Thrombosis and Haemostasis

BACKGROUND:  Recently, the mechanism of thrombogenesis has taken a new direction with the involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, little is known about the relationship between NETs and thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation (AF). OBJECTIVE:  Our study aimed to evaluate NETs in AF patients and their potential association with thrombogenesis. In addition, we studied the effect of NETs on thrombogenesis in rat models. METHODS:  A total of 125 AF patients and 172 controls were studied...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

• What is the clinical question being addressed? Ascending and abdominal aortic dilations have been associated with increased platelet activation response suggesting platelets as a potential medical target. • What is the main finding? This study found no higher platelet aggregation or increased frequencies of hyperresponsiveness of platelets in patients with ascending and abdominal aortic dilations.

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND:  The pro-thrombotic immature or reticulated platelets (RPs) are known to be elevated in high-risk patients and in different pathological settings. It has been shown that RPs correlate with an insufficient antiplatelet response to antiplatelet agents. RPs are emerging novel predictors of adverse cardiovascular events in cardiovascular disease. This study, using the totality of existing evidence, evaluated the prognostic role of RPs in patients with coronary artery disease...

Background and aims Intra-plaque hemorrhage (IPH) leads to rapid plaque progression and instability through upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen degradation. Hemoglobin-derived hemin during IPH promotes plaque instability. We investigated whether hemin affect MMPs overexpression in macrophages and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods In vivo, hemorrhagic plaque models were established in rabbits and ApoE-/- mice. Ferrostatin-1 was used to inhibit ferroptosis. Plaque size, collagen, and MMP2/9 levels were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, H&E, Sirius Red, and Masson staining...

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Introduction Current guideline suggests a switch from vitamin K antagonist (VKA) to direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) in patients with low time in therapeutic range (TTR<70%). Poor INR control may be the result of poor compliance, and might therefore be associated with subsequent DOAC intake. Therefore, this study evaluates the effect of previous TTR and other measures of INR control on DOAC non-adherence and non-persistence, in patients who switched from VKA to DOAC. Methods 437 patients who switched from VKA to DOAC between 2012 and 2019 were included using data from Certe Thrombosis Service, IADB...

The C-type lectin receptor CD93 is a single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein involved in inflammation, immunity, and angiogenesis. This study investigates the role of CD93 in platelet function. CD93 KO mice and WT controls were compared in this study. Platelet activation and aggregation were investigated by flow cytometry and light transmission aggregometry, respectively. Protein expression and phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. Subcellular localization of membrane receptors was investigated by wide-field and confocal microscopy...

Two phenotypes of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are systematically reviewed. DIC is classified into thrombotic and fibrinolytic phenotypes characterized by thrombosis and hemorrhage, respectively. Major pathology of DIC with thrombotic phenotype is the activation of coagulation, insufficient anticoagulation with endothelial injury, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)-mediated inhibition of fibrinolysis, leading to microvascular fibrin thrombosis and organ dysfunction. DIC with fibrinolytic phenotype is defined as massive thrombin generation commonly observed in any type of DIC, combined with systemic pathologic hyperfibrinogenolysis caused by underlying disorder that results in severe bleeding due to excessive plasmin formation...

Classical anticoagulants and antiplatelets are associated with high frequencies of bleeding complications or treatment failure when used as single agents. Thrombin plays an important role in the blood coagulation system. GP IIb/IIIa is the central receptor of platelets, which can recognize the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence and activate platelets. We have constructed a novel dual-target peptide (PTIP) based on the direct thrombin inhibitor peptide (DTIP) via molecular simulation and homology modeling. PTIP was expressed at high levels in Pichia pastoris...

BACKGROUND:  The Age-D-dimer-Albumin (ADA), the CREDO-Kyoto, and the PARIS scores have been established to predict thrombotic events. However, the prognostic performance of these scores compared to the GRACE score in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been reported. METHODS:  Consecutive AMI patients treated with PCI were retrospectively enrolled at a teaching hospital in China from January 2016 to December 2019...

BACKGROUND:  Atrial fibrillation (AF) Better Care (ABC) pathway adherence is associated with improved outcomes. Clinical trials have shown that non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are as least as effective as warfarin for stroke prevention in AF patients. The Win Ratio method, analyzing hierarchical composite outcomes considering event timing and severity, has limited data on its use in Asians. OBJECTIVES:  We aim to apply Win Ratio in a registry to access the comparative effectiveness of NOACs versus warfarin and ABC adherence versus nonadherence in Asian patients with AF...

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BACKGROUND:  Andexanet alfa (andexanet) is a reversal agent for use in patients with life-threatening or uncontrolled bleeding treated with oral factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors. There are limited data on the dose-response relationship of andexanet and FXa inhibitor-related bleeding. OBJECTIVE:  The aim of this study was to assess the dose-related effectiveness of andexanet in reducing blood loss, improving survival, and reversing apixaban anticoagulation in a porcine polytrauma model...

BACKGROUND:  Few previous studies indicated the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), but there are little data regarding changes in redox balance in different forms of the disease, and changes after therapeutic procedures. We aimed to investigate the values of pro-oxidants and antioxidative capacity in various forms of ITP before and after the applying therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS:  The research included 102 children, classified into the following groups: (1) newly diagnosed ITP (ndITP), (2) persistent ITP, (3) chronic ITP (chITP), and (4) control groups: (A) healthy control and (B) previously experienced ITP-healthy children who had been suffering from ITP earlier...

OBJECTIVE: The effect of the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab on platelet aggregation among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unknown. We aimed to explore the effect of alirocumab added to high-intensity statin therapy on P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) among AMI patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor (ticagrelor or prasugrel). In addition, we assessed circulating platelet-derived non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and YRNAs). METHODS: This was a pre-specified, powered, pharmacodynamic substudy of the PACMAN trial, a randomized, double-blind trial comparing biweekly alirocumab (150mg) versus placebo in AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:  Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is the major platelet-specific collagen receptor. GPVI shedding with generation of soluble GPVI (sGPVI) is an endogenous feedback mechanism preventing platelet overstimulation. sGPVI has not been investigated in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), especially regarding its potential value as a predictor of ischemic and bleeding risk. METHODS:  Baseline plasma sGPVI levels were available in 318 patients with CCS undergoing PCI...