journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37544060/the-role-of-dietary-potassium-in-the-cardiovascular-protective-effects-of-plant-based-diets
#41
REVIEW
Olgert Bardhi, Deborah J Clegg, Biff F Palmer
Dietary intervention is an essential factor in managing a multitude of chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. In recent decades, there has been a host of research suggesting the potential benefit of plant-based diets in mitigating the health outcomes of these conditions. Plant-based diets are rich in vegetables and fruits, while limiting processed food and animal protein sources. The underlying physiological mechanism involves the interaction of several macronutrients and micronutrients such as plant protein, carbohydrates, and dietary potassium...
August 4, 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37541069/is-there-a-need-to-modernize-and-simplify-the-diagnostic-criteria-of-protein-energy-wasting
#42
REVIEW
Laetitia Koppe, Robert H Mak
Protein energy wasting(PEW) is a term that most nephrologists used to define nutritional disorders in patients with acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Although this nomenclature is well implemented in the field of nephrology, the use of other terms such as cachexia or malnutritionin the majority of chronic diseases can induce confusion regarding the definition and interpretation of these terms. There is ample evidence in the literature that the pathways involved in cachexia/malnutrition and PEW are common...
August 2, 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536078/introduction-conservative-kidney-management
#43
EDITORIAL
Samantha Gelfand
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
August 1, 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37524007/hospice-care-in-conservative-kidney-management
#44
REVIEW
Alexandra E Bursic, Jane O Schell
Hospice care offers multidisciplinary expertise to optimize symptom management and quality of life for patients with limited life expectancy and help ensure that patients receive care that reflects their personal goals and values. Many patients receiving conservative kidney management (CKM) and their loved ones can benefit from the additional support that hospice provides, particularly as symptom burdens and functional status worsen over the last few months of life. We provide an overview of hospice services and how they may benefit patients receiving CKM, describe the evolution of optimal CKM strategies and collaboration between nephrology and hospice clinicians over the course of disease progression, and explore challenges to effective hospice care delivery for patients with chronic kidney disease and how to address them...
July 29, 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37499572/conservative-kidney-management-in-kidney-transplant-populations
#45
REVIEW
Naoka Murakami, Amanda J Reich, Martha Pavlakis, Joshua R Lakin
Conservative kidney management (CKM) has been increasingly accepted as a therapeutic option for seriously ill patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. CKM is active medical management of advanced chronic kidney disease without dialysis, with a focus on delaying the worsening of kidney disease and minimizing symptom burden. CKM may be considered a suitable option for kidney transplant recipients with poorly functioning and declining allografts, defined as patients with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (<20 mL/min per 1...
July 25, 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37968179/acute-kidney-injury-gaps-and-opportunities-for-knowledge-and-growth
#46
REVIEW
Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Javier A Neyra, Rajit K Basu
Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently in hospitalized patients, regardless of age or prior medical history. Increasing awareness of the epidemiologic problem of AKI has directly led to increased study of global recognition, diagnostic tools, both reactive and proactive management, and analysis of long-term sequelae. Many gaps remain, however, and in this article we highlight opportunities to add significantly to the increasing bodies of evidence surrounding AKI. Practical considerations related to initiation, prescription, anticoagulation, and monitoring are discussed...
July 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37968178/tubular-diseases-and-stones-seen-from-pediatric-and-adult-nephrology-perspectives
#47
REVIEW
Johannes Münch, Paul R Goodyer, Carsten A Wagner
The tubular system of the kidneys is a complex series of morphologic and functional units orchestrating the content of tubular fluid as it flows along the nephron and collecting ducts. Renal tubules maintain body water, regulate electrolytes and acid-base balance, reabsorb precious organic solutes, and eliminate specific metabolites, toxins, and drugs. In addition, decisive mechanisms to adjust blood pressure are governed by the renal tubules. Genetic as well as acquired disorders of these tubular functions may cause serious diseases that manifest both in childhood and adulthood...
July 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37951795/approach-to-diagnosis-and-management-of-hypertension-a-comprehensive-and-combined-pediatric-and-adult-perspective
#48
REVIEW
Sabine Karam, Debbie L Cohen, Pauline Abou Jaoude, Janis Dionne, FangChao Linda Ding, Anika Garg, Elliot Koranteng Tannor, Rahul Chanchlani
The global prevalence of primary hypertension has been increasing both in children and in the adolescent and adult populations and can be attributed to changes in lifestyle factors with an obesity epidemic, increased salt consumption, and sedentary lifestyles. Childhood blood pressure is the strongest predictor of adult hypertension. Although hypertension in adults is associated strongly with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and mortality, outcomes in children are defined less clearly...
July 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37945450/glomerular-diseases-across-lifespan-key-differences-in-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-approaches
#49
REVIEW
Martin Windpessl, Balazs Odler, Ingeborg M Bajema, Duvuru Geetha, Marcus Säemann, Jiwon M Lee, Augusto Vaglio, Andreas Kronbichler
Glomerular diseases are common causes of chronic kidney disease in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The epidemiology of glomerular diseases differs between different age groups, with minimal change disease being the leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in childhood, while membranous nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis are more common in adulthood. IgA vasculitis is also more common in childhood. Moreover, there is a difference in disease severity with more children presenting with a relapsing form of nephrotic syndrome and a more acute presentation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and concomitant glomerulonephritis, as highlighted by the higher percentage of cellular crescents on kidney biopsy specimens in comparison with older patients...
July 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37918206/role-of-cell-based-therapies-in-t2d
#50
REVIEW
Sudipta Ashe, Matthias Hebrok
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has become a global epidemic affecting the health of millions of people. T2D is a complex and multifactorial metabolic disease, largely characterized by a combination of impaired insulin secretion from β cells residing within the islets of the pancreas and peripheral insulin resistance. In this article, we discuss the current state and risk factors for T2D, conventional treatment options, and upcoming strategies, including progress in the areas of allogeneic and xenogeneic islet transplantation, with a major focus on stem cell-derived β cells and associated technologies...
May 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37871362/management-of-heart-failure-with-reduced-ejection-fraction-in-patients-with-diabetes-mellitus-and-chronic-kidney-disease
#51
REVIEW
Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Ahmed Mustafa Rashid, Tariq Shafi, Joao Pedro Ferreira, Javed Butler
Heart failure (HF), diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently coexist, with one comorbidity worsening the prognosis of another. β-blockers, angiotensin-receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors all have been shown to reduce mortality in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction. However, their uptake in real-world clinical practice remains low, especially among patients who have multiple other comorbidities such as CKD and diabetes...
May 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37865982/role-of-inflammation-in-progression-of-chronic-kidney-disease-in-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-clinical-implications
#52
REVIEW
Yasuhiro Oda, Hiroshi Nishi, Masaomi Nangaku
Progression of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes has been understood conventionally as a consequence of intraglomerular hemodynamic changes and aberrant metabolic pathways. However, an increasing body of experimental evidence has highlighted the role of inflammatory response in the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Macrophage polarization in response to specific microenvironmental stimuli affects the pathology of diabetic kidneys. The diabetic milieu also up-regulates inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules, and promotes inflammatory signal transduction pathways, including inflammasomes...
May 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37865981/flattening-the-playing-field-for-treatment-of-diabetic-kidney-disease
#53
REVIEW
Keith C Norris, Sandra F Williams, Robert Nee
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains a major health care issue and is beset with significant racial and ethnic disparities in regard to its incidence, progression, and complication rate. An individual's health is influenced strongly by an array of societal-level factors commonly called the social determinants of health. Among these, DKD is influenced highly by structured resources and opportunities, as well as an individual's socioeconomic status, health insurance status, access to care, education, health literacy, nutrition, green space exposure, level of trust in the medical community, and more...
May 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37862743/sixty-years-of-confronting-diabetes-and-kidney-disease
#54
REVIEW
Friedrich C Luft
The good old days were not good, at least in terms of treating patients with type 2 diabetes. In the 1960s, the development of a radioimmunoassay for insulin permitted determination of the distinguishing features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The latter was treated with sulfonylureas and then phenformin, although the mechanisms of action at the time were unknown. The University Group Diabetes Program was a randomized controlled trial experienced by my medical generation, and the results were dramatic, both medically and legally...
May 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37857231/incorporating-evidence-and-guidelines-for-personalized-care-of-diabetes-and-chronic-kidney-disease
#55
REVIEW
Joshua J Neumiller, Radica Z Alicic, Katherine R Tuttle
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a particularly challenging diabetes complication. Diabetes now is responsible for half of all cases of CKD, thus making diabetes the most common cause of kidney failure worldwide. In patients with diabetes, CKD frequently coexists with heart failure and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which together are associated with marked increases in the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Fortunately, new therapeutic agents from several classes now are available with proven benefits for kidney and heart protection when used in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD...
May 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37001336/progress-in-kidney-health-in-low-resource-settings-building-a-more-equitable-world-introduction
#56
EDITORIAL
Cal H Robinson, Rulan S Parekh
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 29, 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36966563/the-impact-of-low-socioeconomic-status-on-progression-of-chronic-kidney-disease-in-low-and-lower-middle-income-countries
#57
REVIEW
Elliot Koranteng Tannor, Onu Ugochi Chika, Ikechi G Okpechi
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing in prevalence and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially in low- and lower middle-income countries (LLMICs). Risk factors for CKD are numerous and may start in utero through to adulthood. Low socioeconomic status increases the risk of CKD and contributes to late presentation and suboptimal management especially in LLMICs. This leads to progression to kidney failure with associated increased mortality when kidney replacement therapy is required...
March 24, 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37898028/diet-and-metabolism-in-ckd-related-metabolic-acidosis
#58
REVIEW
Anita Vincent-Johnson, Brenda Davy, Julia J Scialla
Metabolic acidosis is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease that occurs when the daily nonvolatile acid load produced in metabolism cannot be excreted fully by the kidney. A reduction in urine net acid excretion coupled with a high nonvolatile acid load may play a role in its pathogenesis. Diet is important in generation of the nonvolatile acid load. Acids are produced from metabolism of dietary protein and from the endogenous production of organic anions from neutral precursors. Acids can be balanced by alkali precursors ingested in the diet in the form of combustible organic anions...
March 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37871488/introduction-advances-in-nutrition-management-in-chronic-kidney-disease
#59
EDITORIAL
Angela Yee-Moon Wang
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37639931/sodium-management-in-kidney-disease-old-stories-new-tricks
#60
REVIEW
Rengin Elsurer Afsar, Baris Afsar, Talat Alp Ikizler
Excessive dietary sodium intake is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, especially in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although implementation of a low-sodium diet in patients with CKD generally is recommended, data supporting the efficacy of this practice is mostly opinion-based. Few controlled studies have investigated the specific association of dietary sodium intake and cardiovascular events and mortality in CKD. Furthermore, in epidemiologic studies, the association of sodium intake with CKD progression, cardiovascular risk, and mortality is not homogeneous, and both low- and high-sodium intake has been associated with adverse health outcomes in different studies...
March 2023: Seminars in Nephrology
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