Histology and Histopathology

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer. Rhesus family, C glycoprotein (RHCG) has been evidenced to be involved in the occurrence and development of various tumors. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of RHCG in EC. Bioinformatics analysis was based on the RNAseq counts data from TCGA database, and the prognosis analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method; 4 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinomas samples and 4 cases of normal proliferative endometrium were collected for qPCR and western blot; immunohistochemistry analysis was employed to assess the expression of RHCG in a tissue microarray; the correlation between RHCG and clinicopathological factors was analyzed through Mann-Whitney U test...

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is characterized by a highly suppressive microenvironment that protects tumor cells against immune attack and facilitates tumor progression. MELK is upregulated in various tumors, whereas its function in the immune escape remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of MELK during immune escape in NPC. METHODS: Differentially expressed genes were filtered using GEO datasets and PPI network analysis. NPC cell colony formation and motility were examined, and the impact of CD8⁺ T cells on NPC cells was evaluated...

BACKGROUND: In 2020, the International Lung Cancer Study Group (IASLC) Pathology Committee established a grading system for non-mucinous primary lung adenocarcinomas. This grading system is based on whether areas of high-grade patterns are present in more than 20% of the tumor. Parameters, such as necrosis, mitotic activity, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and spread through air spaces (STAS), are excluded from evaluating the grading system. METHODS: A total of 217 patients' lung resection materials for primary lung adenocarcinoma were re-reviewed using the IASLC grading system...

There is increasing interest in understanding the tissue biology of human amniotic membrane (hAM) given its applications in medicine. One cellular component is mesenchymal cells, which can be extracted, cultured and differentiated "in vitro" into various cell types. These studies show that there is heterogeneity among mesenchymal cells. The aim of this work is to study the membrane "in situ" to determine whether this cellular heterogeneity exists. The hAMs were obtained from caesarean deliveries at term and analyzed by histological techniques...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe respiratory condition characterized by increased lung permeability, hyper-inflammatory state, and fluid leak into the alveolar spaces. ARDS is a heterogeneous disease, with multiple direct and indirect causes that result in a mortality of up to 40%. Due to the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, its incidence has increased up to ten-fold. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small liposome-like particles that mediate intercellular communication and play a major role in ARDS pathophysiology...

Cell proliferation and differentiation are the basic physiological activities of cells. Mistakes in these processes may affect cell survival, or cause cell cycle dysregulation, such as tumorigenesis, birth defects and degenerative diseases. In recent years, it has been found that histone methyltransferase DOT1L is the only H3 lysine 79 methyltransferase, which plays an important role in the process of cell fate determination through monomethylation, dimethylation and trimethylation of H3K79. DOT1L has a pro-proliferative effect in leukemia cells; however, loss of heart-specific DOT1L leads to increased proliferation of cardiac tissue...

BACKGROUND: The interaction of miRNAs with Chinese herbal medicines is a promising therapeutic approach for prevention of cervical cancer. METHODS: Western blotting or qRT-PCR were carried out to identify the expression of NCAPG2 and miR-638. A tetrandrine (TET) cell model was used to explore the effects of miR-638 and its target gene NCAPG2 using CCK-8, transwell, wound healing, and western blot assays. Furthermore, luciferase activity assay was conducted to measure the interaction among TET, NCAPG2 and miR-638...

Primary cilia act as cellular sensors for multiple extracellular stimuli and regulate many intracellular signaling pathways in response. Here we investigate whether the cold-shock proteins (CSPs), CIRP and RBM3, are present in the primary cilia and the physiological consequences of such a relationship. R28, an immortalized retinal precursor cell line, was stained with antibodies against CIRP, RBM3, and ciliary markers. Both CSPs were found in intimate contact with the basal body of the cilium during all stages of the cell cycle, including migrating with the centrosome during mitosis...

PURPOSE: Prognostic significance and gene signatures associated with carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) was investigated in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CAIX was performed in tissue microarrays (TMAs) of 136 TNBC patients.In a subset of 52 patients Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) was performed in tumour (pan-cytokeratin+) and stroma (pan-cytokeratin-). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with P<0.05 and fold change ≥1 or ≤-1 were identified...

OBJECTIVE: Both microRNA (miR)-105-5p and SPARCL1 were discovered to be differentially expressed in osteoarthritis (OA), but their roles and exact mechanisms have not been entirely elaborated. This paper sets out to probe the impact of miR-105-5p/SPARCL1 on chondrocyte injury, extracellular matrix degradation, and osteoarthritis progression. METHODS: C28/I2 cells were stimulated with IL-1β to construct an in vitro OA model. C28/I2 cells were transfected with sh-SPARCL1, oe-SPARCL1, or miR-105-5p mimic before IL-1β induction...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the involvement of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) BRE-AS1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and to explore its potential therapeutic role. METHODS: The expression of BRE-AS1 and miR-106b-5p was determined by qRT-PCR. Overexpression of BRE-AS1 and miR-106b-5p were performed to study their relationship. Transwell assays were used to evaluate cell movement. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was performed to explore the role of BRE-AS1 in the methylation of the miR-106b-5p gene...

BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is a common malignant tumor in the world and has a poor prognosis. The family of minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) improves the stability of genome replication by inhibiting the rate of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells, thus, small changes in physiological MCM levels would increase the instability of gene replication and increase the incidence of tumor formation, most of which are significantly elevated in multiple cancers...

AIMS: The present study is to analyze the regulation and potential molecular mechanism of Trim28 on vascular endothelial injury induced by pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS: Trim28 mRNA in placental tissues and peripheral blood from PIH patients were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The serum from PIH was used to stimulate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). After silencing Trim28 in HUVECs, we used CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay and flow cytometry to investigate proliferation, migration and apoptosis...

OBJECTIVES: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most commonly diagnosed gynecological cancer. Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is a more common diagnosis than EC. Endometrial hyperplasia is found in approximately 1.5% of all women presenting with abnormal bleeding. Endometrial hyperplasia progresses to EC, and especially, cancer risk increases in cases with atypical hyperplasia. p16, one of the tumor suppressor proteins involved in the cell cycle, and COX-2, one of the key enzymes of prostaglandin synthesis, are important markers for the diagnosis of both EH and EC...

BACKGROUND: Mesothelioma is strongly associated with exposure to asbestos fibers, however, recent studies have also linked exposure to "naturally occurring asbestos" fibers with this disease. Fluoro-edenite, a silicate mineral found in the southeast of Biancavilla (Sicily, Italy), has been identified as a potential risk factor for mesothelioma. Unfortunately, this cancer often has a poor prognosis, and current diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are inadequate. Histological subtype, gender, and age at diagnosis are the most significant parameters for mesothelioma...

Esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a heterogenous entity with multilineage differentiation. It lacks systematical analysis on submucosal gland differentiation (SGD) due to the histological diversity and low incidence of esophageal BSCC. This study aims to find the correlation of SGD and clinicopathological features. A total of 152 esophageal BSCCs were separated into three histological groups: pure, mixed, and borderline group. The clinicopathological features were compared between different groups...

BACKGROUND: Despite promising results of targeted therapy approaches, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related death. Tripartite motif containing 11 (TRIM11) is part of the TRIM family of proteins, playing crucial roles in tumor progression. TRIM11 serves as an oncogene in various cancer types and has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protein expression of TRIM11 in a large NSCLC cohort and to correlate its expression with comprehensive clinico-pathological data...

PURPOSE: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been used in the study of tumor biomarkers in recent years. However, the prognostic role of lncRNA LINC00924 (LINC00924) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not yet been concluded. Therefore, this study investigates the prognostic value of LINC00924 in LUAD and its regulatory effect on tumor progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The LUAD tissues and adjacent normal tissues of 128 subjects were extracted, and the expressions of LINC00924 and miR-196a-5p in tissues and cells were detected by RT-qPCR...

Platelets are generally considered as the main functional unit of the coagulation system. However, more and more studies have confirmed that platelets also have an important relationship with tumor progression. Tumor cells can utilize platelets to promote their own infiltration and hematogenous metastasis, and platelets are activated and aggregated in this process. Therefore, platelet aggregation may be a concomitant marker of tumor progression. This is of great significance for predicting tumor metastasis before timely treatments...

Duodenitis refers to inflammation that occurs in the duodenum. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a known risk factor for duodenitis. This paper attempted to analyze the correlation between Hp virulence genotypes and the initiation and development of duodenal bulbar inflammation (DBI) to lay the foundation for the management of duodenitis induced by Hp infection. Total RNA was extracted from duodenal samples of 156 Hp-positive patients [70 with DBI and 86 with duodenal bulbar ulcer (DBU)] and 80 Hp-free DBI patients, followed by RT-qPCR detection of COX-2 mRNA expression and the presence of virulence factors...