Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the 21-month neurodevelopmental outcome for predicting the presence of neurodevelopmental impairment at 36 months corrected age in a population of preterm infants under 29 weeks gestation. STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective observational cohort study. Preterm infants born under 29 weeks gestation who were followed up at both 18-21 months and 36 months corrected age with outcome data available were enrolled...

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OBJECTIVE: To identify bacteria in umbilical cord tissue and investigate the association with placental inflammation and neonatal sepsis risk score. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study from 2017-2019. RNA was extracted from umbilical cord tissue and NanoString nCounter used to identify seven bacteria genera. Sepsis risk score was calculated using the Kaiser sepsis calculator. Placental histopathology was abstracted from medical records. RESULTS: Detection of bacterial RNA in the umbilical cord (n = 96/287) was associated with high-stage maternal and fetal acute placental inflammation (maternal 35...

OBJECTIVE: Elucidate characteristics of feeding performance in healthy infants without reported feeding problems throughout the first month of life. STUDY DESIGN: Feeding was monitored in 61 healthy infants by caregiver report for 48 h a week from birth to 4 weeks old. Outcomes included feeding modality, how much they consumed, how long the feed lasted, and how many coughing episodes the infant exhibited. Data were analyzed with descriptive and non-parametric statistics...

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OBJECTIVE: To describe changes over time in resuscitation, survival, and morbidity of extremely preterm infants in California. STUDY DESIGN: This population-based, retrospective cohort study includes infants born ≤28 weeks. Linked birth certificates and hospital discharge records were used to evaluate active resuscitation, survival, and morbidity across two epochs (2011-2014, 2015-2019). RESULTS: Of liveborn infants, 0.6% were born ≤28 weeks...

Delirium in the NICU is an underrecognized phenomenon in infants who are often complex and critically ill. The current understanding of NICU delirium is developing and can be informed by adult and pediatric literature. The NICU population faces many potential risk factors for delirium, including young age, developmental delay, mechanical ventilation, severe illness, and surgery. There are no diagnostic tools specific to infants. The mainstay of delirium treatment is to treat the underlying cause, address modifiable risk factors, and supportive care...

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This article presents a review of causes of hypogammaglobulinemia in neonates utilizing illustrative cases to demonstrate commonly seen conditions. Overall, the causes of low immunoglobulin level can be divided into three main categories: decreased maternal transfer or production (due to physiological nadir, transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, medication effects, or immunodeficiency), increased loss of immunoglobulins (from the gastrointestinal (GI) system, lymphatics, kidneys, skin disease, or blood loss) or destruction/suppression (from medication effects)...

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are common in neonates requiring intensive care. Recent studies have compared restricted versus liberal transfusion guidelines, but limitations exist on evaluations of outcomes in populations that never required a transfusion compared to those receiving any transfusion. Although there are well-established risks associated with RBC transfusions, new data has emerged that suggests additional clinically relevant associations, including adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, donor sex differences, and inflammation or immunosuppression...

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OBJECTIVE: We investigated maternal COVID-19 related experiences during delivery hospitalizations, and whether experiences differed by maternal race and ethnicity. STUDY DESIGN: Data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System among women with live births between April-December 2020 were used. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) estimated associations between maternal race and ethnicity and COVID-19 related delivery experiences...

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OBJECTIVE: Deficiencies of citrulline and arginine have been associated with adverse outcomes in preterm-infants and data regarding enteral supplementation in preterm infants is limited. STUDY DESIGN: This randomized -trial [NCT03649932] included 42 preterm infants (gestational age ≤33 weeks) randomized to receive enteral L-citrulline in low (100 mg/kg/day), medium (200 mg/kg/day) and high-dose (300 mg/kg/day) groups for 7 days. Plasma citrulline and arginine levels were obtained pre-and-post supplementation and efficacy was determined by a significant increase in levels after supplementation...

OBJECTIVE: To obtain preliminary validity data for a hypoxemic respiratory failure/pulmonary hypertension (HRF/PH) score for classifying persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of 100 consecutive neonates admitted to a Children's hospital from 2016-2021 with PPHN, gestational age ≥34 weeks, and echocardiograms in the first week. We assessed the correlation between HRF/PH score and short-term outcomes using linear and logistic regressions...

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In a 2022 survey, a majority of neonatology program directors reported regular conflict between neonatal-perinatal fellows and frontline providers (FLPs) (i.e., neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs), neonatal physician assistants (PAs), and neonatal hospitalists). This paper reviews recommendations of a multidisciplinary workgroup for creating a more collaborative unit environment that supports teamwork and education. The self-study framework is a helpful tool to identify specific pressure points at individual institutions...