journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37632706/moral-reasoning-behind-the-veil-of-ignorance-an-investigation-into-perspective-taking-accessibility-in-the-context-of-autonomous-vehicles
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giovanni Bruno, Andrea Spoto, Michela Sarlo, Lorella Lotto, Alex Marson, Nicola Cellini, Simone Cutini
Perspective-taking (PT) accessibility has been recognized as an important factor in affecting moral reasoning, also playing a non-trivial role in moral investigation towards autonomous vehicles (AVs). A new proposal to deepen this effect leverages the principles of the veil of ignorance (VOI), as a moral reasoning device aimed to control self-interested decisions by limiting the access to specific perspectives and to potentially biased information. Throughout two studies, we deepen the role of VOI reasoning in the moral perception of AVs, disclosing personal and contingent information progressively throughout the experiment...
August 26, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37632426/the-moderating-roles-of-resilience-and-social-support-in-the-relationships-between-bullying-victimization-and-well-being-among-chinese-adolescents-evidence-from-pisa-2018
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Zhang, Hao Li, Gaowei Chen, Bo Li, Na Li, Xin Zhou
Bullying victimization can undermine adolescents' well-being. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated the contributions of various victimization forms to well-being and compared which forms were more harmful than others. Evidence on whether resilience and social support moderate such associations is also limited. Using a sample of 12,058 Chinese adolescents in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018, this cross-sectional study aimed to (1) investigate the associations of physical, verbal and relational victimization with well-being; (2) compare the strengths of these associations; and (3) examine the moderating roles of resilience and teacher and parent support in these associations...
August 26, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37623746/life-motion-signals-bias-the-perception-of-apparent-motion-direction
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiping Ge, Yiwen Yu, Suqi Huang, Xinyi Huang, Li Wang, Yi Jiang
Walking direction conveyed by biological motion (BM) cues, which humans are highly sensitive to since birth, can elicit involuntary shifts of attention to enhance the detection of static targets. Here, we demonstrated that such intrinsic sensitivity to walking direction could also modulate the direction perception of simultaneously presented dynamic stimuli. We showed that the perceived direction of apparent motion was biased towards the walking direction even though observers had been informed in advance that the walking direction of BM did not predict the apparent motion direction...
August 25, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37602833/a-test-of-the-morality-agency-communion-mac-model-of-respect-and-liking-across-positive-and-negative-traits
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Prestwich
The Morality-Agency-Communion (MAC) model of respect and liking suggests that traits linked with morality are important for respect and liking; traits related to competence or assertiveness are important for respect and traits related to warmth are important for liking. However, tests of this model have tended not to consider traits related to immorality, incompetence, lack of assertiveness or coldness. This study addressed this issue by utilizing a within-subjects design in which participants were required to rate their respect and liking for individuals with specific trait types across four categories (moral; competence; assertiveness; and warmth) at three levels (positive, negative and neutral)...
August 21, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37453042/attentional-asymmetries-in-peripheral-vision
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefanie Klatt, Benjamin Noël, Robin Schrödter
Previous research on the use of peripheral vision to identify two spatially separated stimuli simultaneously has led to the conclusion that the focus of attention has the form of a symmetric ellipse with a broader expansion along the horizontal compared to the vertical meridian. However, research on pseudoneglect has indicated that attention is not symmetrically distributed to the whole visual field. Here, we test if the attention window is indeed symmetrical with regard to its shape and resolution during peripheral vision...
July 15, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37401616/comparison-of-face-based-and-voice-based-first-impressions-in-a-chinese-sample
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhongqing Jiang, Dong Li, Zhao Li, Yi Yang, Yangtao Liu, Xin Yue, Qi Wu, Hong Yang, Xiaolin Cui, Peng Xue
People often form first impressions of others based on face and/or voice cues. This study aimed to compare the first impressions formed under these two cues. First, we compared free descriptions based on face and voice cues and found differences in the content and frequency of the personality words. We then compiled three wordlists used for face-based and voice-based first impression evaluations separately or simultaneously. Second, using these wordlists, we compared face-based and voice-based first impression ratings and found that both had significant intra-rater and inter-rater reliability...
July 4, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37351801/effects-of-relative-deprivation-on-change-in-displaced-aggression-and-the-underlying-motivation-mechanism-a-three-wave-cross-lagged-analysis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongfen Guo, Rui Li, Ling-Xiang Xia
Displaced aggression refers to pernicious acts against innocent people. To date, little is known about mechanisms underlying dynamic changes in displaced aggression. The present study constructed a cross-lagged model to examine the dynamic effects of relative deprivation on displaced aggression and the mediation mechanisms underlying these effects. A total of 1130 undergraduate students participated in this three-wave longitudinal study. The results showed that relative deprivation predicted changes in displaced aggression through concurrent changes in levels of hostile attribution bias and moral disengagement...
June 23, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37350569/longitudinal-relations-among-perceived-parental-warmth-self-esteem-and-social-behaviours-from-middle-childhood-to-early-adolescence-in-china-disentangling-between-and-within-person-associations
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xianqi Wang, E Scott Huebner, Lili Tian
Although several studies have addressed the relations between perceived parental warmth and social behaviours, few have distinguished their between- and within-person effects or explored their within-person mediating mechanisms. This study examined the transactional relations among perceived parental warmth (i.e. maternal warmth and paternal warmth), children's self-esteem and children's positive/negative social behaviours (i.e. prosocial behaviour and delinquent behaviour) along with the mediating role of self-esteem after disentangling between- and within-person effects...
June 23, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37334858/editorial-introducing-the-british-psychological-society-journal-s-landmark-special-issue-on-inequality
#29
EDITORIAL
Katherine Berry
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 19, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37309918/too-hot-to-help-or-too-cold-to-care-on-the-links-between-ambient-temperature-volunteerism-and-civic-engagement
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Henry Kin Shing Ng, Sing-Hang Cheung
We investigated the relationship between ambient temperature and prosocial behaviour in real-life settings. It was guided by two mechanisms of opposite predictions, namely (1) higher temperatures decrease prosociality by harming well-being, and (2) higher temperatures increase prosociality by promoting the embodied cognition of social warmth. In Study 1, U.S. state-level time-series data (2002-2015) supported the first mechanism, with higher temperatures predicting lower volunteer rates through lower well-being...
June 13, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37293710/gender-differences-in-optimism-loss-aversion-and-attitudes-towards-risk
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chris Dawson
Systematic differences in the attitudes of men and women towards risk is well established. In this paper, we investigate the joint role of two prominent psychological characteristics in explaining this difference. Our starting point is that risk assessments can be thought of, in general terms, to combine beliefs about the probability of negative outcomes occurring with a subjective valuation of how painful that negative outcome would be. Exploiting large-scale panel data from the United Kingdom, we find that gender differences in financial optimism and financial loss aversion - the stronger psychological response to monetary losses than monetary gains - explain a substantial proportion of the parallel gender difference in willingness to take risks...
June 9, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37246968/increase-in-physiological-inhibitory-control-results-in-better-suppression-of-unwanted-memories
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Turan Gunduz, Hasan Gunduz, Hakan Cetinkaya
Forgetting or suppressing a memory with unwanted content is just as important as remembering a desirable one. In addition to emphasizing the role of inhibitory control in memory suppression processes, neuropsychological studies have indicated that an intentional inhibition targeting a brain area may exert its inhibitory effects in seemingly unrelated areas through a common inhibitory network. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the suppression of unwanted memories can be strengthened by recruiting an inhibitory task that can be simultaneously performed with a memory suppression task...
May 29, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37171875/preparing-children-to-cope-with-earthquakes-building-emotional-competence
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Raccanello, Giada Vicentini, Emmanuela Rocca, Rob Hall, Roberto Burro
Natural disasters, including earthquakes, can have a traumatic impact on children's psychological wellbeing and development. The efficacy of interventions aimed at enhancing children's socio-emotional learning has been documented in the literature. At the same time, these techniques are the key for training children for possible future disasters by enhancing their knowledge about behavioural preparedness and emotional competence. However, research on evidence-based training programs on earthquakes combining digital and traditional activities is scarce...
May 12, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37232194/impact-of-similarity-on-recognition-of-faces-of-black-and-white-targets
#34
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37232193/more-elaborate-processing-of-own-race-faces-and-less-elaborate-processing-of-other-race-faces-contribute-to-the-other-race-effect-in-face-memory
#35
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36762466/food-word-processing-in-chinese-reading-a-study-of-restrained-eaters
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changlin Luo, Mengyan Zhu, Xiangling Zhuang, Guojie Ma
Food-related attentional bias refers that individuals typically prioritize rewarding food-related cues (e.g. food words and food images) compared with non-food stimuli; however, the findings are inconsistent for restrained eaters. Traditional paradigms used to test food-related attentional bias, such as visual probe tasks and visual search tasks, may not directly and accurately enough to reflect individuals' food-word processing at different cognitive stages. In this study, we introduced the boundary paradigm to investigate food-word attentional bias for both restrained and unrestrained eaters...
May 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37115500/the-meaning-of-masculinity-for-educated-young-bedouins
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nuzha Allassad Alhuzail
Israel's Bedouin population-an Indigenous, traditional, collective, patriarchal society-is at the height of social change, introducing modernization, religion and altered gender relations. Young Bedouin men are experiencing the ramifications of their masculine identity. As in other collective societies that emphasize mutual dependence and cooperation, honour has great meaning and unlike individualistic societies, maintaining masculine and family honour is important in the construction of masculinity. These cultural differences may influence young men's views of honour, particularly family honour, which is a key principle in collective cultures...
April 28, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37093063/collaboration-to-improve-cross-race-face-identification-wisdom-of-the-multi-racial-crowd
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacqueline G Cavazos, Géraldine Jeckeln, Alice J O'Toole
Face identification is particularly prone to error when individuals identify people of a race other than their own - a phenomenon known as the other-race effect (ORE). Here, we show that collaborative "wisdom-of-crowds" decision-making substantially improves face identification accuracy for own- and other-race faces over individuals working alone. In two online experiments, East Asian and White individuals recognized own- and other-race faces as individuals and as part of a collaborative dyad. Collaboration never proved more beneficial in a social setting than when individual identification decisions were combined computationally...
April 24, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37070349/associations-between-sleep-variables-and-ostensibly-paranormal-experiences-and-paranormal-beliefs-a-scoping-review
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Betul Rauf, Rotem Perach, Juan J Madrid-Valero, Dan Denis, Brian A Sharpless, Hope Farron, Christopher C French, Alice M Gregory
Night-time is a period of great significance for many people who report paranormal experiences. However, there is limited understanding of the associations between sleep variables and seemingly paranormal experiences and/or beliefs. The aim of this review is to improve our understanding of these associations while unifying a currently fragmented literature-base into a structured, practical review. In this pre-registered scoping review, we searched for relevant studies in MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO (EBSCO), Web of Science and EMBASE using terms related to sleep and ostensibly paranormal experiences and beliefs...
April 18, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37067522/evaluating-the-integration-hypothesis-a-meta-analysis-of-the-icsey-project-data-using-two-new-methods
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hisham M Abu-Rayya, John W Berry, David L Sam, Dmitry Grigoryev
The Integration Hypothesis states that acculturating migrants who adopt the integration strategy (i.e. being doubly engaged, in both their heritage culture and in the larger national society) will have better psychological and socio-cultural adaptation than those who adopt any other strategy (Assimilation, Separation or Marginalization). This hypothesis was supported in the original evaluation of the ICSEY project data, using the mean adaptation scores for individuals in the four acculturation clusters. This conclusion was further supported by an analysis that used scores that were derived from the two underlying dimensions...
April 17, 2023: British Journal of Psychology
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