Clinical Pediatrics

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This study purpose was to test the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Triandis Model of Interpersonal Behavior (TMIB) in predicting COVID-19 vaccine uptake among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Data from an anonymous online survey were collected. Clusters of risk perceptions of infection were identified using Latent Class Analysis, and predictive values of TMIB and HBM factors were evaluated using logistic regression models. Response rate was 30% (468 participants). There was a combined significant effect of TMIB model components (habitual health behavior, intention, and facilitation conditions) on having received ≥1 dose of COVID-19 vaccine...

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Functional constipation (FC) comprises 30% of pediatric gastroenterology clinic visits. FC results from withholding behaviors that can be worsened by poor toileting posture. The use of a defecation posture modification device (DPMD)-a potty stool-has demonstrated benefit in adults. The aim of this study was to assess the risks and benefits of incorporating a DPMD as an adjunct to the FC treatment plan for children. Toilet-trained children aged ≥4 years meeting the Rome IV criteria for FC were enrolled and offered a DPMD at no cost and were followed for 4 months...

Asthma, when untreated, may lead to serious implications, especially in the pediatric population. Understanding the perceptions and needs of children and their caregivers may optimize asthma management. This study was aimed to analyze the perceptions of children and their caregivers regarding asthma and its pharmacotherapy. This is a qualitative study using 2 focus groups. We use the Bardin's content analysis. Three researchers made data cross-validation. As for results, the first focus group comprised 7 children who had uncontrolled asthma...

COVID-19 highlighted the importance of schools for child health, as emerging data suggest that pandemic-related school closures may have led to worsening child health and exacerbated health disparities. This study examines school-aged children's well-being, and characterizes changes in school-related needs, from 2021 to 2022. This is a secondary analysis of a longitudinal cohort study, where a nationally representative sample of parents of school-aged children were surveyed in June 2021 and 2022. The percentage of children with deficits in total difficulties, hyperactivity, and prosocial behavior decreased at follow-up, while a high percentage of children continued to experience peer problems...

More than 90% suspected muscular dystrophy (MD) can be confirmed with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) combined with targeted panel, although there are a few that cannot be identified. A total of 312 suspected MD patients were enrolled into the study. The MLPA combined with a targeted myopathy panel were performed. Patients with negative results were subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES), whole genome sequencing (WGS), and/or RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). A total of 275 cases were diagnosed as Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) and 20 cases were other types of myopathy or nonmuscular diseases...

Primary care providers (PCPs) report insufficient capacity for child and youth mental health care (CYMH). The telementoring program Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) can build capacity, but 75- to 120-minute sessions are a participation barrier. Using a Lean health care paradigm, we designed a 60-minute session, and compared self-reported CYMH capacity strengthening (10 constructs) and satisfaction between 60- and 90-minute sessions. Pre-post (n = 139) and post-cycle (n = 146) survey data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed-effects logistic regression...

Our study utilized Rasch Analysis to examine the psychometric properties of 61-items fine motor function measure (FMFM) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Partial credit model (PCM) was utilized to test the reliability and validity of FMFM. The response pattern of this samples displayed acceptable fitness to PCM. The analysis results supported the assumption of 1-dimensionality of FMFM. Disordered category thresholds were found in 30 items. Differential item functioning (DIF) was detected in 23 items. Participants with different CP subtypes in different age groups may perform in differently responses patterns...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the effectiveness of combining oral polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution with hypertonic sugar saline enema for colonoscopy preparation in autistic children. METHODS: Clinical data of 58 children with autism who underwent fecal bacteria transplantation and transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) catheterization at the hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Participants were allocated into 2 groups: a control group (26 children) and an observation group (32 children), differentiated by their intestinal preparation protocols...

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The medical profession is currently undergoing a significant transformation. In recent decades, we have seen the emergence and implementation of new diagnostic tools, therapeutic targets, and technical procedures that have revolutionized our clinical practice. These resources have undoubtedly improved patient outcomes but have also led to excessive reliance on technology. This overreliance can limit the new generation's capacity to provide humane and comprehensive patient care and develop critical thinking skills...

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Primary care pediatrics is an important element of pediatric training at all levels, yet trainees often lack clinical competence in this area. This scoping review sought to identify the current research available related to pediatric primary care education for medical students and residents and gaps/areas for improvement. Searches were completed on PubMed MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and MedEdPORTAL using the search terms "pediatrics," "education," "curricula," and "primary care." An initial total of 6499 articles was screened down to 102 articles for the final full text review and extraction...

The aim of the study was to investigate independent and joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with psychological distress. In this cross-sectional study, all participants underwent a physical examination and questionnaire survey, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, and psychological distress. The rank-sum test was used to compare the distribution of psychological distress status among students with different characteristics, physical activity levels, and sedentary time...

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological condition that affects musculoskeletal system causing altered balance control, which is governed by constant adjustments by muscular activity and joint positioning. Since the foot is the platform upon which we stand and balance, it is important to study and characterize foot posture abnormalities in CP to better understand their possible effect on multidirectional limits of stability (MDLS) in standing. Our aim was to find relation between foot posture and MDLS in diplegic children...

The aim of this study was to compare sequelae and acute kidney injury (AKI) occurrence among patients with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) after changing institutional guidelines replacing vancomycin with ampicillin for gram-positive coverage. This was a retrospective, single-center cohort analysis of patients from 2016-2020 (n = 73) with NEC at a surgical neonatal intensive care unit with a high community prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to assess associations...

Despite there being a wide variety of symptoms reported in pediatric long COVID, one condition that has become increasingly recognized is orthostatic intolerance (OI), which can cause significant morbidity, limiting activities of daily living. This study examines rates of OI in 92 children with long COVID who underwent a bedside passive standing test in a pediatric post-COVID-19 rehabilitation clinic. Seventy-one percent met criteria for an orthostatic condition, including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), orthostatic tachycardia (OT), classic orthostatic hypotension (OH), delayed OH, and orthostatic hypertension...