American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP

PURPOSE: Examine possible message topics to promote rural vaccination using psychosocial antecedents of vaccination. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey administered by Research America, Inc. SETTING: West Virginia (WV). SAMPLE: 756 WV adults via convenience sample (n = 370; ∼2% response rate from online panel of ∼20 000 WV residents), and random digit dial of landlines (n = 174; ∼1% response rate from 18 432 numbers) and cellphones (n = 212; ∼1% response rate from 20 486 numbers)...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of process evaluations (PEs) of diabetes self-management programs (DSMPs). DATA SOURCE: An electronic search using Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (Ensco), Academic Search (Ebsco), and APA PsycInfo (Ebsco). STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Peer-reviewed, empirical quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method studies were included if they (1) were a traditional, group-based DSMP, (2) involved adults at least 18 years with T1DM or T2DM, (3) were a stand-alone or embedded PE, and (4) published in English...

PURPOSE: While the individual impacts of long-term residence and food insecurity on overweight/obesity are well-documented, their combined effect on immigrants' weight status is less understood. This study examines the interaction between length of residence and food insecurity in predicting overweight/obesity among immigrants and investigates whether this relationship is gender-specific. DESIGN: A national cross-sectional survey. SETTING: The 2017-2018 Canadian Community Health Survey...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension-related knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of hypertensive patients can affect the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. However, little attention has been paid to the association between the change of hypertension preventive KAP and blood pressure (BP) control in occupational population using longitudinal data. We assess the effectiveness of a workplace-based multicomponent hypertension intervention program on improving the level of KAP of hypertension prevention, and the association between improvement in KAP and BP control during intervention...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the WISE (Women in the South-East) Telehealth Network. DESIGN: A follow-up survey design was used to determine the impact of the program on access to healthcare. SETTING: WISE provided preventive care to women and gender expansive people at local libraries and the Mobile Library in the rural South Carolina Lowcountry. SUBJECTS: In 1 year (February 2021-2022), WISE reached 523 individuals with 151 agreeing to participate in the study...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to verify the association between smartphone/tablet exposure and physical activity and sleep in children from 5 to 10 years old. Data Source: This study followed the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and included studies that met eligibility criteria based on the "PECO" strategy: participants (children from 5 to 10 years old), exposure (smartphone and tablet use), and outcome (physical activity and sleep)...

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the impact of obesity on cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) interrelationships and predictive efficiency of CVD development in older African (AA) and European Americans (EA). DESIGN: A comparative research design evaluated CRF risk profile differences between participant groups. SETTING: Seven neighborhoods in a southern US city. SUBJECTS: A sample of 179 older AA (n = 128) and EA (n = 51) adults...

PURPOSE: To examine whether local blue and green space access was associated with weekly physical activity frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Population-based, nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (May and June 2021). SAMPLE: Adults, ages 18-94 (N = 1,771). MEASURES: Self-reported data included the presence of blue spaces (e.g., lakes, outdoor swimming pools, riverside trails) and green spaces (e...

PURPOSE: Collaboration among organizations offering sexual health and youth development services has the potential to provide youth with effective sexual health support. However, formally structured efforts (eg, coalition formation) may be impractical or unsuitable for low-income communities where resources are often already limited. Social network theories provide an alternative approach for building collaborative organizational networks. APPROACH: Research aims to evaluate the barriers and facilitators to collaboration in sexual health organizational networks...

PURPOSE: To examine associations between time perspective and health promotion behaviors of physical activity and weight management. DESIGN: Quantitative cross-sectional. SETTING: This study is part of the Betula project on aging, memory, and dementia in Northern Sweden. SUBJECTS: 417 older adults aged between 55 and 85 years. MEASURES: Swedish-Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; Physical Activity in the past year, past week, and in comparison with others of similar age; Weight Management = Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/m2 )...

PURPOSE: To describe healthcare experiences and health outcomes among rural LGBTQ + individuals. DESIGN: 2022 cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Southern Illinois. SAMPLE: 85 individuals. MEASURES: Demographics, sexual orientation and gender identity, healthcare experiences, health outcomes. ANALYSIS: Experiences and outcomes were assessed vs orientation and identity. Distribution comparison was by t -test and chi-square, risk prediction by logistic regression, and significance assumed at P < ...

PURPOSE: Examine trust in sources of COVID-19 information and vaccination status. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Chicago, Illinois. SUBJECTS: Convenience sample of 538 Black adults surveyed between September 2021 and March 2022. MEASURES: Trust in sources of COVID-19 information, COVID-19 vaccination. ANALYSIS: Using latent class analysis, we identified classes of trust in sources of COVID-19 information...

PURPOSE: The Sustainable Culturally Adapted Nutrition Program (SCAN) is a novel adaptation to the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) that aims to improve attendance and effectiveness. This paper presents its feasibility and impact through the initial 6-month outcomes. DESIGN: A pragmatic quasi-experimental pilot study with intervention (DPP plus SCAN) and control (DPP only) groups. SAMPLES AND INCLUSION CRITERIA: Sustainable Culturally Adapted Nutrition Program participants were recruited from federally qualified health center (FQHC) clinic patients enrolled in a NDPP in Houston, Texas...

PURPOSE: To pilot a novel approach investigating the interplay of social and institutional determinants influencing university undergraduate student sleep patterns. DESIGN: A two-part, three-phase mixed-methods approach. SETTING: A mid-size US university conducted in spring and fall 2020. PARTICIPANTS: 191 undergraduate students (69 first-years, 43 second-years, 48 third-years, 31 fourth-years). METHOD: For Part A, participants texted their activities and emotions in real time, producing a data-rich, weeklong diary of comprehensive activity logs, emoticons, multimedia submissions, and juxtapositions of ideal vs real schedules...

Story telling is one of the most time honored methods for conveying ideas, inspiring action and offering insights into the foibles and ferment of the human condition. This editorial offers a glimpse into what is sparking the imaginations and passions of health promotion professionals by simply asking them 'what are you reading?' Those who shared the books currently sitting alongside their reading chairs were not asked to select books that were related to improving health and well-being. Still, it came as no surprise that contributors to this article uniformly described plots, characters and narratives that illuminate how life circumstances can accost health and jeopardize well-being...

PURPOSE: The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) monitors behaviors, experiences, and conditions affecting the health of high school students nationwide. This study examined the test-retest reliability of the 2021 national YRBS questionnaire. DESIGN: Respondents completed a Time 1 and Time 2 paper-and-pencil questionnaire approximately 2 weeks apart during February to May 2022. Data were linked in such a way as to preserve anonymity. SETTING: Convenience sample of high schools...

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with neurodegenerative diseases. DATA SOURCE: This review followed the guidelines of the updated PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020. A systematic search in five electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PEDro, and OTseeker) was performed. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Randomized control trials (RCTs) examining Tai Chi interventions to improve HRQoL in patients with neurodegenerative diseases published through March 2023 were included...

PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between behavioral health provider (BHP) perceptions of support during COVID-19 and burnout and self-reported workload. DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of provider-level data collected from the 2020 and 2021 All Employee Survey (AES). SETTING: The Veterans Health Administration. SUBJECTS: 36,541 (10,332 [28.28%] with missing data) respondents in 2020 and 2021 combined...

OBJECTIVE: To gather and assess current literature on the prevalence and efficacy of lifestyle behavioral interventions (sleep, nutrition, physical activity) for health outcomes, including QOL, psychological well-being, behavioral changes, and seizure frequency, among PWE. DATA SOURCE: A review was conducted of English-language articles identified from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase between January 2013 to January 2023. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) with human subjects diagnosed with epilepsy who participated in a lifestyle behavioral intervention...

Reports of burnout and poor mental health are at all-time highs among working U.S. adults.  Simultaneously, failure to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) is among the top characteristics of an unhealthy work culture and has contributed to high rates of employee attrition. Though many organizations across multiple sectors have made pledges to prioritize employee health and invest in DEI in recent years, few have explicitly addressed these two issues as interconnected. The link between the workplace as a determinant of mental and physical health is well-established...