Physician and Sportsmedicine

OBJECTIVES: The extent to which knee functions improve after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) varies. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect lower knee function improvement after two years of ACLR. METHODS: The study included 159 patients who underwent ACLR in the XXX ACL community between August 2018 and April 2020. The concomitant injury and graft types of ACLR were determined using patients' pre-surgical MRI and medical records...

OBJECTIVES: To determine if preseason lower extremity ROM, flexibility, and strength differ in collegiate gymnasts (NCAA Division 1) who do or do not sustain an injury during the competitive season. METHODS: Over four seasons a total of 15 female gymnasts (age= 20.5±1.0 years) underwent preseason screening (30 gymnast-season). We tested joint ROM (hip: flexion, internal and external rotation; ankle: weight bearing dorsiflexion), muscle flexibility (passive straight leg raise, Thomas', Ober's, Ely's tests) and strength (hip extensors, abductors, and flexors isometric strength via a handheld dynamometer; knee: quadriceps and hamstring isokinetic strength at 60°/sec)...

OBJECTIVES: Endurance athletes with chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) frequently require fasciotomy to return to activity, but there are no existing comprehensive evidence-based rehabilitation guidelines. We aimed to summarize rehabilitation protocols and return to activity criteria after CECS surgery. METHODS: Through a systematic literature review, we identified 27 articles that explicitly defined physician-imposed restrictions or guidelines for patients to resume athletic activities following CECS surgery...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of shoulder injuries and ultrasound findings in elite Portuguese swimmers and their association with symptoms and personal or training-related factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Portuguese Open and Youth Swimming National Championships between 27 and 30th July 2022. Each athlete entered details regarding personal and training history into a questionnaire and underwent a physical and ultrasound shoulder examination...

OBJECTIVES: Determining the rate of injuries related to a certain sport is accepted as the primary step toward designing, implementing and evaluating injury prevention programs. This observational and retrospective study was to examine the injuries sustained by elite young Spanish inline speed skaters during a season. METHODS: Athletes participating in the national championship (n= 80) were surveyed via an anonymous online questionnaire to screen for injury characteristics: incidence, location, and tissue affected; plus training information and demographics...

PURPOSE: To assess what eyewear (if any) reduces eye injury incidence and severity in squash, racketball, tennis and badminton. DESIGN: Systematic review following the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses' (PRISMA) and the 'implementing Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science' (PERSiST) guidelines. METHODS: PubMed, SportDiscus and Web of Science were searched on 22nd February 2023...

BACKGROUND: Although it has been shown that amenorrhea associated with low energy availability or relative energy deficiency in sport affects body physiology in female athletes, the association between menstrual dysfunction during active sports careers and reproductive function after retirement is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between menstrual dysfunction during their active sports career and post-retirement infertility in female athletes...

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate injury trends in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) participation presenting to U.S. emergency departments over a 10 year period and formulate an injury profile. METHODS: The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC) National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for martial arts related injuries from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021. Codes, and narratives were examined to compile data for patients sustaining BJJ related injuries...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology, mechanisms, treatment, and disability for facial injuries in National Basketball Association (NBA) athletes. METHODS: This was a retrospective descriptive epidemiological chart review using NBA Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. Responses to injuries reported in games, practices, and other activities were used for all data analysis, except for game incidence rates. Incidence rates were calculated by the game-related facial injury incidence per total athlete exposure (player-games)...

OBJECTIVES: Exertional heat stroke (EHS) remains a significant health concern while training in hot environments, prompting the development of non-invasive wearable technology for monitoring estimated core temperature (ECT). The objective of this study was to review the effectiveness of an ECT device during elite military training by providing a case series of individuals who developed EHS. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of EHS cases during high-intensity training while wearing the ECT device, Zephyr BioharnessTM ...

Hamstring muscle injuries (HMI) are a common and recurrent issue in the sport of athletics, particularly in sprinting and jumping disciplines. This review summarises the latest literature on hamstring muscle injuries in athletics from a clinical perspective. The considerable heterogeneity in injury definitions and reporting methodologies among studies still needs to be addressed for greater clarity. Expert teams have recently developed evidenced-based muscle injury classification systems whose application could guide clinical decision-making; however, no system has been adopted universally in clinical practice, yet...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the number of athletes who aim to return to competition after childbirth has increased. However, few international reports have investigated complications during pregnancy, and changes in physical function after childbirth in many athletes. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a retrospective investigation of medical problems during pregnancy, and postpartum, in female athletes who aim to return to competition after childbirth, and to identify the barriers and facilitators for their return...

Stress fractures are common in highly active people, such as athletes or those in the military. They occur frequently in the lower extremities but sternal stress fractures are rare injuries. We present a case of a young male who reported no pain and a 'click' sound from the front of the chest while training with parallel bar dips with a grip that was wider than shoulder-width apart. In this case, radiological evaluation was the most helpful tool to diagnose manubrium sterni stress fracture. We advised him to rest but he started exercises immediately because he had to participate in a military camp after the injury...

OBJECTIVES: Many types of COVID19 vaccines are administered globally, yet there is not much evidence regarding their side effects among athletes. This study evaluated the selfreported postvaccination side effects of inactivated virus, adenoviral vector, and mRNA COVID19 vaccines among Algerian athletes. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey-based study was carried out in Algeria between March 01 and 4 April 2022. The study used a validated questionnaire with twenty-five multiple-choice items covering the participants' anamnestic characteristics, post-vaccination side effects (their onset and duration), post-vaccination medical care, and risk factors...

OBJECTIVES: Currently, there are five international screening tools that are recommended to identify individuals who require pre-exercise medical clearance to reduce the risk of medical encounters during exercise. Therefore, the aim was to determine the percentage of race entrants who are advised to obtain pre-exercise medical clearance and the observed agreement between these five different international pre-exercise medical screening tools. METHODS: In all, 76,654 race entrants from the Two Oceans Marathon (2012-2015) that completed an online pre-race screening questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are devastating injuries for athletes. Prior studies have shown increased ACL injury rates on non-natural surfaces versus natural grass in several sports. The purpose of this study is to calculate the prevalence of ACL injuries in the NFL on natural versus non-natural surfaces to determine if there is a significant increase on non-natural surfaces. METHODS: Accessing publicly available data for NFL seasons beginning with the 2017-2018 season through 2021-2022 seasons, all ACL injuries with publicly available data concerning timing and playing surface were recorded and categorized according to playing surface...

BACKGROUND: Dancers are susceptible to injury. Nevertheless, injury epidemiology research in dancers is inconsistent. Furthermore, ballet dancing has dominated the huge body of reviews analysing the epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a variety of artistic dance forms, making it challenging to acquire a thorough, comprehensive, and understandable reporting of the available data. PURPOSE: The overview and reanalysis of dancers' musculoskeletal pain and injury load across artistic dance forms...

INTRODUCTION: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) has become one of the most popular biologic treatments in orthopaedic surgery. Despite this, its utilization over the last decade has not been investigated. METHODS: We conducted a search using Current Procedural Terminology codes to identify patients who received PRP injections between 2010 and 2019 using the PearlDiver database. The purpose was to 1) determine annual trends of PRP injections of the ankle, hip, knee, shoulder and elbow for cartilaginous, tendinous, ligamentous, meniscal/labral and miscellaneous pathologies; 2) compare baseline demographics of patients receiving these injections; and 3) analyze costs...

BACKGROUND: : Supplementation with angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) has received considerable attention due to its possible ergogenic effects on physical performance. The effects of a single dose of Ang-(1-7) on the performance of mountain bike (MTB) athletes during progressive load tests performed until the onset of voluntary fatigue have previously been demonstrated. This study tested the effects of Ang-(1-7) in two different exercise protocols with different metabolic demands: aerobic (time trial) and anaerobic (repeated sprint)...

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the on-ice performance and return to play (RTP) rate following COVID-19 for National Hockey League (NHL) players during the 2020-21 season. METHODS: Players with COVID-19 during the abbreviated 2020-21 season were identified using publicly accessible online sources. Demographics and on-ice metrics were accessed using the NHL's online statistics website. The length of time, rate of RTP, and games missed due to COVID-19 were analyzed. Primary outcomes included average time on ice (TOI) per game (TOI/G), average TOI per shift (TOI/S), and points per game (PPG) compared at different timepoints including pre- and post-COVID-19...