzerland-revisited
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francis Schaffner, Cornelia Silaghi, Niels O Verhulst, Jérôme Depaquit, Alexander Mathis
Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae; Newstead, 1911) are widespread in Europe, being particularly common in the Mediterranean region but rare north of the Alps. Thus, Switzerland is an opportune place to investigate the sand fly fauna on both sides of the Alpine crest, in southern sub-Mediterranean climate and northern oceanic temperate climate. We reinvestigated the Swiss sand fly fauna with the aim to assess changes in composition, altitudinal distribution, abundance and seasonality. Thirty-eight sites were investigated with light traps and/or interception sticky traps in 4 years...
August 29, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37622600/investigation-on-key-aspects-of-mating-biology-in-the-mosquito-aedes-koreicus
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvia Ciocchetta, Francesca D Frentiu, Fabrizio Montarsi, Gioia Capelli, Gregor J Devine
Aedes koreicus Edwards, 1917 (Hulecoetomyia koreica) is a mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) from Northeast Asia with a rapidly expanding presence outside its original native range. Over the years, the species has been discovered in several new countries, either spreading after first introduction or remaining localised to limited areas. Notably, recent studies have demonstrated the ability of the species to transmit zoonotic parasites and viruses both in the field and in laboratory settings. Combined with its invasive potential, the possible role of Ae...
August 25, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37606156/effects-of-antibiotics-ceftriaxone-and-levofloxacin-on-the-growth-of-lucilia-sericata-diptera-calliphoridae
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Preußer, Thomas Fischer, Thomas Juretzek
Lucilia sericata is one of the most studied species in forensic entomology due to its widespread distribution, forensic importance as well as medical use. The growth and development stage of maggots is often used to determine the post-mortem interval in forensic cases. L. sericata can cause myiasis in humans who are not able to maintain personal hygiene due to age or medical condition and can therefore be used to determine the time period of neglect. The influence of the temperature on the maggot development has been examined in various studies...
August 22, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37589253/first-record-of-babesia-and-theileria-parasites-in-ticks-from-kassena-nankana-ghana
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seth Offei Addo, Ronald Essah Bentil, Bernice Olivia Ama Baako, Charlotte Adwoa Addae, Eric Behene, Victor Asoala, Suzanne Mate, Daniel Oduro, James C Dunford, John Asiedu Larbi, Philip Kweku Baidoo, Michael David Wilson, Joseph W Diclaro, Samuel K Dadzie
Ticks are efficient vectors for transmitting pathogens that negatively affect livestock production and pose a risk to public health. In this study, Babesia and Theileria species were identified in ticks collected from cattle, sheep and goats from the Kassena-Nankana Districts of Ghana between February and December 2020. A total of 1550 ticks were collected, morphologically identified, pooled and screened for pathogens using primers that amplify a 560 bp fragment of the ssrRNA gene and Sanger sequencing...
August 17, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37565364/host-mosquito-interactions-in-rural-and-urban-equestrian-facilities-from-temperate-argentina
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María V Cardo, Darío Vezzani
Targeted vector surveillance informed by data on mosquito biting patterns can help limit arboviral zoonotic diseases. To characterise host-biting networks in rural and urban equestrian facilities from temperate Argentina, adult resting mosquitoes were collected (December 2018-April 2019) with a battery-powered aspirator. Engorged females were sorted to species, and their blood source was identified using molecular techniques. Bipartite network analysis was performed for rural and urban matrices. A total of 177 bloodmeals from 11 mosquito species of Aedes and Culex were identified, with seven mammal and 17 bird species recognised as hosts...
August 10, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37540520/culicidae-assemblages-of-artificial-containers-and-possible-biotic-interactions-affecting-aedes-albopictus-diptera-culicidae-in-argentina
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arturo Andrés Lizuain, Lucia Maffey, Marina Leporace, Maximiliano Garzón, Nicolás Schweigmann, María Soledad Santini
In Argentina, the distribution of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is limited to two provinces with a subtropical climate and few records. This study aims to describe and compare assemblies of Culicidae that breed in artificial containers in two areas with different degrees of urbanisation where Ae. albopictus is present and to evaluate possible biotic interactions. We sampled container larval habitats of an urban (Eldorado city) and a rural environment (Colonia Aurora village). We performed generalized linear mixed models to evaluate which variables (containers characteristics or environment) are associated with the presence and abundance of Ae...
August 4, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37540228/host-preference-and-human-blood-index-of-phlebotomus-orientalis-an-exophilic-sand-fly-vector-of-visceral-leishmaniasis-in-eastern-sudan
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tayseer Jibreel, Altayeb Khogali, Maribel Jiménez, Adeel Raiyed, Osman Dakein, Bashir Alsharif, Noteila M Khalid, Omran F Osman, Bakri Y M Nour, Gamal Hassan Mohamed, Ricardo Molina, Ana Vidal-López, Ramón Díaz-Regañón, Margriet den Boer, Jorge Alvar, Orin Courtenay, Dia-Eldin Elnaiem
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL, kala azar), caused by Leishmania donovani, transmitted by Phlebotomus orientalis, is a serious systemic disease that causes high morbidity and mortality rates in Sudan and other parts of East Africa and the world. Despite progress in understanding the epidemiology of the disease in East Africa, little is known about the host preference of P. orientalis in kala azar endemic villages of Sudan, which have some of the highest VL incidence rates in the world. The present study used host choice experiments and blood-meal identification approaches to determine the host preference of P...
August 4, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37477152/machine-learning-analysis-of-wing-venation-patterns-accurately-identifies-sarcophagidae-calliphoridae-and-muscidae-fly-species
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Hao Ling, Tania Ivorra, Chong Chin Heo, April Hari Wardhana, Martin Jonathan Richard Hall, Siew Hwa Tan, Zulqarnain Mohamed, Tsung Fei Khang
In medical, veterinary and forensic entomology, the ease and affordability of image data acquisition have resulted in whole-image analysis becoming an invaluable approach for species identification. Krawtchouk moment invariants are a classical mathematical transformation that can extract local features from an image, thus allowing subtle species-specific biological variations to be accentuated for subsequent analyses. We extracted Krawtchouk moment invariant features from binarised wing images of 759 male fly specimens from the Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae and Muscidae families (13 species and a species variant)...
July 21, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37458405/first-report-of-culicoides-caucoliberensis-in-spain-exploring-molecular-phylogeny-host-feeding-behaviour-and-avian-haemosporidian-parasites
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikel A González, Daniel Bravo-Barriga, Júlia López-Mercadal, Miguel Ángel Miranda, Rafael Gutiérrez-López, Carlos Barceló
Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are vectors of pathogens that affect wildlife and livestock. Understanding the composition and distribution of vector species is crucial for implementing control strategies and preventing the spread of infectious diseases. This study provides a morphological and molecular characterisation of Culicoides caucoliberensis, which represents the first record for Spain, increasing the number of Culicoides species in the country to 85. A total of 213 specimens were collected using Onderstepoort-ultraviolet down-draught light traps on a rocky coastline in the Balearic Islands during two sampling periods in 2022...
July 17, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37427707/worldwide-comparison-between-the-potential-distribution-of-rhipicephalus-microplus-acari-ixodidae-under-climate-change-scenarios
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M B Perez-Martinez, D A Moo-Llanes, C N Ibarra-Cerdeña, D Romero-Salas, A Cruz-Romero, K M López-Hernández, M Aguilar-Dominguez
The cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) has demonstrated its ability to increase its distribution raising spatially its importance as a vector for zoonotic hemotropic pathogens. In this study, a global ecological niche model of R. microplus was built in different scenarios using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP), Socio-Economic Pathway (SSP), and a climatic dataset to determine where the species could establish itself and thus affect the variability in the presentation of the hemotropic diseases they transmit...
July 10, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37417368/relative-expression-of-key-genes-involved-in-nucleic-acids-methylation-in-anopheles-gambiae-sensu-stricto
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oswald Y Djihinto, Dario Meacci, Adandé A Medjigodo, Federica Bernardini, Luc S Djogbénou
In vertebrates, enzymes responsible for DNA methylation, one of the epigenetic mechanisms, are encoded by genes falling into the cytosine methyltransferases genes family (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a,b and Dnmt3L). However, in Diptera, only the methyltransferase Dnmt2 was found, suggesting that DNA methylation might act differently for species in this order. Moreover, genes involved in epigenetic dynamics, such as Ten-eleven Translocation dioxygenases (TET) and Methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBDs), present in vertebrates, might play a role in insects...
July 7, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37404158/phylogeny-and-spatial-distribution-of-japanese-encephalitis-virus-vector-species-in-cambodia
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rutaiwan Dusadeepong, Pierre-Olivier Maquart, Mallorie Hide, Sebastien Boyer
In Southeast Asia, despite the use of Japanese encephalitis vaccines and vaccination coverage, Japanese encephalitis (JE) transmission is still a major public health issue. The main vectors of this virus are mosquitoes from the genus Culex, which diversity and density are important in Southeast Asia. The main vector species of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in Cambodia belong to the Vishnui subgroup. However, their morphological identification solely based on the adult stage remains challenging, making their segregation and detection difficult...
July 5, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37401856/the-use-of-rna-interference-for-the-management-of-arthropod-pests-in-livestock-farms
#40
REVIEW
Valeria Bonina, Salvatore Arpaia
Pest management in farm animals is an important action to contain economic damage to livestock production and prevent transmission of severe diseases to the stock. The use of chemical insecticides is still the most common approach followed by farmers; however, avoiding possible toxic effects on animals is a fundamental task for pest control measures compatible with animal well-being. Moreover, legal constraints and insurgence of resistance by target species to the available insecticidal compounds are increasingly complicating farmers' operations...
July 4, 2023: Medical and Veterinary Entomology
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