journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522797/adaptive-forgetting-of-place-object-memory-for-dung-in-the-domestic-horse-equus-ferus-caballus-memory-for-a-day
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Audrey Em Guyonnet, Ian Q Whishaw
The domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus) makes dung deposits to form "stud-piles" and compulsively examines dung droppings, suggesting that dung contains species-relevant information. The present study investigates horses' use of location (place), odor (object) and memory for dung sniff encounters. Horses were video recorded in 2 indoor and 4 outdoor riding arenas as they were taken at different time intervals to experimenter-determined objects or dung deposits that they could sniff. Frame-by-frame video analysis measured approaches, sniff duration, nostril use, ear position and blinking associated with dung investigation...
March 22, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522796/altruism-reciprocity-and-probability-examining-relations-through-a-discounting-framework
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalie R Buddiga, Matthew L Locey
Probability and reciprocation have been implicated as key variables for understanding altruism and cooperation. Social discounting, which describes the decline in reward value as the recipient increases in social distance, has provided a framework through which to examine altruistic and cooperative choice. A previous study introduced reciprocal discounting as a way of studying perceived altruism from others (termed reciprocal altruism). But probability discounting has not yet been examined in relation to reciprocal discounting...
March 22, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522795/differential-effects-of-voluntary-exercise-and-housing-density-on-anxiety-like-behavior-in-c57bl-6-mice
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anthony S Rauhut, Bishma Tuladhar, Nicole Tamvaka, Justina Warnick
The interaction of voluntary exercise and housing density on a) anxiety-like behavior and b) the stimulant effects of methamphetamine in C57Bl/6 mice were evaluated. Upon arrival, mice were housed singly or in pairs, and permitted access to home-cage running wheels or not for 4 weeks. Testing for anxiety-like behavior occurred over the next 3 weeks, one test per week [Elevated-Plus Maze (EPM) → Hyponeophagia (HNP) task → Open-Field (OF) task]. The final, OF task involved an 8-hour session in which mice were permitted to explore the chamber (drug free) during Hours 1-3; given an injection (s...
March 22, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493970/termites-can-learn
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yifan Evan Ding, Zhenghui Li
It is generally believed that termites can't learn and are not "intelligent". This study aimed to test whether termites could have any form of memory. A Y-shaped test device with one release chamber and two identical test chambers was designed and constructed by 3D printing. A colony of damp wood termites was harvested from the wild. Worker termites were randomly selected for experiment. Repellent odors that could mimic the alarm pheromone for termites were first identified. Among all substances tested, a tea tree oil and lemon juice were found to contain repellent odors for the tested termites, as they significantly reduced the time that termites spent in the chamber treated with these substances...
March 15, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493969/the-effect-of-observing-trained-conspecifics-on-the-performance-and-motivation-of-goldfish-carassius-auratus-in-a-spatial-task
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James C Blane, Richard A Holland
Spatial and social cognition are two aspects of fish behaviour that have been subject to an increasing amount of research in recent years, but few have investigated potential behaviour overlaps. Testing the ability for an individual to socially learn a spatial task would bridge this gap in understanding. We provided naïve goldfish, Carassius auratus, the opportunity to observe a trained conspecific navigate a T-shaped maze, and then recorded how many trials it took for them to learn the maze, time taken per trial, motivation, and acceptance of the food reward...
March 15, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461866/evaluation-of-the-capability-of-oil-specific-discrimination-in-detection-dogs
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mallory T DeChant, Paul C Bunker, Nathanial J Hall
Dogs are used for oil detection to support spill remediation and conservation, but little is known about the effects of weathering and aging of oil odorants on dogs' ability to generalize and discriminate unweathered oil from aged/weathered tar ball oil. Three dogs were trained to detect unweathered oil odorant using a three-alternative choice procedure and automated olfactometers. We evaluated dogs' ability to discriminate unweathered target oil from four different weathered/tar ball samples. All three dogs successfully discriminated the unweathered target oil from the four nontarget weathered oils with an accuracy of 96%, 97%, and 100%...
March 8, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460912/differences-in-physiology-and-behavior-between-male-winner-and-loser-mice-in-the-tube-test
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Wang, Nan Huang, Qian Cai, Siyuan Guo, Heng Ai
Social hierarchy is a crucial element for survival, reproduction, fitness, and the maintenance of a stable social group in social animals. This study aimed to investigate the physiological indicators, nociception, unfamiliar female mice preference, spatial learning memory, and contextual fear memory of male mice with different social status in the same cage. Our findings revealed significant differences in the trunk temperature and contextual fear memory between winner and loser mice. However, there were no major discrepancies in body weight, random and fasting blood glucose levels, whisker number, frontal and perianal temperature, spleen size, mechanical and thermal pain thresholds, preference for unfamiliar female mice, and spatial memory...
March 7, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423230/the-role-of-stimulus-combinations-in-the-repeated-assessment-of-resurgence
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenneth D Madrigal, Cinthia M Hernández, Carlos Flores
The current study examined the role of stimulus combinations on the repeated assessment of resurgence. Using a within-session resurgence procedure, rats were exposed to different conditions, each with distinct stimulus combinations (AAA, ABA, ABB, ABC and AAB). Two arrangements of stimulus changes were compared: Experiment 1 involved changes in stimulus combinations every five sessions, while Experiment 2 implemented changes every session. Resurgence was observed in both experiments; however, Experiment 2 demonstrated more consistent and repeated resurgence when stimulus combinations changed every session...
February 27, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38417563/rhesus-monkeys-show-greater-habituation-to-repeated-computer-generated-images-than-do-orangutans
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mackenzie F Webster, Jonathan W M Engelberg, Robert R Hampton
Humans and several other species of animals have demonstrated the ability to use familiarity to recognize that they have seen images before. In prior experiments, orangutans failed to show use of familiarity in memory tasks, even when other solutions were not available. We tested for evidence of habituation, a decreased response to repeated stimuli, as a behavioral indicator that repeated images were familiar to subjects. Monkeys and orangutans selected the smallest target out of four while computerized images were presented as distractors...
February 26, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395238/relationship-between-acoustic-traits-of-protesting-cries-of-domestic-kittens-felis-catus-and-their-individual-chances-for-survival
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina V Rutovskaya, Ilya A Volodin, Sergey V Naidenko, Mariya N Erofeeva, Galina S Alekseeva, Polina S Zhuravleva, Kseniya A Volobueva, Mariya D Kim, Elena V Volodina
Domestic cat (Felis catus) mothers may rely on offspring cries to allocate resources in use of individuals with greater chances for survival and sacrifice the weak ones in case of impossibility to raise the entire large litter. Potential victims of this maternal strategy can enhance their chances of survival, by producing vocalizations with traits mimicking those of higher-quality offspring. We compared acoustic traits of 4990 cries produced during blood sampling by 57 two-week-old captive feral kittens (28 males, 29 females); 47 of them survived to 90 days of age and 10 died by reasons not related to traumas or aggression...
February 21, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38373472/emotional-contagion-in-rodents-a-comprehensive-exploration-of-mechanisms-and-multimodal-perspectives
#11
REVIEW
Delin Yu, Lili Bao, Bin Yin
Emotional contagion, a fundamental aspect of empathy, is an automatic and unconscious process in which individuals mimic and synchronize with the emotions of others. Extensively studied in rodents, this phenomenon is mediated through a range of sensory pathways, each contributing distinct insights. The olfactory pathway, marked by two types of pheromones modulated by oxytocin, plays a crucial role in transmitting emotional states. The auditory pathway, involving both squeaks and specific ultrasonic vocalizations, correlates with various emotional states and is essential for expression and communication in rodents...
February 17, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38368968/spontaneous-tempo-production-in-cockatiels-nymphicus-hollandicus-and-jungle-crows-corvus-macrorhyncos
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathilde Le Covec, Dalila Bovet, Shigeru Watanabe, Ei-Ichi Izawa, Anne Bobin-Bègue
Musical and rhythmical abilities are poorly documented in non-human animals. Most of the existing studies focused on synchronisation performances to external rhythms. In humans, studies demonstrated that rhythmical processing (e. g. rhythm discrimination or synchronisation to external rhythm) is dependent of an individual measure: the individual tempo. It is assessed by asking participants to produce an endogenous isochronous rhythm (known as spontaneous motor tempo) without any specific instructions nor temporal cue...
February 16, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367660/sample-comparison-mapping-and-joint-stimulus-control
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Pinto, José Miguel Castanheira Dinis
A matching-to-sample task with a 3-sample, 2-comparison mapping has been found to engender joint control by the stimuli that signaled the samples (keylight) and the inter-trial interval (houselight), with a trade-off in the degree of control exerted by each stimulus. To learn about the boundary conditions for the establishment of that joint stimulus control, we trained pigeons in a similar task, but featuring a one-to-one sample-comparison mapping, with two samples and two comparisons. To assess their relative influences, we ran two tests where each of the stimuli was removed: in one test, no sample keylight was presented, and in the other, the ITI was spent in darkness...
February 15, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38365010/examination-of-the-joint-simon-effect-in-rats-changes-in-task-performance-based-on-actions-of-the-partner
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noriko Katsu, Kazuo Okanoya
Nonhuman animals have demonstrated various cooperative behaviors; however, many examples can be interpreted as individual contributions to a task rather than true behavioral coordination. In this study, we used the joint Simon task in rats to determine whether the presence of and task sharing with a partner affected performance in a joint activity. Rats were trained to discriminate between two auditory stimuli (3 and 12kHz tones) and individually performed an auditory Simon task. They were paired with another rat and tested to perform half of the task, while the other rat performed the other half (joint task condition)...
February 14, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360379/higher-offspring-mortality-in-deer-mice-peromyscus-maniculatus-bairdii-that-spontaneously-present-with-large-nest-building-behaviour
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heike Stoppel, Brian Harvey, De Wet Wolmarans
Nesting is a normal, evolutionary conserved rodent behavioural phenotype that is expressed for purposes of breeding, safety, and thermal regulation. Further, nesting is commonly assessed as marker of overall rodent health and wellbeing, with poorer nesting performance generally proposed to resemble a worse state of health. Deer mice can be bidirectionally separated with 30% of mice presenting with excessively large nesting behaviour (LNB). All laboratory-housed deer mice are exposed to identical environmental conditions...
February 13, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336239/why-do-predators-attack-parasitized-prey-insights-from-a-probabilistic-model-and-a-literature-survey
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michal Segoli, Yves Papegay, Tamir Rozenberg, Eric Wajnberg
Predators and parasitoids often encounter parasitized prey or hosts during foraging. While the outcomes of such encounters have been extensively studied for insect parasitoids, the consequences of a predator encountering parasitized prey have received less attention. One extreme example involves the potter wasp Delta dimidiatipenne that frequently provision their nest with parasitized caterpillars, despite the low suitability of this prey for consumption by their offspring. This raises two main questions: (1) why do female potter wasps continue collecting parasitized caterpillars? and (2) is this an exceptional example, or do predatory insects often suffer from fitness costs due to encounters with parasitized prey? We addressed the first question using a probabilistic mathematical model predicting the value of discrimination between parasitized and unparasitized prey for the potter wasp, and the second question by surveying the literature for examples in which the parasitism status of prey affected prey susceptibility, suitability, or prey choice by a predator...
February 7, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336238/pica-behavior-of-laboratory-rats-rattus-norvegicus-domestica-nauseated-animals-ingest-kaolin-zeolite-bentonite-but-not-calcium-carbonate-chalk
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sadahiko Nakajima
"Pica" refers to the ingestion of non-nutritive substances by animals that would not typically consume them. The pica behavior can be utilized to investigate the internal conditions of animals' bodies. For example, rats, due to neuroanatomical reasons, cannot vomit; nevertheless, when nauseated, they ingest kaolin clay. This renders the ingestion of kaolin a practical proxy for measuring nausea in rats. The question of whether rats consume minerals other than kaolin during nauseous episodes remains unanswered...
February 7, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336237/how-to-measure-exploration-a-combined-estimation-method
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosanne Beukeboom, David Benhaïm
The personality axis 'exploration-avoidance' is often measured using an open field test (OFT) from which measurements such as mobility level (e.g. distance travelled) and space use (e.g. area covered) in an unknown environment are extracted. Recently developed tracking software surprisingly includes only a measure of mobility level in their output summary. Consequently, recent articles using these software programs started to ignore a measure of space use in their determination of exploration. In this short communication, we show briefly why it is important to not overlook a measure of space use, provide an easy way to calculate such a measure, with adjustable resolution, from the available position data provided by the software and a method to determine a proxy for exploration...
February 7, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336236/structural-consistency-of-exploratory-behaviour-of-sub-adult-and-adult-spiny-mice-acomys-cahirinus-in-seven-different-tests
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Frynta, Lenka Tomanová, Kristína Holubová, Barbora Vobrubová, Iveta Štolhoferová, Veronika Rudolfová
The genus Acomys is of growing importance to many research fields. Previous research has shown that individuals differ when exploring new environments and that these behavioural strategies are consistent in time. In this study, we subjected 60 commensal Acomys cahirinus (37 males, 23 females) to a series of seven tests (free exploration, forced exploration under bright illumination, forced exploration under low illumination, hole-board test, vertical activity test, elevated plus maze, and voluntary wheel running) to acquire independent behavioural traits and investigate whether and how personality develops in spiny mice...
February 7, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280617/the-presence-of-informed-conspecifics-improves-individual-foraging-efficiency-in-na%C3%A3-ve-sheep
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vartan E Vartparonian, Stephan T Leu
Knowledge about the environment is fundamentally important to move, find resources and forage efficiently. This information can either be acquired through individual exploration (personal information) or from other group members (social information). We experimentally assessed the use of social information and its influence on foraging efficiency in sheep, Ovis aries. Naïve individuals paired with an informed partner that knew the food patch location, found the patch significantly faster compared to naïve individuals paired with another naïve individual...
January 25, 2024: Behavioural Processes
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