Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy

OBJECTIVE: to identify which psychological and psychosocial constructs to include in a core outcome set to guide future clinical trials in the tendinopathy field. DESIGN: modified International Delphi study. METHODS: In three online Delphi rounds, we presented 35 psychological and psychosocial constructs to an international panel of 38 clinician/researchers and people with tendinopathy. Using a 9-point Likert scale (1 - not important to include, 9 -critical to include), consensus for construct inclusion required ≥70% of respondents rating 'extremely critical to include' (score ≥ 7) and ≤15% rating 'not important to include' (score ≤3)...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence rate, frequency, severity, recurrence, and burden of musculoskeletal injury in professional ballet. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiological (retrospective). METHODS: Professional dancers (n=73, 40 females, 33 males) provided consent for retrospective review of musculoskeletal injury data. Medical-attention injuries were reported to and recorded by onsite physiotherapists between January 2018-December 2021. Time-loss injuries were any injury that prevented a dancer from taking a full part in all dance-related activities for >1 day ...

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effectiveness of interventions for changing movement during weight-bearing functional tasks in people with patellofemoral pain (PFP). DESIGN: Systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA). LITERATURE SEARCH: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception up to May 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials involving people with PFP and non-surgical, non-pharmacological interventions on task kinematics were included. DATA SYNTHESIS: NMA was conducted for frontal knee movement data, and pairwise meta-analysis was used to pool data when NMA was not possible...

Synopsis: Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically Large Language Models (LLMs), which focus on the interaction between computers and human language, can influence musculoskeletal rehabilitation management. AI chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing, Google Bard) are a form of LLMs designed to understand, interpret, and generate text similar to what is produced by humans. Since their release, chatbots have triggered controversy in the international scientific community, including when they have passed university exams, generated credible scientific abstracts, and shown potential for replacing humans in scientific roles...

OBJECTIVE: To test whether a series of brief, psychologically informed educational videos added to physical therapy improved function among adolescents with patellofemoral pain (PFP). The secondary aims were to assess pain and psychological beliefs. DESIGN: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Sixty-eight adolescents with PFP were randomly assigned to view brief, psychologically-informed videos (n=34) or control videos (n=34) in addition to usual care physical therapy. The psychologically-informed videos targeted fear-avoidance beliefs, kinesiophobia, and pain catastrophizing...

OBJECTIVE: In symptomatic football players with hip dysplasia, we aimed to explore the relationships between self-reported sport and recreation ability and (i) hip muscle strength, (ii) functional performance, and investigate if these relationships were modified by sex or cartilage defects. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, (n=50) football players with longstanding (>6 months) hip and/or groin pain, a positive flexion/adduction/internal rotation (FADIR) test and a lateral-centre-edge angle <250 were included...

OBJECTIVE: To update the evidence on the effectiveness of exercise interventions to prevent episodes of neck pain. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PEDro and trial registries from inception to December 2, 2022. Forward and backward citation searches. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that enrolled adults without neck pain at baseline and compared exercise interventions to no intervention, placebo/ sham, attention control or minimal intervention...

SYNOPSIS: Despite the importance of communication in person-focused care, biomedical knowledge and technical skill development are often prioritized in physical therapy education. As clinicians and educators, we contend that mindfulness and reflection nurture effective communication approaches and support physical therapists in navigating the complexity and uncertainty that comprise most clinical interactions. We suggest that clinicians be mindful of the self, the patient, and the context when interacting with patients...

OBJECTIVE: Identify factors that elite sport clinicians, coaches, and athletes perceive are associated with low back pain (LBP) recovery. DESIGN: Concept mapping methodology. METHOD: Participants brainstormed, sorted (thematically) and rated ("5-point Likert scales": importance and feasibility) statements in response to the prompt: What factors are associated with the recovery of an elite athlete from low back pain? Data cleaning, analysis (multidimensional scaling, hierarchical cluster analysis and descriptive statistics) and visual representation (cluster map and go-zone graph) were conducted following concept mapping guidelines...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of clinical tests that are used to diagnose greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) in clinical practice. DESIGN: Diagnostic test accuracy systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED and SPORTDiscus were searched using keywords mapped to diagnostic test accuracy for GTPS. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Studies with published or derivable diagnostic accuracy data were included. DATA SYNTHESIS: Risk of Bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool, and certainty of evidence, via the GRADE framework...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the benefits and harms of cervical spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) for treating neck pain. DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched the MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, Chiropractic Literature Index bibliographic databases, and grey literature sources, up to June 6, 2022. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs evaluating SMT compared to guideline-recommended and non-recommended interventions, sham SMT, and no intervention for adults with neck pain were eligible for our systematic review...

OBJECTIVE: There is no consensus for how to use rehabilitation visits after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We sought to develop expert recommendations for outpatient rehabilitation visit usage after TKA. DESIGN: Delphi study METHODS: First, we developed a broad list of preliminary visit usage recommendations, which were specific to patients' recovery status (i.e., slow, typical, or fast recovery) and time since surgery. We then invited 49 TKA experts to participate on a Delphi panel. During Round 1, we surveyed panelists regarding their level of agreement with each preliminary recommendation...

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) assessing TENDINopathy Severity of the Achilles (TENDINS-Achilles) and evaluate its content validity. DESIGN: Mixed-methods, modified Delphi. METHODS: We performed 1 round of semistructured one-on-one interview responses with professionals and patients, for initial item generation. This was followed by 1 round of survey responses for professionals and a final round of semistructured one-on-one interviews with patients. The work culminated in a PROM to quantify Achilles tendinopathy severity under the core health domain of disability...

SYNOPSIS : Two recent randomized-controlled trials showed promising results of local corticosteroid injections combined with exercise therapy for Achilles tendinopathy and plantar fasciopathy. Should clinicians go back to using corticosteroid injections to treat tendinopathy? Are corticosteroids back ( baby )? In this viewpoint we critically appraise the new evidence and humbly share our clinical reasoning when advising athletes about corticosteroid injections in practice. Our goal is to help clinicians decide what to do and what to recommend to patients...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the relationship between neck strength and sports-related concussion (SRC) for athletes participating in team sports. DESIGN: Etiology systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH: PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and Scopus were searched on March 17, 2022, and updated on April 18, 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Team sports where an opponent invades the player's territory (eg, football, rugby, basketball) that reported at least 1 measure of neck strength, and 1 measure of SRC incidence, using cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional study designs...

Nonarthritic hip joint pain is a collection of conditions involving intra-articular structures of the hip, including femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS), developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), hip instability, acetabular labral tears, osteochondral lesions, loose bodies, and ligamentum teres tears. Pain in the hip region can also involve non-musculoskeletal, lumbosacral spine, intra-articular, and extra-articular sources. Treatment for people with nonarthritic hip joint pain should focus on impairments and be evidence based, with assessments at baseline and at least one other follow-up point that includes discharge...

Corrections to an article published in the May 2023 issue of JOSPT : Liston M, Leckey C, Whale A, van Dyk N. Neck Strength Assessment Offers No Clinical Value in Predicting Concussion in Male Professional Rugby Players: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(9):1. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.53.9.578 .

SYNOPSIS: The Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy was first published in the summer of 1979 by the Orthopaedic and Sports Sections of the American Physical Therapy Association. The journal's mission was to publish scientifically rigorous content and promote its application to movement-related health. In 1979, we were focused solely on 1 journal, and the publishing organization shared the journal's name. In the decades since, our organization has grown such that it now publishes 3 peer-reviewed journals and provides plenty of additional resources to help the musculoskeletal rehabilitation community translate quality research to quality practice...

OBJECTIVE: The validity of existing fear avoidance behavior patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for concussion is unknown. This study aims to (1) identify PROMs that assess fear avoidance behavior in individuals with concussion and (2) assess the measurement properties of these PROMs. DESIGN: A systematic review of outcome measurement instruments using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. LITERATURE SEARCH: We performed a systematic search of 7 databases...

BACKGROUND: Sport-specific training is an integral component of returning to sport following injury. Frameworks designed to guide sport-specific rehabilitation need to integrate and adapt to the specific context of elite sport. The control-chaos continuum (CCC) is a flexible framework originally designed for on-pitch rehabilitation in elite football (soccer). The concepts underpinning the CCC transfer to other elite sport rehabilitation environments. CLINICAL QUESTION: How can practitioners and clinicians transfer the CCC to elite basketball, to support planning and return to sport? On-court rehabilitation is a critical sport-specific rehabilitation component of return to sport, yet there are no frameworks to guide practitioners when planning and delivering on-court rehabilitation...