Gerontology

INTRODUCTION: The data is limit for the association between osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in community-based older populations and whether there is sex difference. This study aimed to examine the relationship between OA and prevalence and incidence of CVD over 10 years in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: Data on self-reported OA, high cholesterol, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes were collected from 1,025 community-dwelling participants aged 70-90 years in the Sydney Memory and Aging Study...

INTRODUCTION: The optimal choice of dialysis modality remains contentious in older adults threatened by advanced age and high risk of comorbidities. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies to assess mortality risk between peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) in older adults using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library database from inception to June 1, 2022. The outcome of interest is all-cause mortality...

OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia, heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common among the older people. Our objective was to evaluate the frequency of sarcopenia, among community-dwelling older adults with heart failure, possible causative factors and the additive factor of CKD. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of 1420 older people living in the community was carried out. Participants (aged 75 years and more) came from a European multicenter prospective cohort (SCOPE study)...

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the association of respiratory muscle strength with sarcopenia and its indicators in the oldest old. METHODS: Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and sarcopenia related factors (handgrip strength and appendicular lean mass) were evaluated in a cohort of n=286 (45.5% female) non-frail, community-dwelling persons aged 83.6±3.0 years (age range 80-97 years). RESULTS: The sample presented a sarcopenia prevalence of 32...

INTRODUCTION: Although sedation is critical in minimizing discomforts in patients, conflicting data regarding the safety of sedation among the elderly population exist. OBJECTIVE: This prospective study aimed to compare the quality of recovery (QoR) from gastrointestinal endoscopy performed under sedation between elderly and younger patients. METHODS: We included 177 patients aged 40-64 (group 1, n = 66), 65-79 (group 2, n = 76), and ≥80 (group 3, n = 35) years...

Introduction Despite growing calls to tackle aging-related cardiovascular disease (CVD), the role of detecting early diastolic dysfunction such as those observed in aging, prior to clinical disease, is of unclear clinical benefit. Methods Myocardial function determined by echocardiography was examined in association with incident cardiovascular outcomes or all-cause death by Cox proportional hazards model. Sex-based differences in outcomes were included. Results 956 participants [mean age 63±12.9 years, n=424 males (44%)] were categorized based on mitral peak early to late diastolic filling velocity (E/A) ratios: E/A <0...

INTRODUCTION: Frailty is a crucial health issue among older adults. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are possible pathogeneses of frailty. However, few longitudinal studies have investigated the association between GDF15 and the incidence of frailty. Therefore, we investigated whether high serum GDF15 levels are associated with the incidence of frailty. METHODS: A total of 175 older adults (mean age : 77 ± 6 years; 63% women) with cardiometabolic diseases and no frailty out of the two criteria at baseline participated...

INTRODUCTION: Esophageal cancer is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and typically tends to manifest at an older age. Marked heterogeneity in time-dependent functional decline in older adults results in varying grades of clinically manifest patient fitness or frailty. The biological age-related adaptations that accompany functional decline have been shown to modulate the non-malignant cells comprising the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the current work, we studied the association between biological age and TME characteristics in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma...

INTRODUCTION: Studies of community-dwelling older adults find subjective age affects health and functional outcomes. This study explored whether younger subjective age serves as a protective factor against hospital-associated physical, cognitive, and emotional decline, well-known consequences of hospitalization among the elderly. METHODS: The paper is a secondary data analysis of a subsample (N=262; age 77.5±6.6) from the HoPE-MOR (Hospitalization Process Effects on Mobility Outcomes and Recovery study...

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INTRODUCTION: The longevity is influenced by of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The specific changes that occur in the gut microbiome during the aging process, and their relationship to longevity and immune function, have not yet been fully understood. The ongoing research other microbiome based to longevity cohort in Kazakhstan, provides preliminary information on longevity-related aging, where cytokine expression is associated with specific microbial communities and microbial functions...

INTRODUCTION: While several antidepressants have been identified as potential geroprotectors, the effect and mechanism of sertraline on healthspan remain to be elucidated. Here, we explored the role of sertraline in lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). METHODS: The optimal effect concentration of sertraline was first screened in wild-type N2 worms under heat stress conditions. Then, we examined the effects of sertraline on lifespan, reproduction, lipofuscin accumulation, mobility, and stress resistance...

INTRODUCTION: Current cognitive assessments suffer from floor/ceiling and practice effects, poor psychometric performance in mild cases, and repeated assessment effects. This study explores the use of digital speech analysis as an alternative tool for determining cognitive impairment. The study specifically focuses on identifying the digital speech biomarkers associated with cognitive impairment and its severity. METHODS: We recruited older adults with varying cognitive health...

INTRODUCTION: In aging populations, the coexistence of multiple health comorbidities represents a significant challenge for clinicians and researchers. Leveraging advances in omics techniques to characterize these health conditions may provide insight into disease pathogenesis, as well as reveal biomarkers for monitoring, prognostication, and diagnosis. Researchers have previously established the utility of big data approaches with respect to comprehensive health outcome measurements in younger populations, identifying protein markers that may provide significant health information with a single blood sample...

INTRODUCTION: Hip fractures can have a significant impact on the lives of older people and their families. We conducted a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of post-discharge comprehensive geriatric care (CGC) for community-dwelling older adults after a surgically repaired hip fracture. The objective of this study was to conduct a secondary analysis to compare changes in health status and perceived capability from baseline to 12 months after randomization with: the EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D-5L) (1) utility score and (2) visual analogue scale (VAS); and (3) well-being as measured by participants' perceptions of their ability (or capability) towards completing life activities using the ICEpop CAPability measure for Older people (ICECAP-O)...

Introduction The objective of this study is to examine the potential induction of senescence in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a defining characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This investigation seeks to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with OSA, with a particular focus on CIH-induced vascular aging. Methods The BioSpherix-OxyCycler system was used to establish models of CIH in both rats and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)...

BACKGROUND: The related functions of skeletal muscle and brain decrease significantly with age, and muscle-brain-related diseases are primarily associated with each other. Exercise can promote the secretion of myokines in skeletal muscle, showing a beneficial effect on the function of both, reflecting muscle-brain crosstalk. However, the key mechanism of action of exercise-regulated myokines in muscle-brain diseases remains unclear. SUMMARY: This review is intended to sort out and explore the key mechanism of the effect of exercise regulatory myokines on muscle-brain diseases through summarizing the relevant literature on the level of motor regulatory myokines in recent years and pay special attention to the impact of exercise type, intensity, and duration on myokine expression levels...

BACKGROUND: The aging process is complex, comprising various contributing factors influencing late-life conditions and eventual occurrence of chronic diseases that generate high financial and human costs. These factors include genetic proneness, lifestyle conducted throughout life, environmental conditions, as well as dietary aspects, among others, all together modulating precise pathways linked to aging, making longevity a multidimensional event. SUMMARY: Compelling evidence support the concept that nutritional determinants have major impact on the risk of age-associated non-communicable diseases as well as mortality...

BACKGROUND: As the largest organ in the human body, the skin is continuously exposed to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli that impact its functionality and morphology with aging. Skin aging entails dysregulation of skin cells and loss, fragmentation, or fragility of extracellular matrix fibers that are manifested macroscopically by wrinkling, laxity, and pigmentary abnormalities. Age-related skin changes are the focus of many surgical and nonsurgical treatments aimed at improving overall skin appearance and health...

INTRODUCTION: Mortality in emergency departments (ED) is not well known. This study aimed to assess the impact of the first-wave pandemic on deaths accounted in the ED of older patients with COVID and non-covid diseases. METHODS: We used data from the EDEN (Emergency Department and Elderly Needs) cohort (preCOVID period) and from the EDEN-Covid cohort (COVID period) that included all patients ≥65 years seen in 52 Spanish EDs from April 1 to 7, 2019, and March 30 to April 5, 2020, respectively...