Dental Materials Journal

The study aimed to examine the fluoride (F) release potential of arginine (Arg)-incorporated F varnishes. Four commercially available F varnishes were included in the study: Duraphat® (5% NaF), Flúor Protector® (0.9% SiH2 F2 ), Fluor Protector S® (NH4 F), and Fluorimax™ (2.5% NaF). L-arginine (2% w/v.) was incorporated in these varnishes to estimate F release at 1 h, 4 h, 6 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days using an F-ion selective electrode. The media pH of eluded varnishes was estimated and primary inorganic F extraction was performed...

This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of calcium and phosphate ions release on the bioactivity and remineralization potential of glass ionomer cement (GIC). Electronic databases, including PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, were systematically searched according to PRISMA guidelines. This review was registered in the PROSPERO database. Five eligible studies on modifying GIC with calcium and phosphate ions were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoBDEMAT tool. The incorporation of these ions into GIC enhanced its bioactivity and remineralization properties...

Transparency to UV-Vis light and radiopacity of dental resin composites containing zirconia (ZrO2 ) fillers were investigated. The transparency of the resin composite containing porous ZrO2 spheres was much higher than that containing irregularly shaped ZrO2 particles. Calcination of the porous ZrO2 spheres at high temperatures led to dramatically reduced specific surface areas and pore volumes. The transparency of the resin composite containing the calcined porous ZrO2 spheres drastically decreased as the calcination temperature increased...

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) exhibit excellent mechanical properties and are used to reinforce various composites. The effects of incorporating CNFs into commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cements (NEX MTA (NEX) and ProRoot® MTA (PR)) on the underwater setting properties, compressive strength, and flowability were estimated in this study. NEX mixed without CNFs disintegrated after water immersion. NEX mixed with CNF-suspended solutions showed good setting properties under water immersion and a similar compressive strength, which was kept in air (100% relative humidity)...

This study aimed to clarify aspects of the color and translucency of 3D printed dental material with CAD/CAM blocks. Three different ceramic-containing, resin-based CAD/CAM blocks and a 3D printable resin were evaluated after thermocycled and assessed for their degree of discoloration based on colorant types and storage times. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. All materials in red wine had ∆E00 values higher than the clinically accepted threshold value...

This study aimed to evaluate the thermocycling effect on the retentive force of 3 different retentive inserts in 3 denture attachments (Blue, Pink, Clear retentive inserts in LOCATOR; Blue, Pink, Clear retentive inserts in LOCATOR R-Tx; and White, Yellow, Green retentive inserts in Novaloc) (n=10). Maximum retentive force of each retentive insert was evaluated at baseline, 7-day water storage, and after 5,000-, and 10,000- cycle thermocycling. The water absorption percentage of the retentive inserts was also determined...

This study aimed to apply finite element analysis to evaluate the effects of pile materials with different elastic moduli and cement materials on the stress distribution between the remaining tooth tissue and cryptic fracture defects. A three-dimensional finite element model was established for 20 maxillary first molars with hidden fissures and mesial tongue-tip defects. Two levels of hidden cracks and three types of pile and adhesive materials were used in the design. The stress distribution and maximum stress peak in the remaining tooth tissue and crack defects were determined by simulating the normal bite, maximum bite, and lateral movement forces...

The objective of this study is to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) and the morphological characteristics and chemical compositions of the base surface of newly bonded and rebonded ceramic brackets with different mechanical retention bases. Sixty extracted human premolars were divided into the newly bonded and rebonded groups. Ceramic brackets with patterned, laser-etched, and particle-coated patterned bases were randomly bonded to the tooth samples in each group (n=10 per base type). The rebonded brackets exhibited significantly lower SBS than the newly bonded brackets (p<0...

Functional nano-fillers are commonly used to reduce bacterial colonization in dentistry. This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the biological effects of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NP) obtained by mechanosynthesis. XRD, TEM, FT-IR, and UV-Vis were used to characterize MgO-NP which were subsequently tested for their activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The effects of MgO-NP on osteoblast cells were also analyzed. Three variables were studied: microbial inhibition by optical density (OD; 570-nm), viability estimated by colony-forming-units, and cell proliferation...

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the vertical and volumetric wear characteristics of CAD/CAM materials. The microhardness and color stability were evaluated. A polymer infiltrated ceramic network CAD/CAM block, resin nanoceramic CAD/CAM blocks, a resin composite, and enamel tissue were investigated. Samples were loaded in a chewing simulator. Other samples were aged and immersed in coffee. Color change was evaluated using the digital image analysis and a spectrophotometer. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U, Friedman, Spearman's rho tests (p<0...

Monetite granules were reported to be able to balance osteoclastic resorption and new bone formation. However, to date, the dehydration of preset brushite has been the well-known method for preparing monetite granules. In the present study, for the first time, monetite granules could be prepared from the phase transformation of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) granules through immersion in NaH2 PO4 solution under hydrothermal conditions. CSD granules could be fully transformed into monetite granules at a reaction temperature of 125°C for 24 h...

This study evaluated the influence of different translucent resins (Z350 and Opallis) for customizing fiber posts and light-curing the cementation system using different LED equipment (V, Valo or R, Radii-Cal) on the bond strength and adhesive failure pattern at 24 h and 6 months. Eighty roots were prepared and divided into 4 groups (n=20): ZV (Z350 resin and LED Valo), ZR (Z350 resin and LED Radii-Cal), OV (Opallis resin and LED Valo), OR (Opallis resin and LED Radii-Cal). After post space preparation, the fiber post was customized and cemented with self-adhesive cement and light-curing using V or R LED equipment...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of dentin deproteinization protocols for post space using different formulations containing sodium hypochlorite before fiber post cementation with self-adhesive resinous cement. The groups were divided according to the irrigation protocol (DWC, SHS, SHT and SHG). The residue cleanliness, bond strength, adhesive failure pattern, and tag formation at the adhesive interface between the self-adhesive cement and the dentin were evaluated. For this, analysis in scanning electron microscope, push-out test and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed...

This study investigated the degree of phase transformation, surface roughness, and bond strength of zirconia immersed for various times in a 40% hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution. Non-etched sintered zirconia specimens were used as the control, while experimental groups were etched with a 40% HF solution for 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 min. In each of the control and experimental groups, five specimens for X-ray diffraction analysis, four for surface morphology and surface roughness analysis, and ten for bonding strength measurement were used...

Using finite-element analysis, we aimed to determine the center of resistance (CRes) of the maxillary canine for setting orthodontic forces. The inclination of the canine was measured by first loading from the mesial to the distal side of the mesial root surface, then the position and direction of the load that minimized the inclination were investigated. The CRes was defined as the set of midpoints of the minimum distances between two inclination lines. Twenty-one CRes values were calculated from a set of seven lines...

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of surface pretreatment on the shear bond strength of resin luting cement to saliva-contaminated resin core foundation. The surface free energy (γS ) of the adherent surfaces was examined. The two-way analysis of variance revealed that the surface pretreatment and storage conditions had a significant effect on the strength of the bond to resin core foundation. The γS values of the saliva-contaminated group were significantly lower than those of the other groups, and they tended to improve after surface pretreatment...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have great potential as cell sources for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This study aimed to investigate whether iPS cells can be differentiated into MSCs using MSCGM, a commercially available MSC culture system. The cells were characterized by flow cytometry, immunostaining, and gene expression analyses. We also examined their potential to differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Our results showed that iPS cells cultured in MSCGM (iPS-MSCGM) exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology and expressed CD73 and CD90 genes, as well as positive markers for CD73, CD90, and CD105...

Dental bases require low thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties, such as bonding with composite resins. This study aims to elucidate the physicochemical properties of premixed mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for its suitability as a dental base and to explore the optimal adhesive strategy with composite resin. The thermal conductivity and compressive strength of this premixed MTA are 0.12 W/(m•K) and 93.76 MPa, respectively, Which are deemed adequate for its application as dental base. When bonded to composite resin, the use of 37% phosphoric acid etching before applying the Clearfil SE bond significantly reduced the bonding strength between composite resin and premixed MTA...

Traditionally, simulation studies in dentistry have relied on the finite element method (FEM). However, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, which represents objects as particle collections without the use of meshes, has gained recent attention. Despite its application in dentistry, there is currently a lack of comprehensive literature summarizing the specific applications of the SPH method in the oral region. This review aims to provide a summary of studies that have utilized the SPH method in dentistry, focusing on its applications in analyzing large deformations, such as dental ceramic collisions, soft material analysis (e...

This study aimed to assess the effect of different calcium silicate-based root canal sealers (CSRS) on osteogenic effect in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). hPDLCs were cultured in a medium containing extract of 5 types of CSRS. The specimens were assessed by the cell cytotoxicity test, alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diluted concentrations of extracted solutions had no significant effect on the viability of hPDLCs...