journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37060858/hormonal-and-immunological-responses-of-holstein-dairy-cows-from-late-lactation-to-the-dry-period-and-from-the-dry-period-to-early-lactation
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Gao, T N Marins, J O S Calix, Z Qi, J K Bernard, S Tao
Parturition and dry-off are challenging events for dairy cows partially due to changes in endocrine responses. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate blood concentrations of cortisol and prolactin and their effects on proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with or without stimulation by common immune cell mitogens (lipopolysaccharide [LPS], and concanavalin A [ConA]) of multiparous dairy cows from late lactation to the dry period and from the dry period to early lactation. Two groups of cows were enrolled: cows from late lactation to the dry period enrolled at 8 d before dry-off (LTD, n = 6, days in milk at dry-off = 332 ± 41 d) and cows from the dry period to early lactation enrolled at 7 d before expected calving date (DTL, n = 7)...
March 28, 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37062172/oral-administration-of-domperidone-in-the-first-or-third-week-of-lactation-effects-on-prolactin-concentrations-and-mammary-gene-expression-in-sows-and-piglet-growth
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Farmer, M-F Palin
The scope of the present study is endocrine and metabolic control of sow lactation. This project aimed to determine the impact of increasing prolactin concentrations via oral administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone in the first or third week of lactation in sows. Effects on sow hormonal and metabolic status, lactational performance, and gene expression in mammary epithelial cells were determined. Primiparous sows were divided in 3 treatments: 1) 10 mL of vehicle (table syrup) per os twice daily during the first and third weeks of lactation (Control, CTL, n = 23), 2) 0...
March 27, 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36863302/irisin-in-domestic-animals
#23
REVIEW
E Lai, S Unniappan
Irisin is a 112 amino acid peptide hormone cleaved from the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein. Irisin is highly conserved across vertebrates, suggesting evolutionarily conserved common functions among domestic animals. These functions include the browning of white adipose tissue and increased energy expenditure. Irisin has been detected and studied primarily in plasma, serum, and skeletal muscle, but has also been found in adipose tissue, liver, kidney, lungs, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, and saliva...
February 9, 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36848729/the-impact-of-fsh-stimulation-and-age-on-the-ovarian-and-uterine-traits-and-histomorphometry-of-prepubertal-gilts
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
V A P Alfradique, D L Souza Netto, S V P Alves, A F Machado, C M Novaes, J M Penitente-Filho, M Machado-Neves, M S Lopes, S E F Guimarães
This study investigated the effect of age and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment on the estradiol (E2) plasma concentration, ovarian follicle development, endometrial histomorphometry, and ultrasonographic parameters of the ovaries and uterus in prepubertal gilts. Thirty-five prepubertal gilts were grouped according to age (140 or 160 d), and within each age, gilts were allotted to receive 100 mg of FSH (treated; G140 + FSH [n = 10] and G160 + FSH [n = 7]) or saline solution (control; G140 + control [n = 10] and G160 + control [n = 8])...
January 27, 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36745973/short-communication-identification-of-equine-corticotropin-like-intermediate-lobe-peptide-clip-binding-to-an-adrenocortipcotrophic-hormone-acth-assay-capture-antibody
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E J Knowles, C Hyde, P A Harris, J Elliott, N J Menzies-Gow
A chemiluminescent immunoassay is commonly employed to measure adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) concentrations to assist pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction diagnosis. In a previous study, seasonally-dependent assay cross-reactivity to endogenous equine corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide (CLIP, ACTH 18-39) was suspected. The present study aimed to demonstrate binding of endogenous equine CLIP to the capture antibody of the ACTH chemiluminescent immunoassay. Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LCMS) methods were optimised to identify selected ions from synthetic human ACTH, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH, ACTH 1-17) and CLIP...
January 16, 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36244194/molecular-regulation-breed-differences-and-genes-involved-in-stress-control-in-farm-animals
#26
REVIEW
S O Durosaro, O S Iyasere, B M Ilori, V J Oyeniran, M O Ozoje
Stress is a state of disturbed homeostasis evoking a multiplicity of somatic and mental adaptive reactions resulting from any of the 5 freedoms of animals being violated. Many environmental forces disrupt homeostasis in farm animals, such as extreme temperatures, poor nutrition, noise, hunger, and thirst. During stressful situations, neuronal circuits in the limbic system and prefrontal cortex are activated, which lead to the release of adrenalin and noradrenalin. The hormones released during stress are needed for adaptation to acute stress and are regulated by many genes...
January 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36244193/exploring-the-effect-of-auditory-stimuli-on-activity-levels-milk-yield-and-faecal-glucocorticoid-metabolite-concentrations-in-holstein-cows
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L-M Erasmus, E van Marle-Köster, A Masenge, A Ganswindt
Health and welfare are inextricably linked within efficient and sustainable dairy production, and several potential risk factors may affect the well-being of dairy cows, including chronic stress. Although auditory stimuli could be used as a tool to decrease the potential stress that cows might experience, it is seldom applied to livestock production systems due to the perception that enrichment is an unnecessary expense. This study aimed to explore the effect of auditory stimuli as a form of enrichment in a Holstein herd by monitoring fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) concentrations (a non-invasive, stress-associated biomarker)...
January 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36166950/expressions-of-ghrelin-and-ghsr-1a-in-the-corpus-luteum-and-the-stimulatory-effect-of-ghrelin-on-luteal-function-of-pregnant-sows
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenlong Zhang, Jiang Peng, Sitian Yang, Yupei Huang, Dewen Tong
Studies have shown that ghrelin played direct actions in ovarian function, but the direct role of ghrelin in corpus luteum (CL) of pregnant sows has remained obscure. The study aimed to examine the expressions of ghrelin and its functional receptor (GHSR-1a) in the CL of sows during pregnancy, and evaluate the role of ghrelin in CL function of pregnant sows. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that ghrelin and GHSR-1a are both predominantly localized in the luteal cells of pregnant sows CL. Strong immunoreactivity for ghrelin and GHSR-1a is detected at days 20 (early) and 50 (middle), but weak immunoreactivity is observed at days 90 (late) post mating...
January 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36162341/longitudinal-assessment-of-adrenocortical-steroid-and-steroid-precursor-response-to-illness-in-hospitalized-foals
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Dembek, K Timko, C Moore, L Johnson, M Frazer, B Barr, R Toribio
Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal foals. Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI), defined as an inadequate cortisol response to stress, has been associated with sepsis, prematurity, and poor outcome in newborn foals. In addition to cortisol, the adrenal gland synthesizes several biologically important steroids and steroid precursors, including aldosterone, androgens, and progestogens. However, concentration of these hormones during hospitalization and their association with the severity of disease and mortality in critically ill foals have not been completely evaluated...
January 2023: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36586193/the-impact-of-environmental-and-nutritional-stresses-on-milk-fat-synthesis-in-dairy-cows
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Razzaghi, M H Ghaffari, D E Rico
Stress reduces milk and milk components synthesis and increases maintenance requirements of cows. The major stress-related alterations involve enhanced secretion of glucocorticoids and increased sympathetic nervous system activity, which results in biochemical and physiologic changes. In dairy cows exposed to social (ie housing conditions, overstocking, regrouping, feed delivery), physiological (ie initiation of lactation and parturition), or physical (ie heat or cold stress) stressors, responses involve alterations in energy balance and nutrient partitioning...
December 5, 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36566164/corrigendum-to-is-an-increase-of-glucocorticoid-concentrations-related-to-the-degree-of-arousal-or-valence-experienced-by-an-animal-to-a-stimulus-domestic-animal-endocrinology-81-2022-1-7-106752
#31
O S Iyasere, S O Durosaro, V J Oyeniran, J O Daramola
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 19, 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36375404/anabolic-implants-alter-abundance-of-mrna-involved-in-muscle-growth-metabolism-and-inflammation-in-the-longissimus-of-angus-steers-in-the-feedlot
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C C Reichhardt, J M Cuthbert, L A Motsinger, T J Brady, R K Briggs, A J Thomas, K J Thornton
The majority of beef cattle in the United States often receive at least one anabolic implant resulting in improved growth, feed efficiency, and environmental and economic sustainability. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms through which anabolic implants increase skeletal muscle growth of beef cattle remain elusive. The objective of this study was to identify transcriptional changes occurring in skeletal muscle of steers receiving anabolic implants containing different steroid hormones. Forty-eight steers were stratified by weight into 1 of 4 (n = 12/treatment) implant treatment groups: (1) estradiol (ImpE2; 25...
October 23, 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36368185/group-or-individual-housing-does-not-reduce-socio-sexual-and-reproductive-responses-in-anestrous-goats-during-the-first-contact-with-the-photo-stimulated-buck
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F J González, L Sifuentes, R Ulloa-Arvizu, M J Palomo Peiró, G Duarte, I G Fernández
Herein, we examined the effect of the type of housing (individual vs group housing) of anestrus female goats on plasma cortisol concentrations and socio-sexual behaviors during first contact with photo-stimulated male goats and determined the impact on sexual and reproductive responses after 15 d of contact with photo-stimulated males. Therefore, after weaning, 10 females each were individually and group-housed, respectively. Ten bucks were rendered sexually active by exposure to artificially long days (16 h of light and 8 h of darkness per day) for 2...
October 21, 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36332459/emotional-responses-of-piglets-under-long-term-exposure-to-negative-and-positive-auditory-stimuli
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H-Y Nian, R-X Zhang, S-S Ding, Y-L Wang, J-F Li, H-G Liu, J-H Li, X Li, J Bao
The stress caused by sound is inevitable. The stress caused by noise and the positive effects of music can affect the endocrine of animals and their welfare. In this study, a total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Min pig) were randomly divided into 3 groups, including music (Mozart K.448, 60-70 dB), noise (recorded mechanical noise, 80-85 dB), and control (natural background sound, <40 dB) groups. S-IgA (secretory immunoglobulin A), IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-8 (interleukin-8), and positive emotion-related behaviors were used as indicators to discuss whether noise induced stress and inflammation in piglets or whether music could have positive effects...
October 14, 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36279747/unhatched-bovine-blastocysts-express-all-transcripts-of-the-estrogen-biosynthetic-pathway-but-steroid-hormone-synthesis-could-not-yet-be-demonstrated
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R Fürbass, M Michaelis, G Schuler
Early embryos of rodent species and rabbits but also farm animals such as pigs, horses and cattle produce estrogens, which are considered important regulators of the implantation process. In cattle, the exact stage at which embryonic estrogen synthesis commences is yet unknown. However, this information is regarded as important to consider a possible role of embryonic estrogens in preimplantation development. Therefore, in this study, we first used quantitative reverse transcription PCR to examine the mRNA expression of the enzymes required for the conversion of cholesterol into free and sulfonated estrogens (CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3B, CYP19A1, and SULT1E1), the cholesterol carrier protein STAR, and the estrogen receptors ESR1 and ESR2 in in vitro produced morulae and unhatched blastocysts (d 6-9)...
October 1, 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35842984/uterine-kallikrein-and-arterial-bradykinin-activities-and-uterine-arterial-proliferation-in-response-to-acute-estradiol-17%C3%AE-exposure-in-ovariectomized-ewes
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L A Lekatz, P Shukla, M A Vasquez Hidalgo, S O'Rourke, J Haring, G P Dorsam, A T Grazul-Bilska, K A Vonnahme
Estradiol-17β (E2) increases kallikrein in rodent and human reproductive tissues. Kallikrein specific activity is increased in the porcine uterus when conceptus E2 is secreted at maternal recognition of pregnancy. When kallikrein acts on kininogen to liberate bradykinin, angiogenic and vasoactive factors are released. The uterus of ovariectomized ewes administered E2 undergoes rapid vascular changes via different patterns of angiogenic and vasoactive factors. Our hypothesis was that E2 would increase the specific activity and protein secretion of tissue kallikrein in endometrial explants culture media (ECM) and ewes exposed to E2 would have uterine arteries that would be more sensitive to the vasodilatory effects of bradykinin...
October 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35834880/anti-m%C3%A3-llerian-hormone-concentrations-in-queens-throughout-the-estrous-cycle
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ulrike Flock, Sven Reese, Christiane Otzdorff, Ruth Klein, Beate Walter
Studies in cats and dogs have proven the usefulness of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a diagnostic tool to determine the castration status or to diagnose ovarian remnant syndrome. Yet the secretion pattern of AMH over the estrous cycle in queens has not been investigated so far. Seven healthy sexually intact female cats were examined daily for signs of estrous behavior over a trial period of 4 months. Five queens showed regular estrous behavior, 1 queen was mated in her first heat and 1 queen never showed any signs of heat...
October 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35750019/sexually-active-male-goats-stimulate-the-endocrine-and-sexual-activities-of-other-males-in-seasonal-sexual-rest-through-the-buck-to-buck-effect
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J A Delgadillo, L A Espinoza-Flores, J A Abecia, H Hernández, M Keller, P Chemineau
Male goats rendered sexually active by exposure to a photoperiodic treatment are more efficient than untreated goats in stimulating LH secretion and ovulation in seasonally anestrous goats. This phenomenon is called the "male effect." Here, we determined whether sexually active bucks are able to stimulate the endocrine and sexual activities of other bucks in seasonal sexual rest through the phenomenon that we called the "buck-to-buck effect." We used bucks rendered sexually active (SA) during sexual rest by exposure to 2...
October 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35728298/the-effects-of-nanoplastics-on-adipose-stromal-cells-from-swine-tissues
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Basini, S Bussolati, L Andriani, S Grolli, S Bertini, T Iemmi, A Menozzi, F Quintavalla, R Ramoni, P Serventi, F Grasselli
Plastic is one of the main sources of marine and terrestrial pollution. This material can fragment into micro- (<-5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs) (<100 nm) following degradation. Animals are exposed to these particles by ingesting contaminated food, respiration or filtration, and transdermally. In organisms, NPs can cross biological membranes, and cause oxidative stress, cell damage, apoptosis, and endocrine interference. We previously demonstrated that polystyrene - NPs interfered with ovarian cell functions...
October 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35689953/the-effect-of-capromorelin-on-glycemic-control-in-healthy-dogs
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K M Pascutti, A L O'Kell, R C Hill, R A Castro, M E Salute, C Gilor
Capromorelin is a ghrelin-receptor agonist widely used as an appetite stimulant in dogs. Capromorelin disrupts glucose homeostasis in cats but information regarding its effects on canine glucose homeostasis is lacking. The study objective was to evaluate the effect of capromorelin on glucose homeostatic mechanisms in healthy dogs. Eight clinically healthy client-owned adult dogs were enrolled in this prospective, cross-over, placebo-controlled study. Dogs were randomized to receive capromorelin (Entyce, 3 mg/kg) or placebo, q24h for 3 d...
October 2022: Domestic Animal Endocrinology
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