Journal of Psychosomatic Research

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative delirium (POD) is strongly associated with poor early and long-term prognosis in cardiac surgery patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study aimed to develop dynamic prediction models for POD after cardiac surgery under CPB using machine learning (ML) algorithms. METHODS: From July 2021 to June 2022, clinical data were collected from patients undergoing cardiac surgery under CPB at Nanjing First Hospital. A dataset from the same center (October 2022 to November 2022) was also used for temporal external validation...

OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic growth (PTG), and its negative reflection, posttraumatic depreciation (PTD), are two aspects of response to trauma. This study explores whether daily emotional dynamics (inertia and innovation) can translate into positive versus negative changes among people living with HIV (PLWH) in the form of long-term changes in PTG or PTD. METHODS: The study combined a classical longitudinal approach with two assessments of PTG and PTD within one year and a measurement burst diary design with three weekly electronic diaries...

OBJECTIVE: Individuals with psychosis present a greater prevalence of chronic lung diseases, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). These chronic respiratory diseases are preceded by early lung function alterations; such as preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) or normal spirometry but low diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO). However, there is no previous evidence on these lung function alterations in psychosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk of having spirometry and DLCO alterations in subjects with psychosis compared with a control group...

OBJECTIVE: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL), an increased risk of morbidity, and mortality. Traditional AF-related outcomes (e.g., AF recurrence) primarily demonstrate the physiological benefits of AF management but do not focus on the benefits experienced subjectively by the patient (i.e., patient-reported outcomes), which have been suggested as optimal endpoints in AF intervention studies. The aim of this study is to identify medical and psychological factors associated with impaired HRQoL at 1-year follow-up...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and physical-mental comorbidity among children and adolescents in a cross-sectional study. METHODS: A total of 21,061 students aged 11-17 years from Zhejiang Province, China was recruited in the study. We examined the coexistence of five specific physical illnesses - hypertension, high myopia, dental caries, scoliosis, and obesity - with mental illness, specifically depressive symptoms...

OBJECTIVE: Currently, there are discrepant results regarding the quantitative effect of psoriasis on sleep, which may, in part, be attributed to the use of non-standardised questionnaires. METHODS: The PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for cross-sectional, case-control or cohort studies that recruited patients with psoriasis and healthy controls and reported data regarding Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the prevalence of sleep disturbance (SD) based on the PSQI, published from inception up to January 2023...

BACKGROUND: Depressive and cognitive symptoms like fatigue, loss of energy or sleep disorders characterise the post-COVID condition. Post-COVID psychosomatic rehabilitation should focus on both symptom groups. The current prospective cohort study addresses the change in these symptoms in the context of a psychosomatic rehabilitation. METHOD: N = 80 patients with post-COVID symptoms underwent psychological testing on admission and discharge: PHQ-9 questionnaire for depression, TAP - test battery for the attention test with the sub-tests working memory, sustained attention, divided attention and alertness...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the global and regional prevalence and the potential risk factors for depression among COPD patients. METHODS: Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases were searched for the literature related to the prevalence and risk factors of depression in COPD. Random-effect models were performed to pool the global prevalence. Sub-group analysis and meta-regression were conducted to investigate the potential heterogeneity...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study the prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients with long COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the pooled prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients post COVID-19. We systematically searched relevant studies from three databases, including Medline, Embase and Scopus. Original articles were included based on specific criteria: peer-reviewed, observational studies involving adults (18 or older) with confirmed post COVID-19 status through PCR testing and focused on sleep in the context of post COVID-19...

OBJECTIVE: Insomnia is known to exacerbate pain symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to compare the secondary effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) against a novel treatment for insomnia called acceptance and behavioral changes for insomnia (ABC-I) among individuals with comorbid pain. Differences in the potential mechanisms through which these treatments impact pain were also examined. METHODS: Data consisted of a secondary analysis from a randomized comparative effectiveness trial of CBT-I and ABC-I among women veterans with insomnia and comorbid pain...

OBJECTIVE: Research suggests that healthy sleep is a key component of sexual function. When evaluating sexual function, however, poor sleep is often overlooked as a contributing factor. This cross-sectional survey expands prior work by exploring relationships among insomnia severity, sexual satisfaction, and sexual function with an updated battery of measures for the Sleep and Sex Survey. METHOD: The sample (N = 1266) consisted of 618 men, 648 women recruited via Prolific, an online survey platform...

OBJECTIVE: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious life-threatening condition and can be associated with antipsychotic medication. Asian patients with diabetes exhibit less insulin resistance than Caucasians; however, all previous studies concerning antipsychotic-related DKA have been conducted in Western populations. We analyzed the rank order of the association of antipsychotic agents for schizophrenia with DKA using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database, a spontaneous reporting system database...

OBJECTIVE: Reduced white matter integrity is observed in bipolar disorder (BD), and is associated with cardiovascular risk in adults. This topic is underexplored in youth, and in BD, where novel microvascular measures may help to inform understanding of the vascular-brain connection. We therefore examined the association of retinal vascular caliber with white matter integrity in a cross-sectional sample of adolescents with and without BD. METHODS: Eighty-four adolescents (n = 42 BD, n = 42 controls) completed retinal imaging, yielding arteriolar and venular caliber...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate to what extent individuals report clinically relevant levels of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and concentration problems up to 12 months following COVID-19 symptom onset, using validated questionnaires. METHODS: RECoVERED, a prospective cohort study in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, enrolled both hospitalized and community-dwelling adult participants diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 1, 3, 6 and 12 months following illness onset...

OBJECTIVE: Long COVID has been associated with psychological symptoms, yet it is unknown if the symptom burden of individuals with current and previous long COVID differ. This pre-registered cross-sectional study assessed stress, anxiety, and depression severity among individuals with no history, previous history, or current long COVID symptoms. METHODS: Adults (N = 2872) in the United States participated in an online survey detailing experiences related to the COVID-19 pandemic...

OBJECTIVE: While numerous studies have highlighted an increased prevalence of depression in individuals with narcolepsy, their conclusions are often clouded by potential confounding factors, leaving the causal relationship uncertain. This study posits that narcolepsy might heighten the risk of depression and employs a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate this hypothesis. METHODS: Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies databases and performed a two-sample MR analysis...

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is increasingly used to manage Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBIs). This systematic review aimed to review the evidence for the effectiveness of CBT-based interventions for patients with gastroduodenal DGBIs. METHODS: Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Scopus were searched in July 2022. Studies were included if they investigated the effects of a CBT-based intervention on gastrointestinal symptoms and/or psychological outcomes pre- and post-intervention in patients with gastroduodenal DGBIs...

OBJECTIVE: Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience psychoneurological symptoms (PNS, i.e., depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, pain, and cognitive dysfunction) during intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) that negatively impact their functional status, quality of life, and overall survival. The underlying mechanisms for PNS are still not fully understood. This study aimed to examine differentially expressed genes and pathways related to PNS for patients undergoing IMRT (i...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the health-related quality of life scores among rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and spondyloarthritis and to evaluate socio-demographic and clinical determinantes of quality of life across diseases. METHODS: The sample comprised 490 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 198 with psoriatic arthritis, and 119 with spondyloarthritis who completed a series of health examinations and self-reported questionnaires. Quality of life was evaluated using the Short-Form 36 Health Survey, disease activity by DAS28-CRP, DAPSA, and ASDAS-CRP (for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and spondyloarthritis, respectively), depression and anxiety using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale...

OBJECTIVE: Sleep disturbance is prevalent among adolescents but little is known about the short-term changes among Chinese adolescents. The study aimed to explore the prevalence and change patterns of sleep disturbance and identify its risk and protective factors. METHODS: Data were collected online from April 21st to May 12th, 2021 (Time 1, T1) and December 17th to 26th, 2021 (Time 2, T2). The final sample comprised 34,260 adolescents. Self-administrated questionnaires were used to assess socio-demographic variables, sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety, life events, family function, and resilience...