International Journal of Eating Disorders

OBJECTIVE: Gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly postprandial fullness, are frequently reported in eating disorders. Limited data exist evaluating how these symptoms change in response to outpatient psychological treatment. The current study sought to describe the course of postprandial fullness and early satiation across psychological treatment for adults with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorders and to test if anxiety moderates treatment response...

OBJECTIVE: Knowledge on predictors for treatment response to psychotherapy in binge-eating disorder (BED) is mixed and not yet available for increasingly popular neurofeedback (NF) treatment targeting self-regulation of aberrant brain activity. This study examined eating disorder- and psychopathology-related predictors for NF treatment success in BED. METHOD: Patients with BED (N = 78) were randomized to 12 sessions of real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy (rtfNIRS)-NF, targeting individual prefrontal cortex signal up-regulation, electroencephalography (EEG)-NF, targeting down-regulation of fronto-central beta activity, or waitlist (WL)...

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about how individuals with atypical anorexia nervosa (AN) respond to eating disorder (ED) treatment in a partial hospitalization program (PHP), nor how certain factors such as trauma, childhood abuse, psychiatric comorbidity, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors might contribute to poor treatment outcomes. Thus, the current study (1) compares prevalence of these factors between individuals with AN and atypical AN upon admission to an ED PHP, (2) compares PHP treatment response between groups, and (3) investigates whether experiencing these factors impacts treatment outcomes...

OBJECTIVE: Approximately 25% of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) experience a chronic form of the disorder, referred to as severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (SE-AN). Although the classification of SE-AN remains preliminary, there have been increasing calls for a harm reduction-based, collaborative treatment model for these patients. To provide such care for patients with SE-AN, it is critical to listen to and learn from their lived experiences. METHOD: Patients (N = 17) admitted to an inpatient eating disorders program who met initial criteria for SE-AN completed semi-structured interviews about the course of their illness and prior treatment episodes...

OBJECTIVE: There has been no review on eating disorder-focused psychological interventions in East Asia. The aims of this systematic scoping review were to summarize existing and forthcoming studies and to synthesize the cultural adaptations and effectiveness of the interventions identified. METHOD: Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Global Health, Medline, PsychInfo) and seven trial registries were searched. Studies examining eating disorder (ED)-focused psychological interventions in East Asia were included...

OBJECTIVE: To study the plasma lipidome of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) before and after weight restoration treatment and report associations with AN subtypes and oral contraceptive pill (OCP) usage. METHODS: Quantitative shotgun lipidomics analysis was used to study plasma lipids of 50 female patients with AN before and after weight restoration treatment and 50 healthy female controls (HC). The AN group was assessed with blood samples and questionnaires before and after weight restoration...

BACKGROUND: The development and advancement of treatment and care options is one priority in the field of eating disorders. The inclusion of persons with lived experience with eating disorders into clinical research could enrich and accelerate this endeavor, as they can add different perspectives on the disease and its treatment. Although lived experience perspectives are increasingly part of eating disorder research, they have not been widely or structurally implemented into clinical trials and there is limited information on the practice of participatory research, its framework and consequences...

Drawing from literature on measurement-based care and prognostic indices in eating disorder (ED) treatment, Wade et al. offer an algorithm for treating co-occurring mental-health conditions (i.e., psychiatric comorbidity) in people with EDs, and for studying effects of comorbidity-oriented treatments. Advocating session-by-session measurement to inform adaptive treatment, their proposal outlines a process for adjusting conventional ED treatment to situations in which comorbidity impedes treatment progress. The plan is methodical and responsive to evidence suggesting that peoples' early in-treatment change has more power, prognostically, than do indices of comorbidity...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the association between cyberbullying and eating disorder symptoms in a national sample of 10-14-year-old early adolescents. METHOD: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (Year 2, 2018-2020, N = 10,258/11,875, 49% female, 46% non-White). Data were collected using multi-stage probability sampling. Modified Poisson regression analyses examined the association between cyberbullying and self-reported eating disorder symptoms based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS-5)...

It is well known that individuals with an eating disorder frequently experience a wide range of co-occurring mental health conditions which significantly impact eating disorders and quality of life. Clinicians attempt a variety of strategies to deal with the behavioral complexity of such co-occurrence, but little is known about empirically based interventions to treat this common comorbidity. The approach articulated by Wade and Colleagues highlights a potentially valuable strategy for empirically examining a range of treatment strategies to target the full spectrum of eating disorder psychopathology experienced by most patients with eating disorders...

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders (ED) are severe psychiatric disorders, commonly debuting early. Aberrances in the intrauterine environment and at birth have been associated with risk of ED. Here, we explore if, and at what effect size, a variety of such exposures associate with offspring ED, that is, anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). METHODS: This population-based cohort study, conducted from September 2021 to August 2023, used Finnish national registries of all live births in 1996-2014 (N = 1,097,753)...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between adolescent hospitalization for suicide attempts and the subsequent risk of eating disorder hospitalization. METHOD: This was a cohort study of 162,398 adolescent girls in Quebec, Canada, including 7741 with suicide attempts before 20 years of age, matched to 154,657 adolescents with no attempt between 1989 and 2019. The main exposure measure was suicide attempt hospitalization. The main outcome measure was hospitalization for an eating disorder up to 31 years later, including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and other eating disorders...

OBJECTIVE: Circadian rhythm disruptions are associated with binge eating, can be causal of negative mood, and may be corrected with bright light exposure. A subtype of individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders are characterized by combined high dietary restraint and negative affect. These individuals have higher eating disorder psychopathology and poorer treatment response. We aimed to test the targeted effects of morning bright light exposure on individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders, hypothesizing significant reductions in binge eating for those characterized by high dietary restraint and negative affect...

OBJECTIVE: Literature suggests that transgender, non-binary, and/or gender expansive (TNG) people are more likely than cisgender peers to experience eating disorders (EDs) and engage in dangerous weight control behaviors. TNG individuals with EDs are dramatically higher risk for self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors than cisgender peers with EDs or TNG peers without EDs, and often engage in ED symptoms/behaviors to alleviate gender dysphoria. Yet, no treatment paradigms have yet been adapted for TNG-specific ED care...

OBJECTIVE: Eating disorder (ED) behaviors are often characterized as indirect forms of self-harm. However, recent research has found less clear demarcations between direct self-harming behaviors (e.g., nonsuicidal self-injury [NSSI], suicidal behaviors) than previously assumed. The aim of this study was to replicate findings of this prior research on adult populations in adolescents with a history of restrictive eating. METHOD: A total of 117 adolescents between ages 12-14 were included in the study...

OBJECTIVE: Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized as obsessional healthy eating that results in malnutrition and/or psychosocial impairment. Yet, ON shares theoretical overlap with eating disorders (EDs), especially anorexia nervosa (AN), as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study aimed to further understand ON and its overlap with related disorders by assessing the ability of ON for detecting the presence/absence of threshold ED, AN, and OCD symptoms. METHOD: An observational survey was completed by 197 participants recruited through eating disorder, dieting, and mental health support groups...

OBJECTIVE: Self-compassion has an inverse association with dietary restraint however, the mechanisms linking self-compassion and dietary restraint are not clear. This study aimed to determine to what extent self-compassion was inversely concurrently related to dietary restraint, indirectly through body-related self-conscious emotions, and to what extent trait self-compassion moderated the concurrent within-person association between body-related self-conscious emotions and dietary restraint...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Human behaviors, thoughts, and emotions are guided by memories of the past. Thus, there can be little doubt that memory plays a fundamental role in the behaviors (e.g., binging), thoughts (e.g., body-image concerns), and emotions (e.g., guilt) that characterize eating disorders (EDs). Although a growing body of research has begun to investigate the role of memory in EDs, this literature is limited in numerous ways and has yet to be integrated into an overarching framework. METHODS: In the present article, we provide an operational framework for characterizing different domains of memory, briefly review existing ED memory research within this framework, and highlight crucial gaps in the literature...

OBJECTIVE: This Phase II, placebo-controlled, double-blind study investigated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of nivasorexant in the treatment of adults with moderate to severe binge-eating disorder (BED). METHODS: Adults meeting the DSM-5 BED criteria were randomized 1:1 to placebo or nivasorexant (100 mg b.i.d.). The primary endpoint was the change from baseline to Week 12 in the number of binge eating (BE) days per week. Exploratory efficacy endpoints included cessation of BE in the last 4 weeks of treatment; and change from baseline to Week 12 in the number of BE episodes/week, the clinician global impression (CGI) of change, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale modified for BE, and the Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD-17)...