Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology

BACKGROUND: The recent pandemic caused by the newly identified virus, SARS-Cov-2 is associated with thromboembolic events. Patients infected with COVID-19 have been found to have thrombocytopenia. A decrease in platelet count may be caused by increased destruction and consumption of platelets or by decreased production of platelets in the bone marrow. Immature platelet fraction (IPF) is a new platelet parameter that is an indicator for peripheral destruction and consumption of platelets...

BACKGROUND: Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is the ability of cancer stem cells of aggressive phenotype to mimic embryonic vascular network by forming channels lined by tumor cells, thereby, promoting tumor growth. These channels are periodic acid-schiff positive and CD34 negative and have been associated with tumor invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis. It is a promising target for developing novel anticancer therapeutics and contributes to personalized medicine. AIM: Our study aims to look for an association of vasculogenic mimicry marker (VMM) with the aggressiveness of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs)...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article was to investigate how the metabolites produced by the intestinal flora regulate the transformation of ILC2s and intestinal immunity via the receptor Ffar2, which is sensitive to metabolites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male C57BL/6 mice with wild-type characteristics (6-7 weeks in age) and 20 FFAR2-/- mice were acquired from The Jackson Laboratory. The mice were kept in a controlled environment without any disease-causing agents, with the help of air conditioning and a 12-hour cycle of light and darkness...

Urethral cancer in females is a rare occurrence. Although initially believed to be derived from skene glands, there is no consensus on the cell of origin. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common, whereas adenocarcinoma is the least common. We report the case of a 58-years-old lady with a history of voiding lower urinary tract symptoms, later requiring a suprapubic cystostomy for retention. Cystoscopy and biopsy showed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) negative adenocarcinoma and postiron emission computed tomography (PETCT) showing pelvic and inguinal nodal metastasis...

INTRODUCTION: The prolongation in APTT reflects various disorders affecting the blood coagulation system. Automated coagulation analyzers such as ACL TOP, help in evaluating the clotting cascade by displaying clot reaction curves or waveforms. The fibrin formation curve forms S-shaped curve showing the changes in the absorbance on X-axis and time in seconds on Y-axis. The clotting data is processed to obtain derivatives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This observational study analyzed 80 samples including 20 samples from normal healthy individuals as control...

A diagnosis of synchronous tumors is always questionable when they show similar histology. We present a case of synchronous tumors, i.e. melanoma (MM) arising from the scalp and angiosarcoma (AS) from the cheek in a patient of Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). The presence of melanin in AS of the cheek led to a differential diagnosis and a possibility of transdifferentiation of malignant melanoma in the first instance. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was negative for melanoma markers (Melan A, SOX-10 & S 100) and positive for vascular markers (ERG, CD31 & CD34) ruling out transdifferentiation and concluding the cheek swelling as angiosarcoma...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is caused by a lipophilic fungus belonging to the genus Malassezia. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount is most frequently used for screening of cases and culture is the gold standard. KOH lacks sensitivity, and culture is time-consuming and technically demanding. AIM, SETTINGS, AND DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching institution. We aimed to use multiplex-PCR for faster and accurate identification of Malassezia spp directly from skin scrapings of suspected cases of PV...

BACKGROUND: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C (VEGF-C) plays a critical role in tumor growth and invasion through lymphangiogenesis and helps to identify the variability of lymphatic potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases with or without lymph node metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 65 cases of OSCC were included. The clinical details were obtained from patient records. The cases were grouped as N0 versus any N categories. All the cases were immunohistochemically evaluated for VEGF-C within the primary tumor using a standard protocol...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The world health organization (WHO) classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs, i.e. neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs)) of the gastrointestinal system involves grading of these tumors by mitotic count (i.e. H and E mitotic index or Haematoxylin and Eosin mitotic index [HE-MI] and Mindbomb E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 labelling index (MIB1-LI) into Grade 1 (G1), Grade 2 (G2), or Grade 3 (G3). However, the assessment of HE-MI and MIB1-LI is hindered by several factors that contribute to discordance between these two grading methods...

BACKGROUND: Nipple adenoma (NA) is a rare benign neoplasm of the nipple arising from the lactiferous duct. Often seen in middle aged women, presenting as a nodule, erosive, or ulcerative lesion and associated with serous or bloody discharge. Histologically, they comprise closely arranged tubules with papillary infoldings centered around the lactiferous ducts. It is most likely clinically confused with Paget's disease and histologically with invasive breast carcinoma or its precursor lesions...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular characteristics of Rb/E2F in mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinicopathological features of MANEC were analyzed. The protein expressions of Rb, p16, and p53 were detected by the immunohistochemical method. The infection status of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) was evaluated by in situ hybridization (ISH) and the gene chip method. RESULTS: Thirteen cases of MANEC were divided into four molecular patterns according to Rb protein expression and HPV status...

Bronchial cyst (BC), also known as anterior intestinal cyst, is often located in the posterior mediastinum and rarely in the retroperitoneum, especially in the adrenal area. The patient was a 65-year-old male with a left adrenal lesion (adrenal adenoma was considered) indicated by imaging examination at initial diagnosis. After completing the preoperative preparation, the patient underwent laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy under general anesthesia. The postoperative examination revealed no recurrence in the postoperative follow-up for 9 months...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy and even rarer in infancy. Most of these tumors in the pediatric age group are hormonally active and predominantly present with virilization. We report a case of a 1-year-3-month-old female child presenting with virilization. She presented with hypertension, hypertrichosis, clitoromegaly (virilization), and elevation of plasma testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone. A discussion of this case and a review of the literature on this entity are presented.

During acute or chronic uremia, the cumulative harmful effects of uremic toxins result in numerous health problems and, ultimately, mortality. Previous research has identified that uremic retention solutes originate from the gut microbiome, indicating that uremia may be closely associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis. To deepen our understanding of the compositional characteristics of the gut microbiome in patients with uremia and thereby promote precision medicine in the treatment of uremia, we conducted a study of the compositional characteristics of the gut microbiome in 20 patients with uremia...