journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37729716/association-between-food-insecurity-and-depressive-symptoms-among-adolescents-aged-12-15-years-from-22-low-and-middle-income-countries
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lee Smith, Guillermo F López Sánchez, Hans Oh, Masoud Rahmati, Mark A Tully, Dong Keon Yon, Laurie Butler, Yvonne Barnett, Graham Ball, Jae Il Shin, Ai Koyanagi
Food insecurity may be a risk factor for depression in adolescents. However, data on this topic from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce, despite food insecurity being most common in LMICs. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between food-insecurity and depressive symptoms among school-going adolescents from 22 LMICs. Cross-sectional data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey were analyzed. Self-report measures assessed past 12-month depressive symptoms and past 30-day food insecurity (hunger)...
September 17, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37738682/youth-screening-depression-validation-of-the-patient-health-questionnaire-9-phq-9-in-a-representative-sample-of-adolescents
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero, Adriana Díez-Gómez, Alicia Pérez-Albéniz, Susana Al-Halabí, Beatriz Lucas-Molina, Martin Debbané
BACKGROUND: Depression symptoms and mood disorders constitute one of the major public health challenges among youths. Thus, early prevention and intervention for depression should be a priority. The main goal of the present study was to validate the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores in a school-based sample of non-clinical adolescents. METHOD: Stratified random sampling was conducted. Participants were 2235 students (M = 14.49, SD =1.76, range= 12-18 years), 52...
September 16, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37738684/real-world-efficacy-and-safety-of-various-accelerated-deep-tms-protocols-for-major-depression
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiftach Roth, Colleen A Hanlon, Gaby Pell, Samuel Zibman, Tal Harmelech, Owen S Muir, Carlene MacMillan, Tim Prestley, David C Purselle, Thomas Knightly, Aron Tendler
There is growing interest in accelerated rTMS dosing regimens, wherein multiple sessions of rTMS are applied per day. This Phase IV study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and durability of various accelerated Deep TMS protocols used in clinical practice. Data were aggregated from 111 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) at 4 sites. Patients received one of several accelerated Deep TMS protocols (2x/day, 3x/day, 5x/day, 10x/day). Self-assessment questionnaires (PHQ-9, BDI-II) and clinician-based rating scales (HDRS-21, MADRS) were collected...
September 14, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37716319/investigating-the-cause-and-maintenance-of-anorexia-nervosa-the-i-can-study-protocol-and-open-call-for-study-sites-and-collaboration
#4
LETTER
Andrea Phillipou, Scarlett Croce, Larry A Abel, David J Castle, Brian Dean, Nina Eikelis, Rosiel Elwyn, Caroline Gurvich, Zoe Jenkins, Denny Meyer, Stephanie Miles, Erica Neill, Christina Ralph-Nearman, Tetyana Rocks, Susan L Rossell, Anu Ruusunen, Tamara N Simpson, Gemma Urbini, Madeline West, Amy Malcolm
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 12, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37738683/introducing-an-interview-based-cognitive-assessment-tool-for-people-with-schizophrenia-in-ethiopia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yohannes Gebreegziabhere, Kassahun Habatmu, Matteo Cella, Atalay Alem
Assessment of cognitive impairment in people with schizophrenia (PWS) is limited in low and middle-income countries due to lack of context-appropriate measures. This study aimed to select, adapt, and evaluate an interview-based cognitive tool for PWS in Ethiopia. The study was carried out in three phases. In the first phase, we followed a rigorous instrument selection procedure to select a tool for adaptation. We then applied a rigorous instrument adaption procedure, including interviews with 24 participants...
September 11, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37716321/cognitive-intraindividual-variability-cognitive-impairment-and-psychosocial-functioning-in-first-episode-psychosis-patients
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A M Sánchez-Torres, E García de Jalón, G J Gil-Berrozpe, V Peralta, M J Cuesta
Cognitive intraindividual variability (IIV) refers to fluctuations in performance across tasks (i.e. dispersion) or in a single task on multiple occasions (i.e. inconsistency). Little is known about IIV in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). We aimed to explore the association between IIV and both global cognitive performance and psychosocial functioning in a sample of 103 FEP patients. Patients were recruited at discharge from the PEPsNa program, a FEP follow-up intervention program lasting 24 months...
September 11, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37717545/social-disadvantage-in-early-psychosis-and-its-effect-on-clinical-presentation-and-service-access-engagement-and-use
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eliza Fordham, Caroline X Gao, Kate Filia, Brian O'Donoghue, Catherine Smith, Shona Francey, Debra Rickwood, Nic Telford, Andrew Thompson, Ellie Brown
Incidence of psychosis varies geographically due to factors such as social disadvantage. Whether this influences the clinical presentation and/or engagement of those experiencing psychosis remains relatively understudied. This study analysed data from young people across Australia accessing ultra-high risk (UHR) or first episode psychosis (FEP) services delivered through the headspace Early Psychosis (hEP) program between June 2017 and March 2021. The cohort was categorised into low, middle, and high tertiles of social disadvantage using the Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage (IRSD)...
September 10, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37716320/exercise-as-an-add-on-treatment-in-individuals-with-schizophrenia-results-from-a-large-multicenter-randomized-controlled-trial
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabel Maurus, Lukas Roell, Moritz Lembeck, Irina Papazova, David Greska, Susanne Muenz, Elias Wagner, Mattia Campana, Rebecca Schwaiger, Thomas Schneider-Axmann, Kerstin Rosenberger, Martin Hellmich, Eliska Sykorova, Cristina E Thieme, Bob O Vogel, Carolin Harder, Sebastian Mohnke, Charlotte Huppertz, Astrid Roeh, Katriona Keller-Varady, Berend Malchow, Henrik Walter, Bernd Wolfarth, Wolfgang Wölwer, Karsten Henkel, Dusan Hirjak, Andrea Schmitt, Alkomiet Hasan, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Peter Falkai
Current treatment methods do not achieve recovery for most individuals with schizophrenia, and symptoms such as negative symptoms and cognitive deficits often persist. Aerobic endurance training has been suggested as a potential add-on treatment targeting both physical and mental health. We performed a large-scale multicenter, rater-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial in individuals with stable schizophrenia. Participants underwent a professionally supervised six-month training comprising either aerobic endurance training (AET) or flexibility, strengthening, and balance training (FSBT, control group), follow-up was another six months...
September 10, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37713923/the-transition-to-schizophrenia-spectrum-disorder-from-a-first-psychotic-episode-that-did-or-did-not-appear-to-be-induced-by-substance-use
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucía Inchausti, Inigo Gorostiza, Miguel Angel Gonzalez Torres, Rodrigo Oraa
The first years following a first-episode psychosis (FEP) are crucial. This retrospective cohort study investigates the evolution of first-episode psychosis (FEP), including substance-induced psychosis (SIP), and explores factors influencing the diagnostic conversion to Schizophrenia or Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD). Diagnoses of patients discharged from Basurto University Hospital's inpatient psychiatry unit between January 2002 and December 2016 were reviewed. Sociodemographic, clinical, and substance use data, including cannabinoids, opioids, amphetamines, cocaine, and alcohol, were collected...
September 10, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37708806/incident-mental-health-episodes-after-initiation-of-gabapentinoids-vs-dopamine-agonists-for-early-onset-idiopathic-restless-legs-syndrome
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brianna Costales, Scott M Vouri, Joshua D Brown, Barry Setlow, Amie J Goodin
Limited long-term safety information exists for gabapentinoid treatment of idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS). We estimated incident mental health-related emergency department visits and hospitalizations with a primary mental health diagnosis (primary outcome) among early-onset idiopathic RLS patients following first-line treatment initiation and examined outcome risk with gabapentinoids compared with dopamine agonists (DAs). A retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative claims data from 2012 to 2019...
September 10, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37708804/executive-functions-in-non-suicidal-self-injury-comorbid-first-episode-and-drug-na%C3%A3-ve-depression-among-adolescents
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanni Wang, Yue Zhou, Guohua Li, Peiwu Qin, Jiesi Wang, Ling Qi, Linling Li, Yang Wang, Jianhong Wang, Junchang Li, Zhen Liang, Yongjie Zhou
Executive functions(EFs) may be associated with the emergence of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI) due to their role as behavior controllers. EFs includes three core cognitive processes: inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility(i.e. the ability to selectively alter cognitive strategies to generate appropriate behavior in the changing environment). This study aimed to systematically explore the three core EFs in depressed adolescents with NSSI. The data was obtained from the baseline data of the Chinese adolescent depression Cohort...
September 10, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37734242/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-and-risk-of-first-time-and-repeated-opioid-related-hospitalizations-among-world-trade-center-health-registry-enrollees
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sascha K Garrey, Sean Locke, Cristina Pollari, Jiehui Li, Erin Takemoto
In 2021, and average of 220 deaths from opioid-related overdoses occurred daily in the US. Recent evidence suggests there is an association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and increased opioid misuse, while little is known about opioid-related hospitalizations. This study used data from the World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR), a longitudinal cohort consisting of individuals directly exposed to the September 11th terrorist attacks with a high prevalence of resulting PTSD (3.8-29.6%). We linked WTCHR data to New York State hospitalization data to examine the question: do opioid-related hospitalizations (first time and repeated) differ by PTSD status...
September 9, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37717547/the-role-of-the-gut-microbiome-in-weight-gain-in-schizophrenia-patients-treated-with-atypical-antipsychotics-evidence-based-on-altered-composition-and-function-in-a-cross-sectional-study
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinyu Fang, Chunying Gao, Weifeng Wu, Xiuxiu Hu, Miaomiao Shao, Chou Zhou, Renliang Cai, Jin Fang, Yi Li, Yue Xu, Xiangrong Zhang
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore the interconnection between the weight-gain in schizophrenia patients with atypical antipsychotic treatment and gut microbiome. METHODS: This study employed a cross-sectional design, encompassing a total of 88 schizophrenia patients with long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to identify gut microbiome contents. RESULTS: No significant differences in alpha diversity between normal-weight and overweight schizophrenia treated with atypical antipsychotics...
September 9, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37708807/prevalence-of-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-in-adults-umbrella-review-of-evidence-generated-across-the-globe
#14
REVIEW
Getinet Ayano, Light Tsegay, Yitbarek Gizachew, Mogesie Necho, Kalkidan Yohannes, Mebratu Abraha, Sileshi Demelash, Tamrat Anbesaw, Rosa Alati
BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a class of neurodevelopmental disorders which is commonly diagnosed in school-age children, but it can occur in any age group. To provide a robust synthesis of published evidence on the prevalence of ADHD in adults, we conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. METHODS: The review was guided by preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). We searched PsychINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus to retrieve pertinent studies...
September 9, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37690192/functional-connectivity-in-people-at-clinical-and-familial-high-risk-for-schizophrenia
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jian Zhang, Yaxin Yang, Tiantian Liu, Zhongyan Shi, Guangying Pei, Li Wang, Jinglong Wu, Shintaro Funahashi, Dingjie Suo, Changming Wang, Tianyi Yan
Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ) exhibit compromised functional connectivity within extensive brain networks. However, the precise development of this impairment during disease progression in the clinical high-risk (CHR) population and their relatives remains unclear. Our study leveraged data from 128 resting electroencephalography (EEG) channels acquired from 30 SZ patients, 21 CHR individuals, 17 unaffected healthy relatives (RSs; those at heightened SZ risk due to family history), and 31 healthy controls (HCs)...
September 8, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37729717/adjunctive-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-tdcs-plus-sodium-benzoate-for-the-treatment-of-early-phase-alzheimer-s-disease-a-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-trial
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hsien-Yuan Lane, Shi-Heng Wang, Chieh-Hsin Lin
Previous studies found that an NMDA receptor (NMDAR) enhancer, sodium benzoate, improved cognitive function of patients with early-phase Alzheimer's disease (AD). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity and strengthens cognitive function of AD patients. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of tDCS plus benzoate in early-phase dementia. In this 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 97 patients with early-phase AD received 10-session tDCS during the first 2 weeks...
September 7, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37722239/clinical-improvement-in-schizophrenia-during-antipsychotic-treatment-in-relation-to-changes-in-glucose-parameters-a-systematic-review
#17
REVIEW
Emily Chen Chen Smith, Emily Au, Sandra Pereira, Eesha Sharma, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Gary Remington, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Margaret Hahn
Antipsychotics (APs) are the cornerstone of treatment for schizophrenia (SCZ) spectrum disorders. Previous research suggests that there may be a positive association between AP-induced weight gain and/or dyslipidemia and improvement in psychiatric symptoms, often referred to as a "metabolic threshold". To determine whether a similar relationship exists for glucose parameters, we conducted a systematic search in six databases from inception to June 2022 for all longitudinal studies that directly examined the relationship between changes in glucose-related outcomes and changes in psychopathology among patients with SCZ treated with APs...
September 7, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37717548/ethical-considerations-for-the-use-of-artificial-intelligence-in-medical-decision-making-capacity-assessments
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael R MacIntyre, Richard G Cockerill, Omar F Mirza, Jacob M Appel
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are providing new tools to clinicians. AI tools have the potential to process vast amounts of data in a short amount of time, providing new insights and changing how we approach complicated healthcare problems. AI has the potential to assist clinicians in medical decision-making capacity assessments by providing additional insights to an evaluation process that currently lacks universal objective standards. However, despite the promise of AI in this setting, there remain significant concerns making it unlikely to replace human evaluators anytime soon...
September 7, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37717546/emotion-regulation-and-executive-functioning-in-female-victims-of-sexual-assault-suffering-from-ptsd
#19
REVIEW
Nawal Ouhmad, Wissam El Hage, Nicolas Combalbert
The sexual abuse of women has major repercussions on several spheres of the victims' daily lives and can lead to the development of PTSD. We were interested in the existence of a specific profile of alterations in cognitive functioning in female victims of sexual violence with PTSD. A sample of 101 women was divided into three groups (44 sexually abused women with PTSD; 25 sexually abused women without PTSD; 32 non-sexually abused non-PTSD controls). Participants completed questionnaires about psycho-traumatic symptoms, emotion regulation and executive functions...
September 7, 2023: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37688837/a-path-model-of-associations-between-war-related-exposure-to-trauma-nightmares-fear-insomnia-and-posttraumatic-stress-among-ukrainian-students-during-the-russian-invasion
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra M Rogowska, Iuliia Pavlova
The present study examined the associations between war-related exposure, nightmares, fear, insomnia, and PTSD symptoms among university students from Western Ukraine. An online cross-sectional study was performed among 1,072 university students (80% of whom were women) during the war. Eight questions were developed to assess exposure to war, and seven items were designed regarding nightmares of war. War-related PTSD symptoms were assessed using an abbreviated six-item PTSD checklist (PCL-6), insomnia was measured using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and to examine fear of war, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FoCV-19S) was adopted...
September 7, 2023: Psychiatry Research
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