European Journal of Anaesthesiology

BACKGROUND: Preoxygenation before anaesthesia induction is routinely performed via a tight-fitting facemask or humidified high-flow nasal oxygen. We hypothesised that effective preoxygenation, assessed by end-tidal oxygen (EtO2) levels, can also be performed via a standard nasal cannula. OBJECTIVE: This study compared the efficacy of preoxygenation between a traditional facemask, humidified high-flow nasal oxygen and a standard nasal cannula. DESIGN: A volunteer, randomised, crossover study...

Since 2019 when a cluster of cases with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with e-cigarettes in the United States was reported, there have been increasing numbers of reports. Electronic-cigarette or Vaping Use-associated Lung Injury (EVALI) represents a recent entity of respiratory clinical syndromes, primarily in young adults. We report a previously healthy 16-year-old boy who developed severe ARDS following a brief nonspecific prodromal phase after excessive consumption of e-cigarettes...

BACKGROUND: Neuraxial labour analgesia can be initiated with epidural (EPL), combined spinal epidural (CSE) or dural puncture epidural (DPE) and maintained with continuous epidural infusion (CEI), patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) or programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB), but the optimal analgesia modality is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of commonly used neuraxial analgesia modalities on the proportion of women needing physician interventions, as defined by the need for physician-administered epidural top-ups for inadequate analgesia in labour...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of head mounted real-time ultrasound displays (hereafter referred to as 'smart glasses') in improving hand-eye coordination in less experienced individuals, such as trainees in anaesthesia, is unclear. OBJECTIVES: To compare the first-attempt success rate of smart glasses-assisted ultrasound-guided paediatric radial artery catheterisation with conventional ultrasound guided catheterisation performed by anaesthesiology trainees. DESIGN: Prospective randomised controlled trial...

BACKGROUND: Residual neuromuscular blockade after surgery remains a major concern given its association with pulmonary complications. However, current clinical practices with and the comparative impact on perioperative risk of various reversal agents remain understudied. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the use of sugammadex and neostigmine in the USA, and their impact on postoperative complications by examining national data. DESIGN: This population-based retrospective study used national Premier Healthcare claims data...

BACKGROUND: Delays in treating anaesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia increase risks of complications and death. NPJ5008 is a novel formulation of the indicated treatment, dantrolene sodium, developed to shorten preparation and administration times compared with the reference formulation DANTRIUM IV. The two formulations have been compared preclinically. OBJECTIVES: Assess bioequivalence of overall dantrolene (free acid) exposure of NPJ5008 versus DANTRIUM IV and ascertain similarities in their pharmacokinetics and safety/tolerability profiles...

BACKGROUND: Spinal anaesthesia is now the most common technique for caesarean delivery. However, because of the intermittent nature of noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurements, maternal blood pressure may become hypotensive between the measurements. There is thus an inbuilt delay before the anaesthesiologist can intervene to counteract the hypotension. Based on the principle that changes in blood pressure can induce compensatory changes in the heart rate (HR), combining the NIBP with real-time HR, we designed two warning windows to predict hypotension and hypertension...

BACKGROUND: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a clinical problem, and large prospective studies are needed to determine its incidence, characteristics, and risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To find predictive factors for CPSP in an international survey. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Multicentre European prospective observational trial. PATIENTS: Patients undergoing breast cancer surgery, sternotomy, endometriosis surgery, or total knee arthroplasty (TKA)...

Extravascular injection of neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs) can cause a neuromuscular block because of systemic absorption. Currently, there are no guidelines available on managing extravasation of NMBDs. This article reviews the available literature on extravasation of NMBDs. Medline and Embase databases were searched for studies concerning the paravenous or subcutaneous injection of NMBDs. Nine articles were included consisting of seven case reports, one case series and one clinical trial. Rocuronium was used as primary NMBD in nine cases, vecuronium in two cases and pancuronium in one case...

BACKGROUND: Lung protective ventilation is considered standard of care in the intensive care unit. However, modifying the ventilator settings can be challenging and is time consuming. Closed loop modes of ventilation are increasingly attractive for use in critically ill patients. With closed loop ventilation, settings that are typically managed by the ICU professionals are under control of the ventilator's algorithms. OBJECTIVES: To describe the effectiveness, safety, efficacy and workload with currently available closed loop ventilation modes...

Visual Abstract, https://links.lww.com/EJA/A927.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Induction of general anaesthesia has many potential triggers for peri-operative myocardial ischaemia including the acute disturbance of blood gases that frequently follows alterations in breathing and ventilation patterns. Free-breathing oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR) imaging may provide the opportunity to continuously quantify the impact of such triggers on myocardial oxygenation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of breathing patterns that simulate induction of general anaesthesia on myocardial oxygenation in awake healthy adults using continuous OS-CMR imaging...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Anticoagulation is essential for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic events. Current guidelines recommend direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) over vitamin K antagonists in DOAC-eligible patients. The major complication of anticoagulation is serious or life-threatening haemorrhage, which may necessitate prompt haemostatic intervention. Reversal of DOACs may also be required for patients in need of urgent invasive procedures. This guideline from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) aims to provide evidence-based recommendations and suggestions on how to manage patients on DOACs undergoing urgent or emergency procedures including the treatment of DOAC-induced bleeding...