Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate open science practices in research published in the top 5 sports medicine journals from May 1, 2022, and October 1, 2022. DESIGN: A meta-research systematic review. LITERATURE SEARCH: Open science practices were searched in MEDLINE. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included original scientific research published in one of the identified top 5 sports medicine journals in 2022 as ranked by Clarivate: (1) British Journal of Sports Medicine , (2) Journal of Sport and Health Science , (3) American Journal of Sports Medicine , (4) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , and (5) Sports Medicine-Open ...

OBJECTIVES: To (1) assess relationships between running biomechanics, bone health, and bone stress injuries (BSIs), and (2) determine which variables constitute the most parsimonious BSI risk model among collegiate cross-country runners. DESIGN: Prospective, observational cohort study. METHODS: Running gait and bone mineral density (BMD) data from healthy collegiate cross-country runners were collected at preseason over 6 seasons. A generalized estimating equation model with backward selection was used to develop the most parsimonious model for estimating BSI risk, controlling for sex, running speed, and prior BSI...

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effectiveness of interventions for changing movement during weight-bearing functional tasks in people with patellofemoral pain (PFP). DESIGN: Systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA). LITERATURE SEARCH: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception up to May 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials involving people with PFP and nonsurgical, nonpharmacological interventions on task kinematics were included. DATA SYNTHESIS: NMA was conducted for frontal knee movement data, and pairwise meta-analysis was used to pool data when NMA was not possible...

SYNOPSIS: Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs), which focus on the interaction between computers and human language, can influence musculoskeletal rehabilitation management. AI chatbots (eg, ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing, and Google Bard) are a form of large language models designed to understand, interpret, and generate text similar to what is produced by humans. Since their release, chatbots have triggered controversy in the international scientific community, including when they have passed university exams, generated credible scientific abstracts, and shown potential for replacing humans in scientific roles...

OBJECTIVES: Report typical scores and examine preseason cervical spine, vestibulo-ocular reflex, dynamic balance, and divided attention measures in competitive youth ice hockey players aged 10-18 years with and without a previous concussion history. DESIGN: Cross-sectional secondary analysis. METHODS: The exposure of interest was self-reported history of concussion. The main outcomes were cervical spine measures [Cervical Flexor Endurance (CFE; seconds), Cervical Flexion-Rotation Test (normal/abnormal), Anterolateral Cervical Spine Strength (kg), Head Perturbation Test (/8) and Joint Position Error (JPE; cm)], vestibulo-ocular reflex [Dynamic Visual Acuity (DVA, LogMAR), Head Thrust Test (Positive/Negative)], dynamic balance [Functional Gait Assessment (/30)] and divided attention [Walking-while-talking test (WWTT) (sec)]...

OBJECTIVE: To identify barriers and facilitators for using intervention reporting guidelines (CERT and TIDieR) from authors of randomised controlled trials in sports and exercise medicine journals. DESIGN: Mixed-methods cross sectional online survey. METHODS: We recruited authors of randomised controlled trials published from 2nd June 2018 to 2nd June 2022 in the ten leading sports and exercise medicine journals. We invited authors of eligible trials to complete an online survey that included multiple choice and Likert-scale questions as well as open-ended free text questions on the barriers and facilitators to using intervention reporting guidelines...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of minimal intervention of patient education (MIPE) for reducing disability and pain intensity in patients with low back pain (LBP). DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases from inception to May 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Trials comparing MIPE, consisting of a single session of patient education, to no or other interventions in patients with LBP...

SYNOPSIS: Clinical practice guidelines for Achilles tendinopathy do not recommend imaging to inform diagnosis. However, there is considerable variation in how imaging is used, particularly in research and sports. Early imaging risks that people who see the images presume that what they ‘see’ as pathology is the primary cause of pain; patients might end up receiving invasive treatments on the basis of the image when rehabilitation may suffice. On the other hand, imaging can help rule out Achilles tendinopathy and identify differential diagnoses...

Author response to the JOSPT Letter to the Editor-in-Chief "Lower-Limb Kinematics and Clinical Outcomes: Correlation Does not Imply Causality" J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(11):723-725. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.0203-R .

Author response to the JOSPT Letter to the Editor-in-Chief "Asking the Right Question is Key to Getting a Valuable Answer" J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(11):726-727. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.0204-R .

Letter to the Editor-in-Chief in response to JOSPT article "The Relationship Between Neck Strength and Sports-Related Concussion in Team Sports: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis" by Garrett JM et al. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(11):726. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.0204 .

Letter to the Editor-in-Chief in response to JOSPT article "Are changes in dynamic knee movement control related to changes in pain or function in people with knee disorders?" by Nunes GS, de Moraes WSLA, de Souza Sampaio V, et al. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(11):1. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.0203 .

OBJECTIVE: To examine modifiable and nonmodifiable factors for associations with dance-related injury among preprofessional ballet dancers over 5 academic years. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: Full-time preprofessional ballet dancers (n = 452; 399 female; median age [range], 15 years [11-21]) participated across 5 academic years at a vocational school. Participants completed baseline screening and online weekly injury questionnaires including dance exposure (hours/week). Zero-inflated Poisson regression models were used to examine associations between potential risk factors measured at baseline and self-reported dance-related injury...

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the evidence on reliability and criterion validity of hip muscle strength testing using portable dynamometers. DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH: Five databases were searched from inception to March 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included studies investigating reliability or criterion validity of hip flexor, extensor, abductor, adductor, or internal/external rotator strength testing with portable dynamometers in injury-free individuals or those with pelvic/lower limb musculoskeletal disorders...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence rate, frequency, severity, recurrence, and burden of musculoskeletal injury in professional ballet. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiological (retrospective). METHODS: Professional dancers (n = 73, 40 females, 33 males) provided consent for retrospective review of musculoskeletal injury data. Medical-attention injuries were reported to and recorded by onsite physiotherapists between January 2018 and December 2021. Time-loss injuries were any injury that prevented a dancer from taking a full part in all dance-related activities for >1 day ...

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) assessing TENDINopathy Severity of the Achilles (TENDINS-Achilles) and evaluate its content validity. DESIGN: Mixed-methods, modified Delphi. METHODS: We performed 1 round of semistructured one-on-one interview responses with professionals and patients, for initial item generation. This was followed by 1 round of survey responses for professionals and a final round of semistructured one-on-one interviews with patients. The work culminated in a PROM to quantify Achilles tendinopathy severity under the core health domain of disability...

SYNOPSIS : Two recent randomized-controlled trials showed promising results of local corticosteroid injections combined with exercise therapy for Achilles tendinopathy and plantar fasciopathy. Should clinicians go back to using corticosteroid injections to treat tendinopathy? Are corticosteroids back ( baby )? In this viewpoint we critically appraise the new evidence and humbly share our clinical reasoning when advising athletes about corticosteroid injections in practice. Our goal is to help clinicians decide what to do and what to recommend to patients...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of diagnostic labels and their explanations on people's beliefs about managing hip pain. DESIGN: Online randomised controlled trial involving 626 participants. METHODS: Participants aged ≥45 years with and without hip pain considered a hypothetical scenario (initial doctor consultation for hip pain). They were randomised to receive a diagnostic label and explanation of 1) hip osteoarthritis , 2) persistent hip pain , or 3) hip degeneration . Primary outcomes were the beliefs 1) exercise would damage the hip and 2) surgery is necessary at some stage (scales, 0=definitely would not/unnecessary, 10=definitely would/necessary)...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the change in minimal important change (MIC), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), and treatment failure (TF) thresholds for the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) from 3 to 12 months following arthroscopic meniscus surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: We included patients from the Knee Arthroscopy Cohort Southern Denmark who had meniscus surgery between 2013 and 2015. We calculated the interpretation threshold values for MIC, PASS, and TF using an anchor-based adjusted predictive modeling method...

Hip pain can have many causes, both arthritic and non-arthritic. Experts in managing hip pain developed a guideline to help rehabilitation clinicians help you understand more about hip pain. Here we explain what physical therapy might offer you if you have hip pain and arthritis has been ruled out. You will find out about some of the leg strength and balance tests your physical therapist might ask you to do, and exercises to help alleviate your hip pain and improve your strength, movement and balance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(10):643-644...