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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathryn G Dewey, Charles D Arnold, K Ryan Wessells, Christine P Stewart
BACKGROUND: Both small-quantity (SQ) and medium-quantity (MQ) lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) have been used for prevention of child undernutrition. A meta-analysis of 14 trials of SQ-LNS vs no LNS showed effects on length-for-age (LAZ, +0.14 (95% confidence interval 0.11, 0.16)) and weight-for-length (WLZ, +0.08 (0.06, 0.10)) z-scores, as well as prevalence ratios (95% CI) for stunting (LAZ<-2, 0.88 (0.85, 0.91)) and wasting (WLZ < -2, 0.86 (0.80, 0.93)). However, little is known about the effects of MQ-LNS on growth...
September 22, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David S Ludwig, Frank B Hu, Alice H Lichtenstein, Walter C Willett
Worldwide dietary guidelines in the late 20th century promoted a low-fat diet, based in part on the notion that dietary fat, the most energy dense macronutrient, causes excess weight gain. However, high-quality evidence accumulating since then refute a direct association between dietary fat and adiposity. Moreover, substitution of carbohydrates for unsaturated fat can increase insulin resistence and cardiometabolic disease, especially among populations with highly prevalent insulin resistance. In this context, the recent World Health Organization conditional recommendation to carry forward the guidance to limit dietary fat to <30% seems ill-advised and should be reconsidered...
September 22, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Molly K Parker, Sarah A Misyak, Julia M Gohlke, Valisa E Hedrick
BACKGROUND: Dietary choices are an important avenue for improving food system sustainability. The Planetary Health Diet was proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission as a reference healthy and sustainable dietary pattern. OBJECTIVE: To assess adherence to the Planetary Health Diet among U.S. adults, this study developed and evaluated the Planetary Health Diet Index for the United States (PHDI-US), adapted from the original PHDI validated in the Brazilian population...
September 22, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra L MacMillan Uribe, Margaret Demment, Meredith L Graham, Jacob Szeszulski, Chad D Rethorst, Phrashiah Githinji, Miriam E Nelson, David Strogatz, Sara C Folta, Regan L Bailey, Jaimie N Davis, Rebecca A Seguin-Fowler
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence has disproportionately risen among midlife and older female adults of rural communities, partly due to poor diet and diet-related behaviors and psychosocial factors that impede healthy eating. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of Strong Hearts Healthy Communities 2.0 (SHHC-2.0) on secondary diet-related outcomes between intervention and control participants that align with the dietary goal and behavioral aims of the SHHC-2...
September 15, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#5
Aya Kigel, Sharon Vanetik, Laurence Mangel, Gal Friedman, Chen Nozik, Camilla Terracina, David Taussig, Yael Dror, Hadar Samra, Dror Mandel, Ronit Lubetzky, Yariv Wine
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 14, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilana R Cliffer, Ourohiré Millogo, Yllassa Barry, Idrissa Kouanda, Guillaume Compaore, Dongqing Wang, Ali Sie, Wafaie Fawzi
BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency anemia is a leading cause of morbidity among adolescents (aged 10-19 years), especially in low- and middle-income settings. Few policies and programs have targeted adolescent health. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effectiveness of school-based supplementation with iron-folic acid (IFA) or multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) in addressing anemia among adolescents in Burkina Faso. METHODS: In this cluster-randomized trial, 3,123 secondary school students aged 10-18 years in Burkina Faso were either supplemented with weekly IFA, daily MMS, or received standard nutrition education as controls...
September 14, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#7
LETTER
Deborah D Kennedy
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 11, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josephine M Dudzik, Katelyn E Senkus, Alison B Evert, Hollie A Raynor, Mary R Rozga, Deepa Handu, Lisa M Moloney
BACKGROUND: A total of 374 million adults worldwide are living with prediabetes, 70% of whom will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in their lifetime. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) provided by a dietitian, such as that found in lifestyle interventions, has the potential to improve glycemic control and prevent progression to T2DM. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of MNT provided by a dietitian, compared with standard care, on glycemic, cardiometabolic, and anthropometric outcomes in adults with prediabetes...
September 9, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dietary greenhouse gas emissions and diet quality in a cross-sectional study of Swedish adolescents.
Anna Karin Lindroos, Elinor Hallström, Lotta Moraeus, Anna Strid, Anna Winkvist
BACKGROUND: Interventions to improve dietary intake and reduce dietary greenhouse gas emissions (dGHGE) are urgently needed. Adolescence presents a unique time in life to promote sustainable diets. Detailed dietary data are needed to inform public health strategies aiming at improving adolescents' diet quality and reducing dGHGE. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe dGHGE in Swedish adolescents' diets by socio-demographic characteristics, evaluate how food groups contribute to dGHGE and examine dGHGE in relation to diet quality...
September 5, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexis C Wood, Goncalo Graca, Meghana Gadgil, Mackenzie K Senn, Matthew A Allison, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Philip Greenland, Timothy Ebbels, Paul Elliott, Mark O Goodarzi, Russell Tracy, Jerome I Rotter, David Herrington
BACKGROUND: Whether red meat consumption is associated with higher inflammation, or confounded by increased adiposity, remains unclear. Plasma metabolites both capture the effects of diet after food is processed, digested, and absorbed, and correlate with markers of inflammation, so can help clarify diet-health relationships. OBJECTIVE: To identify whether any metabolites associated with red meat intake are also associated with inflammation. DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis of observational data from older adults (52...
September 1, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristine K Dennis, Fenglei Wang, Yanping Li, JoAnn E Manson, Eric B Rimm, Frank B Hu, Walter C Willett, Meir J Stampfer, Dong D Wang
BACKGROUND: Higher intake of total sugar has been linked with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, but the role of individual sugars, particularly fructose, is uncertain. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the associations of individual dietary sugars with CHD risk. METHODS: In prospective cohort studies, we followed 76,815 females (Nurses' Health Study, 1980-2020), and 38,878 males (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1986-2016)...
August 31, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter P J Jackson, Anisha Wijeyesekera, Claire M Williams, Stephan Theis, Jessica van Harsselaar, Robert A Rastall
BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in the bi-directional relationship existing between the gut and brain and the effects of both oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose to alter microbial composition and mood state. Yet, much remains unknown about the ability of oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose to improve mood state via targeted manipulation of the gut microbiota. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare the effects of oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose alone and in combination against maltodextrin (comparator) on microbial composition and mood state in a working population...
August 30, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonas Holm, Farkas Vanky, Rolf Svedjeholm
BACKGROUND: Glutamate is reported to enhance recovery of oxidative metabolism and contractile function of the heart after ischemia. The effect appears to be blunted in diabetic hearts. Elevated plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) reflects myocardial dysfunction. In the GLUTAmate for Metabolic Intervention in Coronary Surgery (GLUTAMICS) II trial the proportion of patients with diabetes had almost doubled to 47% compared to the cohort used for sample size estimation, and a significant effect on postoperative NT-proBNP rise was only observed in patients without diabetes...
August 30, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#14
REVIEW
Sian Robinson, Antoneta Granic, Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft, Avan A Sayer
Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle disorder, characterised by a loss of muscle mass and impaired muscle function, that is associated with poorer health outcomes. While nutrition is considered an important factor in the aetiology of sarcopenia, the preventive potential of diet - specifically the extent to which differences in habitual patterns of diet and/or nutrient intakes impact on the risk of its development - is poorly understood. This narrative review considered research evidence on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in mid- (<60 years) and young-older (60-70 years) adulthood, to evaluate how they relate to age-related changes in muscle mass and function...
August 30, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Georgios Marakis, Sotiria Kotopoulou, Charalampos Proestos, Stavroula Skoulika, Georgios Boukouvalas, Andreas Papaioannou, Zoe Mousia, Dimitra Papadimitriou, Eleni-Maria Katri, Androniki Naska, Michail Chourdakis, Antonis Zampelas, Emmanuella Magriplis
BACKGROUND: In Greece, nearly a third of savoury baked goods (SBGs) exceeded the limit of 2g of non-ruminant or industrial trans fatty acids (i-TFA) per 100g fat in 2015. The impact of the Commission Regulation (European Union (EU)) 2019/649 on exposure to trans fatty acids (TFA), i-TFA and saturated fatty acid (SFA) from SBGs has not been previously evaluated. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore fatty acid reformulation of SBG products and assess differences in TFA, i-TFA and SFA intakes using a sample of Greek SBG consumers from a nationally representative survey...
August 26, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Huang, Jie V Zhao
BACKGROUND: Alanine is an amino acid commonly used as a nutritional supplement and plays a key role in the glucose-alanine cycle. Plasma alanine has been associated in observational studies with a higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and unhealthier lipid profiles. However, evidence from large randomized controlled trials is lacking. OBJECTIVE: Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we assessed the unconfounded associations of plasma alanine with CAD and CAD risk factors...
August 26, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emmanouil Bouras, Andre E Kim, Yi Lin, John Morrison, Mengmeng Du, Demetrius Albanes, Elizabeth L Barry, James W Baurley, Sonja I Berndt, Stephanie A Bien, Timothy D Bishop, Hermann Brenner, Arif Budiarto, Andrea Burnett-Hartman, Peter T Campbell, Robert Carreras-Torres, Graham Casey, Tjeng Wawan Cenggoro, Andrew T Chan, Jenny Chang-Claude, David V Conti, Michelle Cotterchio, Matthew Devall, Virginia Diez-Obrero, Niki Dimou, David A Drew, Jane C Figueiredo, Graham G Giles, Stephen B Gruber, Marc J Gunter, Tabitha A Harrison, Akihisa Hidaka, Michael Hoffmeister, Jeroen R Huyghe, Amit D Joshi, Eric S Kawaguchi, Temitope O Keku, Anshul Kundaje, Loic Le Marchand, Juan Pablo Lewinger, Li Li, Brigid M Lynch, Bharuno Mahesworo, Satu Männistö, Victor Moreno, Neil Murphy, Polly A Newcomb, Mireia Obón-Santacana, Jennifer Ose, Julie R Palmer, Nikos Papadimitriou, Bens Pardamean, Andrew J Pellatt, Anita R Peoples, Elizabeth A Platz, John D Potter, Lihong Qi, Conghui Qu, Gad Rennert, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Lori C Sakoda, Stephanie L Schmit, Anna Shcherbina, Mariana C Stern, Yu-Ru Su, Catherine M Tangen, Duncan C Thomas, Yu Tian, Caroline Y Um, Franzel Jb van Duijnhoven, Bethany Van Guelpen, Kala Visvanathan, Jun Wang, Emily White, Alicja Wolk, Michael O Woods, Cornelia M Ulrich, Li Hsu, W James Gauderman, Ulrike Peters, Konstantinos K Tsilidis
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that higher folate intake is associated with a decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk; however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not fully understood. Genetic variation that may have a direct or indirect impact on folate metabolism can provide insights into folate's role in CRC. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to perform a genome-wide interaction analysis to identify genetic variants that may modify the association of folate on CRC risk...
August 26, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Austin T Robinson, Braxton A Linder, Alex M Barnett, Soolim Jeong, Sofia O Sanchez, Olivia I Nichols, Mason C McIntosh, Zach J Hutchison, McKenna A Tharpe, Joseph C Watso, Orlando M Gutiérrez, Thomas E Fuller-Rowell
BACKGROUND: Inadequate hydration is associated with cardiovascular and kidney disease morbidity and all-cause mortality. Compared with White individuals, Black individuals exhibit a higher prevalence of inadequate hydration, which may contribute to racial health disparities. However, the underlying reasons for these differences in hydration remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether neighborhood deprivation contributes to racial differences in hydration status...
August 22, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Tang, Xuan Wang, Xiang Li, Hao Ma, Zhaoxia Liang, Yoriko Heianza, Lu Qi
BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association recently updated Life's essential 8 (LE8) score. This amalgamation of health factors, recognized for their individual associations with chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk, provides a robust tool to assess overall cardiovascular health (CVH), which could potentially be extrapolated to predict CKD risk. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between levels of CVH, as measured by the LE8 score, and the risk of CKD in the UK Biobank...
August 19, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikita Misella Hansen, Anne-Lise Kamper, Marianne Rix, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, Jens Leipziger, Mads Vaarby Sørensen, Peder Berg, Arne Astrup, Louise Salomo
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to an accumulation of waste products and causes adverse cardiometabolic effects. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the health effects of the New Nordic Renal Diet (NNRD), a novel meal pattern reduced in phosphorus, protein, and sodium. METHODS: A 26-week randomized trial compared the NNRD with a habitual diet. The NNRD group received weekly home deliveries of food and recipes. Monthly study visits included fasting blood samples, 24h urine samples, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements...
August 18, 2023: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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