journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536778/using-evidence-to-address-differences-in-opinions-and-practice-in-neonatal-nutrition
#1
EDITORIAL
Brenda B Poindexter, Amy B Hair
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536777/feeding-a-newborn-shouldn-t-be-that-complicated
#2
EDITORIAL
Lucky Jain
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536776/the-role-of-the-neonatal-registered-dietitian-nutritionist-past-present-and-future
#3
REVIEW
Stephanie Merlino Barr, Rosa K Hand, Tanis R Fenton, Sharon Groh-Wargo
Neonatal registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) are critical members of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) team due to their unique skillset of growth assessment, nutrition evaluation, and implementation of nutrition best practices. There is a paucity of data on appropriate staffing of neonatal RDNs in NICUs to promote improved patient outcomes. Here, the authors describe current neonatal RDN staffing and responsibilities in the US NICUs.
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536775/controversies-and-conundrums-in-newborn-feeding
#4
REVIEW
Jennifer McAllister, Scott Wexelblatt, Laura Ward
Breastfeeding is the biologic norm for newborn feeding, and exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life is universally endorsed by leading global and national organizations. Despite these recommendations, many people do not meet their breastfeeding goals and controversies surrounding breastfeeding problems exist. Medical issues can present challenges for the clinician and parents to successfully meet desired feeding outcomes. There are studies evaluating these common controversies and medical conundrums, and clinicians should provide evidence-based recommendations when counseling families about newborn feeding...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536774/special-populations-surgical-infants
#5
REVIEW
Stefanie Riddle, Heidi Karpen
Congenital gastrointestinal disorders and other surgical diagnoses share many common problems: increased nutritional requirements to prevent catabolism, enhance wound healing, and provide optimal growth; impaired motility and altered intestinal flora leading to feeding intolerance requiring long-term parenteral nutrition; gastroesophageal reflux and poor feeding mechanics requiring tube feedings and support; growth failure; poor barrier function and risk of infection; and other long-term sequelae. Consequently, the surgical "at-risk" infant requires specialized nutritional support to meet their increased requirements to ensure adequate growth and meet the increased demands from critical illness...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536773/nutrition-for-infants-with-congenital-heart-disease
#6
REVIEW
Jasmeet Kataria-Hale, Laura Gollins, Krista Bonagurio, Cynthia Blanco, Amy B Hair
Perioperative malnutrition in infants with congenital heart disease can lead to significant postnatal growth failure and poor short- and long-term outcomes. A standardized approach to nutrition is needed for the neonatal congenital heart disease population, taking into consideration the type of cardiac lesion, the preoperative and postoperative period, and prematurity. Early enteral feeding is beneficial and should be paired with parenteral nutrition to meet the fluid and nutrient needs of the infant.
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536772/current-practices-challenges-and-recommendations-in-enteral-nutrition-after-necrotizing-enterocolitis
#7
REVIEW
Elena Itriago, Kimberly Fernandez Trahan, Leonor Adriana Massieu, Parvesh M Garg, Muralidhar H Premkumar
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a neonatal disease with high mortality and morbidity. There is a lack of evidence-based recommendations on nutritional rehabilitation following NEC, and much of the current practice is guided by institutional policies and expert opinions. After a diagnosis of NEC, infants are exposed to an extended period of bowel rest and a prolonged course of antibiotics. Recognizing the patient characteristics that predict nutritional tolerance, early initiation of enteral nutrition, minimizing periods of bowel rest and antibiotic exposure, and standardization of dietary practices are the mainstay of post-NEC nutrition...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536771/red-blood-cell-transfusion-anemia-feeding-and-the-risk-of-necrotizing-enterocolitis
#8
REVIEW
Anand Salem, Ravi M Patel
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Severe anemia and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion are associated with gut inflammation and injury in preclinical models and observational studies. However, there is uncertainty about the causal role of these factors in the pathogenesis of NEC. Observational studies have shown that withholding feeding during RBC transfusion may reduce the risk of NEC, although confirmatory data from randomized trials are lacking...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536770/nutrition-management-of-high-risk-neonates-after-discharge
#9
REVIEW
Shruti Gupta, Sarah N Taylor
Nutrition management of the high-risk infant after hospital discharge is complicated by the infant's dysfunctional or immature oral feeding skills, nutritional deficits, and the family's feeding plan. Although evidence is limited, available studies point to developing an individualized nutritional plan, which accounts for these factors; protects and prioritizes the family's plan for breastfeeding; and promotes an acceptable growth pattern. Further research is needed to identify the type and duration of posthospital discharge nutrition to optimize high-risk infant neurodevelopment and body composition...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536769/human-milk-fortification-strategies-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit
#10
REVIEW
Ting Ting Fu, Brenda B Poindexter
Multicomponent fortification is the standard of care to support short-term growth in preterm infants receiving human milk. There is no consensus regarding the optimal timing, method, or products used to fortify human milk. Both bovine milk-based and human milk-based human milk fortifiers are safe options, though increased fortification and enrichment may be needed to achieve adequate growth. Additional studies are needed to evaluate newer fortifier products and fortification strategies.
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536768/human-milk-fortification-for-very-preterm-infants-toward-optimal-nutrient-delivery-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-growth-and-long-term-outcomes
#11
REVIEW
Saharnaz Talebiyan, Mandy Brown Belfort
Human milk is the preferred diet for very preterm infants due to short-term and long-term benefits for health and neurodevelopment. Fortification of human milk is required to deliver sufficient nutrients to attain recommended growth targets during the neonatal hospitalization. Intrinsic variability in human milk composition poses a challenge in clinical practice because some infants fail to meet recommended nutrient intakes even with existing approaches of standard (fixed-dose) and adjustable fortification...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536767/the-practice-of-enteral-nutrition-clinical-evidence-for-feeding-protocols
#12
REVIEW
Ariel A Salas, Colm P Travers
Establishing full enteral nutrition in critically ill preterm infants with immature gastrointestinal function is challenging. In this article, we will summarize emerging clinical evidence from randomized clinical trials suggesting the feasibility and efficacy of feeding interventions targeting the early establishment of full enteral nutrition. We will also examine trial outcomes of higher volume feedings after the establishment of full enteral nutrition. Only data from randomized clinical trials will be discussed extensively...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536766/calcium-and-phosphorus-all-you-need-to-know-but-were-afraid-to-ask
#13
REVIEW
Katerina Kellar, Nisha Reddy Pandillapalli, Alvaro G Moreira
Inadequate intake of calcium and phosphorus during the perinatal period can result in metabolic bone disease (MBD), characterized by decreased bone mass, altered bone mineralization, and increased risk for fractures. Preterm neonates have higher risk of developing MBD. Treating MBD involves ensuring adequate calcium and phosphorus intake, early fortification, and vitamin D supplementation. Health care providers should closely monitor nutrient intake, postnatal growth, and screening of preterm neonates at risk for MBD...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536765/parenteral-nutrition-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-intravenous-lipid-emulsions
#14
REVIEW
Alvin P Chan, Sara Rostas, Samantha Rogers, Camilia R Martin, Kara L Calkins
Intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) are a source of nonprotein calories and fatty acids and help promote growth in preterm infants and infants with intestinal failure. An ILE dose and oil source determines its fatty acid, phytosterol, and vitamin E delivery. These factors play a role in the infant's risk for essential fatty acid deficiency and cholestasis, and help modulate inflammation, immunity, and organ development. This article reviews different ILEs and their constituents and their relationship with neonatal health...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536764/administering-parenteral-nutrition-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-logistics-existing-challenges-and-a-few-conundrums
#15
REVIEW
Anne L Smazal, Imran M Ilahi, Janice Raucci, Daniel T Robinson
Use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) requires evaluating the need for central venous catheters, potential drug incompatibilities, unintentional exposures, and suboptimal energy and nutrient intake during the transition to full enteral nutrition. Risks of photooxidation reactions in PN components, refeeding syndrome, and excess early amino acid intake should prompt the reevaluation of routine practices. The goal of this paper is to review the practicalities, challenges, and conundrums of administering PN in the NICU...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37536763/early-fluid-and-nutritional-management-of-extremely-preterm-newborns-during-the-fetal-to-neonatal-transition
#16
REVIEW
Gregory C Valentine, Krystle Perez, Amy B Hair
During the fetal-to-neonatal transitional period, extremely preterm newborns undergo significant intrabody fluid shifts and resulting weight loss due to increased insensible fluid losses due to immature skin, kidneys, among other factors. These ongoing physiologic changes make fluid and nutritional management complex in the neonatal-to-fetal transitional time period for extremely premature newborns. However, limited literature exists to guide optimal practices for providers caring for this population. Here, we review the evidence on optimal fluid and nutritional management during the fetal-to-neonatal transition of extremely preterm newborns...
September 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37201997/when-it-comes-to-quality-of-care-one-is-not-zero
#17
EDITORIAL
Lucky Jain
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37201996/a-tipping-point-for-quality-improvement-in-neonatal-intensive-care
#18
EDITORIAL
Heather C Kaplan, Munish Gupta
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37201995/measuring-equity-for-quality-improvement
#19
REVIEW
Nina Menda, Erika Edwards
Applying an equity lens to quality improvement (QI) by collecting, reviewing, and using data that measure health disparities helps identify whether QI interventions improve outcomes evenly and equally across the population or have a greater impact in an advantaged or disadvantaged group. Methodological issues inherent in measuring disparities include appropriately selecting data sources; ensuring reliability and validity of equity data; choosing a suitable comparison group; and understanding between-group variation...
June 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37201994/recent-progress-in-neonatal-global-health-quality-improvement
#20
REVIEW
Ashish Kc, Rohit Ramaswamy, Danielle Ehret, Bogale Worku, Beena D Kamath-Rayne
Quality improvement methodologies, coupled with basic neonatal resuscitation and essential newborn care training, have been shown to be critical ingredients in improving neonatal mortality. Innovative methodologies, such as virtual training and telementoring, can enable the mentorship and supportive supervision that are essential to the continued work of improvement and health systems strengthening that must be done after a single training event. Empowering local champions, building effective data collection systems, and developing frameworks for audits and debriefs are among the strategies that will create effective and high-quality health care systems...
June 2023: Clinics in Perinatology
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