journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38307451/a-mathematical-model-of-obesity-induced-type-2-diabetes-and-efficacy-of-anti-diabetic-weight-reducing-drug
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nourridine Siewe, Avner Friedman
The dominant paradigm for modeling the obesity-induced T2DM (type 2 diabetes mellitus) today focuses on glucose and insulin regulatory systems, diabetes pathways, and diagnostic test evaluations. The problem with this approach is that it is not possible to explicitly account for the glucose transport mechanism from the blood to the liver, where the glucose is stored, and from the liver to the blood. This makes it inaccurate, if not incorrect, to properly model the concentration of glucose in the blood in comparison to actual glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test results...
January 31, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38307450/a-novel-multiscale-framework-for-delineating-cancer-evolution-from-subclonal-compositions
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhihao Yao, Suoqin Jin, Fuling Zhou, Junbai Wang, Kai Wang, Xiufen Zou
OBJECTIVE: Owing to the heterogeneity in the evolution of cancer, distinguishing between diverse growth patterns and predicting long-term outcomes based on short-term measurements poses a great challenge. METHODS: A novel multiscale framework is proposed to unravel the connections between the population dynamics of cancer growth (i.e., aggressive, bounded, and indolent) and the cellular-subclonal dynamics of cancer evolution. This framework employs the non-negative lasso (NN-LASSO) algorithm to forge a link between an ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based population model and a cellular evolution model...
January 31, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38281541/many-to-many-mapping-a-simulation-study-of-how-the-number-of-traits-and-tasks-affect-the-evolution-of-form-and-function
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip J Bergmann, Isabel Tonelli-Sippel
Many-to-many mapping of form-to-function posits that multiple morphological and physiological traits affect the performance of multiple tasks in an organism, and that redundancy and multitasking occur simultaneously to shape the evolution of an organism's phenotype. Many-to-many mapping is expected to be ubiquitous in nature, yet little is known about how it influences the evolution of organismal phenotype. The F-matrix is a powerful tool to study these issues because it describes how multiple traits affect multiple tasks...
January 26, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280545/a-model-about-regulation-on-three-division-modes-of-stem-cell
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qingxin Xie, Han Zhang, Maoxiang Wang, Kexun Yan, Fenglan Hu, Meng Xu
We construct a multi-stage cell lineage model for cell division, apoptosis and movement. Cells are assumed to secrete and respond to negative feedback molecules which act as a control on the stem cell divisions (including self-renewal, asymmetrical cell division (ACD) and differentiation). The densities of cells and molecules are described by coupled reaction-diffusion partial differential equations, and the plane wavefront propagation speeds can be obtained analytically and verified numerically. It is found that with ACD the population and propagation of stem cells can be promoted but the negative regulation on self-renewal and differentiation will work slowly...
January 25, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280544/a-mathematical-model-of-biofilm-growth-and-spread-within-plant-xylem-case-study-of-xylella-fastidiosa-in-olive-trees
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N Walker, S M White, S A Ruiz, D McKay Fletcher, M Saponari, T Roose
Xylem-limited bacterial pathogens cause some of the most destructive plant diseases. Though imposed measures to control these pathogens are generally ineffective, even among susceptible taxa, some hosts can limit bacterial loads and symptom expression. Mechanisms by which this resistance is achieved are poorly understood. In particular, it is still unknown how differences in vascular structure may influence biofilm growth and spread within a host. To address this, we developed a novel theoretical framework to describe biofilm behaviour within xylem vessels, adopting a polymer-based modelling approach...
January 25, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280543/the-evolutionary-dynamics-of-hyperparasites
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Graham R Northrup, Andy White, Steven R Parratt, Carly Rozins, Anna-Liisa Laine, Mike Boots
Evolutionary theory has typically focused on pairwise interactions, such as those between hosts and parasites, with relatively little work having been carried out on more complex interactions including hyperparasites: parasites of parasites. Hyperparasites are common in nature, with the chestnut blight fungus virus CHV-1 a well-known natural example, but also notably include the phages of important human bacterial diseases. We build a general modeling framework for the evolution of hyperparasites that highlights the central role that the ability of a hyperparasite to be transmitted with its parasite plays in their evolution...
January 25, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280542/oscillations-of-algal-cell-quota-considering-two-stage-phosphate-uptake-kinetics
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anglu Shen, Shufei Gao, Jie Jiang, Qingjing Hu, Hao Wang, Sanling Yuan
Elucidating the mechanism of effect of phosphate (PO4 3- ) uptake on the growth of algal cells helps understand the frequent outbreaks of algal blooms caused by eutrophication. In this study, we develop a comprehensive mathematical model that incorporates two stages of PO4 3- uptake and accounts for transport time delay. The model parameter values are determined by fitting experimental data of Prorocentrum donghaiense and the model is validated using experimental data of Karenia mikimotoi. The numerical results demonstrate that the model successfully captures the general characteristics of algal growth and PO4 3- uptake under PO4 3- sufficient conditions...
January 25, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38278129/corrigendum-to-multiscale-numerical-workflow-describing-microalgae-motion-and-light-pattern-incidence-towards-population-growth-in-a-photobioreactor-j-theoret-biol-498-2020-110293
#28
Victor Pozzobon, Patrick Perré
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 25, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38278344/mathematical-modeling-of-adipocyte-size-distributions-identifiability-and-parameter-estimation-from-rat-data
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne-Sophie Giacobbi, Leo Meyer, Magali Ribot, Romain Yvinec, Hedi Soula, Chloe Audebert
Fat cells, called adipocytes, are designed to regulate energy homeostasis by storing energy in the form of lipids. Adipocyte size distribution is assumed to play a role in the development of obesity-related diseases. This population of cells that do not have a characteristic size, indeed a bimodal size distribution is observed in adipose tissue. We propose a model based on a partial differential equation to describe adipocyte size distribution. The model includes a description of the lipid fluxes and the cell size fluctuations and using a formulation of a stationary solution fast computation of bimodal distribution is achieved...
January 24, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38278343/a-mixture-like-model-for-tumor-immune-system-interactions
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Tayou Fotso, Simon Girel, Fabienne Anjuère, Véronique M Braud, Florence Hubert, Thierry Goudon
We introduce a mathematical model based on mixture theory intended to describe the tumor-immune system interactions within the tumor microenvironment. The equations account for the geometry of the tumor expansion, and the displacement of the immune cells, driven by diffusion and chemotactic mechanisms. They also take into account the constraints in terms of nutrient and oxygen supply. The numerical investigations analyze the impact of the different modeling assumptions and parameters. Depending on the parameters, the model can reproduce elimination, equilibrium or escape phases and it identifies a critical role of oxygen/nutrient supply in shaping the tumor growth...
January 24, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38272110/a-stochastic-model-for-topographically-influenced-cell-migration
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A J Mitchinson, M Pogson, G Czanner, D Conway, R R Wilkinson, M F Murphy, I Siekmann, S D Webb
Migrating cells traverse a range of topographic configurations presented by the native extracellular environment to conduct their physiologic functions. It is well documented cells can modulate their behaviour in response to different topographic features, finding promising applications in biomaterial and bioimplant design. It is useful, in these areas of research, to be able to predict which topographic arrangements could be used to promote certain patterns of migration prior to laboratory experimentation...
January 23, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38253220/emergence-of-broad-cytosolic-ca-2-oscillations-in-the-absence-of-crac-channels-a-model-for-crac-mediated-negative-feedback-on-plc-and-ca-2-oscillations-through-pkc
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lloyd Lee, Ryan Yoast, Scott Emrich, Mohamed Trebak, Vivien Kirk, James Sneyd
The role of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels mediated by ORAI isoforms in calcium signalling has been extensively investigated. It has been shown that the presence or absence of different isoforms has a significant effect on store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). Yoast et al. (2020) showed that, in addition to the reported narrow-spike oscillations (whereby cytosolic calcium decreases quickly after a sharp increase), ORAI1 knockout HEK293 cells were able to oscillate with broad-spike oscillations (whereby cytosolic calcium decreases in a prolonged manner after a sharp increase) when stimulated with a muscarinic agonist...
January 20, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246487/crozier-s-paradox-and-kin-recognition-insights-from-simplified-models
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas W Scott
Crozier's paradox suggests that genetic kin recognition will not be evolutionarily stable. The problem is that more common tags (markers) are more likely to be recognised and helped. This causes common tags to increase in frequency, eliminating the genetic variability that is required for genetic kin recognition. In recent years, theoretical models have resolved Crozier's paradox in different ways, but they are based on very complicated multi-locus population genetics. Consequently, it is hard to see exactly what is going on, and whether different theoretical resolutions of Crozier's paradox lead to different types of kin discrimination...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246486/lewy-body-radius-growth-the-hypothesis-of-the-cube-root-of-time-dependency
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrey V Kuznetsov
This paper presents a model for the growth of Lewy bodies (LBs), which are pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). The model simulates the growth of classical LBs, consisting of a core and a halo. The core is assumed to comprise lipid membrane fragments and damaged organelles, while the halo consists of radiating alpha-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils. The Finke-Watzky model is employed to simulate the aggregation of lipid fragments and α-syn monomers. By analytically and numerically exploring the solutions of the governing equations, approximate solutions were derived, which are applicable for large times...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246485/the-mechanism-of-pattern-transitions-between-formation-and-dispersion
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shin Nishihara, Toru Ohira
On the surface of living organisms, a wide variety of patterns can be observed, some of which change during their growth process. For instance, Pelodiscus sinensis exhibits distinct black patterns on its vivid orange plastron during the embryonic and juvenile stages, but as it matures, the black patterns gradually disappear, resulting in a whitened plastron. This pattern transition is a mysterious phenomenon that forms and vanishes on the plastron, a ventral part with low visibility to both predators and peers...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38224853/stoichiometric-microplastics-models-in-natural-and-laboratory-environments
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianxu Wang, Hao Wang
Microplastics pose a severe threat to marine ecosystems; however, relevant mathematical modeling and analysis are lacking. This paper formulates two stoichiometric producer-grazer models to investigate the interactive effects of microplastics, nutrients, and light on population dynamics under different settings. One model incorporates optimal microplastic uptake and foraging behavior based on nutrient availability for natural settings, while the other model does not include foraging in laboratory settings. We establish the well-posedness of the models and examine their long-term behaviors...
January 13, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38218530/modelling-count-data-with-partial-differential-equation-models-in-biology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew J Simpson, Ryan J Murphy, Oliver J Maclaren
Partial differential equation (PDE) models are often used to study biological phenomena involving movement-birth-death processes, including ecological population dynamics and the invasion of populations of biological cells. Count data, by definition, is non-negative, and count data relating to biological populations is often bounded above by some carrying capacity that arises through biological competition for space or nutrients. Parameter estimation, parameter identifiability, and making model predictions usually involves working with a measurement error model that explicitly relating experimental measurements with the solution of a mathematical model...
January 11, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38218529/who-acquires-infection-from-whom-a-sensitivity-analysis-of-transmission-dynamics-during-the-early-phase-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-belgium
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leonardo Angeli, Constantino Pereira Caetano, Nicolas Franco, Steven Abrams, Pietro Coletti, Inneke Van Nieuwenhuyse, Sorin Pop, Niel Hens
Age-related heterogeneity in a host population, whether due to how individuals mix and contact each other, the nature of host-pathogen interactions defining epidemiological parameters, or demographics, is crucial in studying infectious disease dynamics. Compartmental models represent a popular approach to address the problem, dividing the population of interest into a discrete and finite number of states depending on, for example, individuals' age and stage of infection. We study the corresponding linearised system whose operator, in the context of a discrete-time model, equates to a square matrix known as the next generation matrix...
January 11, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38211891/towards-a-qualitative-theory-of-the-interruption-of-eating-behavior-change
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philippe Dague, Laurent Muller, Loïc Paulevé, Marc Irigoin-Guichandut
The poor maintenance of eating behavior change is one of the main obstacles to minimizing weight regain after weight loss during diets for non-surgical care of obese or overweight patients. We start with a known informal explanation of interruption in eating behavior change during severe restriction and formalize it as a causal network involving psychological variables, which we extend with energetic variables governed by principles of thermodynamics. The three core phenomena of dietary behavior change, i.e...
January 9, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38211890/quantifying-robustness-of-the-gap-gene-network
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth Andreas, Breschine Cummins, Tomáš Gedeon
Early development of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) facilitated by the gap gene network has been shown to be incredibly robust, and the same patterns emerge even when the process is seriously disrupted. We investigate this robustness using a previously developed computational framework called DSGRN (Dynamic Signatures Generated by Regulatory Networks). Our mathematical innovations include the conceptual extension of this established modeling technique to enable modeling of spatially monotone environmental effects, as well as the development of a collection of graph theoretic robustness scores for network models...
January 9, 2024: Journal of Theoretical Biology
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