British Journal of Radiology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationships between HbA1c levels with exocrine pancreatic function using cine-dynamic magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and the pancreatic parenchyma using fat-suppressed T1 mapping and the proton density fat fraction (PDFF). METHODS: Patients who underwent 3T-MRI and HbA1c measurement were retrospectively recruited. MRI included cine-dynamic MRCP with a spatially selective inversion-recovery (SS-IR) pulse, fat-suppressed Look-Locker T1 mapping and multi echo 3D Dixon based PDFF mapping...

OBJECTIVE: To identify the feasibility and efficiency of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) in the detection of ankle fractures and to explore ensemble strategies that applied multiple projections of radiographs.Ankle radiographs (AXRs) are the primary tool used to diagnose ankle fractures. Applying DCNN algorithms on AXRs can potentially improve the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of detecting ankle fractures. METHODS: A DCNN was trained using a trauma image registry, including 3102 AXRs...

A systematic approach by the radiologist to analysis of imaging and other clinical data in the fetus with absent septal leaflets suspected on ultrasound will improve diagnostic efficiency, accuracy, and pre-natal counselling.

OBJECTIVE: To assess if posterior oblique ligament and distal semi-membranosus tendon tears are associated with posterior horn medial meniscus tears on MRI. METHODS: From January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019, 56 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Of the 56 patients, 43 patients who had a posterior horn of medial meniscus tear were included in the study group. A control group of 13 individuals was formed for comparison. Two radiologists reviewed the MR images and recorded the presence and grades of posterior oblique ligament and distal semi-membranosus tendon tears...

OBJECTIVES: Bladder cancer is among the most prevalent urothelial malignancies. Radiomics-based preoperative prediction of Ki67 and histological grade will facilitate clinical decision-making. METHODS: This retrospective study recruited 283 bladder cancer patients between 2012 and 2021. Multiparameter MRI sequences included: T1WI, T2WI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging. The radiomics features of intratumoral and peritumoral regions were extracted simultaneously...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the predictive value of preoperative gadoxetic acid (GA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and postoperative histopathological grading for early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without microvascular invasion (MVI) after curative hepatectomy. METHODS: A total of 85 MVI-negative HCC cases were retrospectively analyzed. Cox analyses were used to identify the independent predictors of early recurrence (within a 24 months span)...

Complete pathological response to neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NAST) in some subtypes of breast cancer (BC) has been used as a surrogate of long-term outcome. The possibility of predicting BC pathological response to NAST based on the baseline 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET), without the need of an interim study, is a focus of recent discussion. This review summarises the characteristics and results of the available studies regarding the potential impact of heterogeneity features of the primary tumour burden on baseline FDG PET in predicting pathological response to NAST in BC patients...

Bone and soft tissue sarcomas are a group of rare malignant tumours with major histological and anatomical varieties. In a metastatic setting, sarcomas have a poor prognosis due to limited response rates to chemotherapy. Radioligand therapy targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) may offer a new perspective. PSMA is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein which is present in all prostatic tissue and overexpressed in prostate cancer. Despite the name, PSMA is not prostate-specific. PSMA expression is also found in a multitude of non-prostatic diseases including a subgroup of sarcomas, mostly in its neovascular endothelial cells...

OBJECTIVES: A dose deposition matrix (DDM) prediction method using several voxel features and a machine learning (ML) approach is proposed for plan optimization in radiation therapy. METHODS: Head and lung cases with the inhomogeneous medium are used as training and testing data. The prediction model is a cascade forward backprop neural network where the input is the features of the voxel, including 1) voxel to body surface distance along the beamlet axis, 2) voxel to beamlet axis distance, 3) voxel density, 4) heterogeneity corrected voxel to body surface distance, 5) heterogeneity corrected voxel to beamlet axis, and (6) the dose of voxel obtained from the pencil beam (PB) algorithm...

Macropattern analysis of traumatic brachial plexopathy (TBP) by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) encompasses localization of injured segments and determination of the severity of injury. The micropattern analysis implies the correlation of the MRI features of TBP with Sunderland's grading of the nerve injury, thereby guiding the management protocol. This review article presents a simplified novel pentavalent approach for the radiological anatomy of brachial plexus, MRI acquisition protocol for the evaluation of brachial plexus, cardinal imaging signs of TBP, and their correlation with Sunderland's microanatomical grading...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical results and prognostic factors in a cohort of patient with oligometastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma treated with Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (SRT). METHODS: This retrospective study included patients affected by 1 to 3 metastases treated with SRT from 2013 to 2021. Local control (LC), overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), time to polymetastatic dissemination (TTPD) and time to systemic therapy change/initiation (TTS) were evaluated...

OBJECTIVES: Oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) or tissue oxygen-level dependent (TOLD) MRI is an imaging technique under investigation for its ability to quantify and map oxygen distributions within tumours. The aim of this study was to identify and characterise the research into OE-MRI for characterising hypoxia in solid tumours. METHODS: A scoping review of published literature was performed on the PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles published before 27th May 2022...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the detection of brain microstructural changes in patients with Crigler-Najjar Syndrome type-I (CNs-I), and its correlation with demographic, neurodevelopmental and laboratory findings. METHODS: Prospective study was conducted on 25 children with CNs-I and 25 age and sex-matched children, who served as control. They underwent multivoxel 1H-MRS of basal ganglion at TE 135-144 ms...

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OBJECTIVES: The study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of radiology fellows in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) alone versus DBT plus synthesized view (SV) for an understanding of the adequacy of DBT images to identify cancer lesions. METHODS: 55 observers (30 radiologists and 25 radiology trainees) participated in reading a set of 35 cases (15 cancer) with 28 readers reading DBT and 27 readers reading DBT plus SV. Two groups of readers had similar experience in interpreting mammograms...

OBJECTIVES: Radiomic analysis of contrast enhanced mammographic (CEM) images is an emerging field. The aims of this study were to build classification models to distinguish benign and malignant lesions using a multi vendor dataset and compare segmentation techniques. METHODS: CEM images were acquired using Hologic and GE equipment. Textural features were extracted using MaZda analysis software. Lesions were segmented with freehand region of interest (ROI) and ellipsoid_ROI...

OBJECTIVE: To describe instances of iodine, or other element with similar K-edge to iodine, accumulating in benign renal cysts and simulating solid renal masses (SRM) at single-phase contrast-enhanced (CE) dual-energy CT (DECT). METHODS: During the course of routine clinical practice, instances of benign renal cysts (reference standard true non-contrast enhanced CT [NCCT] homogeneous attenuation <10 HU and not enhancing, or MRI) simulating SRM at follow-up single-phase CE-DECT due to iodine (or other element) accumulation were documented in two institutions over a 3 month observation period in 2021...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MRI parameters to predict adverse maternal peripartum outcomes in pregnant females at high-risk for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This retrospective study evaluated sixty pregnant females who underwent MRI for placental assessment. MRI studies were reviewed by a radiologist blinded to all clinical data. MRI parameters were compared with five maternal outcomes: severe bleeding, cesarean hysterectomy, prolonged operation time, need for blood transfusion and need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission...

OBJECTIVES: Many studies have conflicting findings in using shear wave elastography (SWE) to assess renal fibrosis. This study reviews the use of SWE to evaluate pathological changes in native kidneys and renal allografts. It also tries to elucidate the confounding factors and care taken to ensure the results are consistent and reliable. METHODS: The review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines...

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate clinical outcomes in transarterialembolisation (TAE) for acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) and determine risk factors for 30 day reintervention for rebleeding and mortality. METHODS: TAE cases were retrospectively reviewed between March 2010-September 2020 at our tertiary centre. Technical success (angiographic haemostasis following embolisation) was measured. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors for clinical success (absence of 30 day reintervention or mortality) following embolisation for active GIB or empirical embolisation for suspected bleeding...