Clinics in Dermatology

Just as fire and electricity can be, and in many ways are, of great benefit to humanity and, as the papers elsewhere in this issue of Clinics in Dermatology have shown, artificial intelligence can be used for the ill and help in medicine. We offer several suggestions to counter some of the more egregious and obvious ones: AI-generated material that purports to be caused by humans and AI-generated material that purports to show actual people doing things that these people would not normally do. Both suggestions rely on methods already in existence to ensure public safety...

The development of the computer and what is now known as artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved over more than two centuries in a long series of steps. The date of the invention of the first computer is estimated at 1822, when Charles Babbage (1791-1871) developed his first design of a working computer on paper, based mainly on a Jacquard loom. He worked on his project together with Augusta Ada King, Countess Lovelace (née Byron) (Ada Lovelace) (1815-1852), whom he called the "Sorceress of Numbers." This work will present the profile and achievements of Charles Babbage, Augusta Ada King, Countess Lovelace, and Alan Mathison Turing (1912 - 1954), who is considered the father of computer science and artificial intelligence, and then provide an outline of the tumultuous events affecting AI up to the present...

We describe a novel assay and artificial intelligence (AI) driven histopathologic approach identifying dermatophytes in human skin tissue sections (i.e., B-DNA dermatophyte assay) and demonstrate, for the first time, the presence of dermatophytes in tissue using immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect canonical right-handed double-stranded (ds-) B-DNA. IHC was performed using anti-ds-B-DNA monoclonal antibodies with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues to determine the presence of dermatophytes. The B-DNA assay resulted in a more accurate identification of dermatophytes, nuclear morphology, dimensions, and gene expression of dermatophytes (i...

Artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine and dermatology brings additional challenges related to bias, transparency, ethics, security, and inequality. Bias in AI algorithms can arise from biased training data or decision-making processes, leading to disparities in healthcare outcomes. Addressing bias requires carefully examining the data used to train AI models and implementing strategies to mitigate bias during algorithm development. Transparency is another critical challenge, as AI systems often operate as black boxes, making it difficult to understand how decisions are reached...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Oculoplastics is a sub-specialty of ophthalmology/dermatology concerned with eyelid, orbital and lacrimal diseases. Artificial intelligence (AI), with its powerful ability to analyze large data sets, has dramatically benefited oculoplastics. The cutting-edge AI technology is widely applied to extract ocular parameters and to use these results for further assessment, such as screening and diagnosis of blepharoptosis and predicting the progression of thyroid eye disease. AI also assists in treatment procedures, such as surgical strategy planning in blepharoptosis...

This study explores the integration and impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnostic pathology, particularly dermatopathology, assessing its challenges and potential solutions for global healthcare enhancement. A comprehensive literature search on PubMed and Google Scholar, conducted on March 30, 2023, using terms related to AI, pathology, and machine learning, yielded 44 relevant publications. These were analyzed under themes including the evolution of deep learning in pathology, AI's role in replacing pathologists, development challenges of diagnostic algorithms, clinical implementation hurdles, strategies for practical application in dermatopathology, and future prospects of AI in this field...

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been grouped with invention of the wheel, conquest of fire, the industrial revolution, and even splitting of the atom as seminal events in the history of man. With certain reservations, we agree. Like the other such developments, however, AI may be used for good or for ill. In this issue of Clinics in Dermatology (CID) we have written/edited/contributed and have carefully selected others with relevant expertise and interest to generate a series of papers on AI both as a general topic and as AI relates specifically to dermatology...

The incidence of melanoma is increasing rapidly. This cancer has a good prognosis if detected early. For this reason, various systems of skin lesion image analysis, which support imaging diagnostics of this neoplasm, are developing very dynamically. To detect and recognize neoplastic lesions, these systems use various artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. This area of computer science applications has recently undergone dynamic development, abounding in several solutions that are an effective tool supporting diagnosticians in many medical specialties...

The use of artificial intelligence will soon be commonplace within the field of cosmetic dermatology. Current uses for artificial intelligence in the discipline have focused on empowering patients to be more involved in treatment decisions with customizable skin care, augmented reality applications, and at-home skin analysis tools. AI-driven skin analysis tools are also included in many dermatology practices, with the development of 3D facial reconstruction, including models for predicting clinical outcomes...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Seven eponyms havd been pioneered by dermatologists in Israel: Brenner's sign, Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome, granulated sweetener packet sign, isopathic the phenomenon of Sagher, lanolin paradox, Nakar-Ingber disease, and Wolf's isotopic response. In addition, three id reactions described by Israeli dermatologists are listed: leishmanid, pediculid and scabid. There is also the acronym PEMPHIGUS, which stands for the causative reasons for pemphigus. We celebrate these eponyms and clinical entities, which reflect the impressive progress made by dermatologists in Israel during the past century, which has helped to build an academic vibrant and dynamic specialty in the Holy Land...

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The risk of skin cancer in persons living with HIV (PLWH) is an evolving subject area shaped by the use of antiretroviral therapy. Keratinocyte carcinomas, including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, have a high incidence in the general population as well as in PLWH. PLWH may have a higher risk of squamous cell carcinoma when compared to the general population. In addition, Merkel cell carcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma exhibit higher incidence rates in PLWH. Data on melanoma risk are varied...

Understanding the global burden of STIs is fundamental to being able to address and control these infections and the health harms they cause. The WHO has renewed its global health sector strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections. Reducing STIs remains an integral part of HIV prevention and of sexual and reproductive health programs. Data to measure and describe the global burden continue to improve with systematic reviews and modelling providing global and regional data for the major STIs...

Dermatologists are familiar with the classical aspects of syphilis. Our objective in this update is to display novel features of sexually acquired syphilis, its pathophysiology, natural history, atypical clinical variants, skin of color, clinical pearls, and prospects. Textbook knowledge, congenital syphilis, epidemiology, and historical data are excluded.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

At the end of the 15th century, an epidemic outbreak occurred in Europe for which the cause was previously unknown. Clinical findings included numerous ulcerations and condylomas as well as disorders of the cardiovascular and neurologic systems. The disease, which had many names at the time and killed about 5 million people on the European continent, is referred to as syphilis in today's medical terminology. The epidemiology of syphilis is complex and represents an important issue, not only historically but also scientifically, in the development of medicine...