journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37625116/chemical-ecology-and-management-of-dengue-vectors
#21
REVIEW
Baldwyn Torto, David P Tchouassi
Dengue, caused by the dengue virus, is the most widespread arboviral infectious disease of public health significance globally. This review explores the communicative function of olfactory cues that mediate host-seeking, egg-laying, plant-feeding, and mating behaviors in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus , two mosquito vectors that drive dengue virus transmission. Aedes aegypti has adapted to live in close association with humans, preferentially feeding on them and laying eggs in human-fabricated water containers and natural habitats...
August 25, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37616600/biology-ecology-and-management-of-the-potato-psyllid-bactericera-cockerelli-hemiptera-triozidae-and-zebra-chip-disease-in-potato
#22
REVIEW
Erik J Wenninger, Arash Rashed
The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), transmits the pathogen " Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum" (Lso), the putative causal agent of zebra chip disease (ZC). ZC is a disease of potato that reduces yield and quality and has disrupted integrated pest management programs in parts of the Americas and New Zealand. Advances in our understanding of the ecological factors that influence ZC epidemiology have been accelerated by the relatively recent identification of Lso and motivated by the steady increase in ZC distribution and the potential for devastating economic losses on a global scale...
August 24, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37585608/toward-an-integrated-understanding-of-the-lepidoptera-microbiome
#23
REVIEW
Yongqi Shao, Charles J Mason, Gary W Felton
Research over the past 30 years has led to a widespread acceptance that insects establish widespread and diverse associations with microorganisms. More recently, microbiome research has been accelerating in lepidopteran systems, leading to a greater understanding of both endosymbiont and gut microorganisms and how they contribute to integral aspects of the host. Lepidoptera are associated with a robust assemblage of microorganisms, some of which may be stable and routinely detected in larval and adult hosts, while others are ephemeral and transient...
August 16, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37585607/the-extraordinary-alkali-bee-nomia-melanderi-halictidae-the-world-s-only-intensively-managed-ground-nesting-bee
#24
REVIEW
James H Cane
Among the ground-nesting bees are several proven crop pollinators, but only the alkali bee ( Nomia melanderi ) has been successfully managed. In <80 years, it has become the world's most intensely studied ground-nesting solitary bee. In many ways, the bee seems paradoxical. It nests during the torrid, parched midsummer amid arid valleys and basins of the western United States, yet it wants damp soil. In these basins, extensive monocultures of an irrigated Eurasian crop plant, alfalfa (lucerne), subsidize millions of alkali bees...
August 16, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37562050/the-emergence-and-sustainability-of-urban-entomology
#25
REVIEW
Michael K Rust, Chow-Yang Lee, Gary W Bennett, William H Robinson
Urban entomology is the study of arthropod and other pests of the urban environment. It has gained worldwide recognition as a distinct discipline. Its origin is associated with Walter Ebeling's publication Urban Entomology in 1975. Urbanization, invasive pests, increased demand for pest management services, and changes in legislation collided in the 1970s to create a need for research and extension activities worldwide. This resulted in urban entomology as a discipline and, within two decades, its national and international recognition...
August 10, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37562049/pest-elaterids-of-north-america-new-insights-and-opportunities-for-management
#26
REVIEW
Arash Rashed, Willem G van Herk
The larval stages of click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) species, several of which are serious agricultural pests, are called wireworms. Their cryptic subterranean habitat, resilience, among-species differences in ecology and biology, and broad host range, as well as the lack of objective economic injury thresholds, have rendered wireworms a challenging pest complex to control. Significant progress has been made in recent years, introducing a new effective class of insecticides and improving species identification and our understanding of species-specific phenology, chemical ecology (i...
August 10, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37562048/the-evolutionary-importance-of-intraspecific-variation-in-sexual-communication-across-sensory-modalities
#27
REVIEW
Astrid T Groot, Thomas Blankers, Wouter Halfwerk, Emily Burdfield Steel
The evolution of sexual communication is critically important in the diversity of arthropods, which are declining at a fast pace worldwide. Their environments are rapidly changing, with increasing chemical, acoustic, and light pollution. To predict how arthropod species will respond to changing climates, habitats, and communities, we need to understand how sexual communication systems can evolve. In the past decades, intraspecific variation in sexual signals and responses across different modalities has been identified, but never in a comparative way...
August 10, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37562047/host-plant-effects-on-sexual-selection-dynamics-in-phytophagous-insects
#28
REVIEW
Benjamin J M Jarrett, Christine W Miller
Natural selection is notoriously dynamic in nature, and so, too, is sexual selection. The interactions between phytophagous insects and their host plants have provided valuable insights into the many ways in which ecological factors can influence sexual selection. In this review, we highlight recent discoveries and provide guidance for future work in this area. Importantly, host plants can affect both the agents of sexual selection (e.g., mate choice and male-male competition) and the traits under selection (e...
August 10, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36689304/diversity-form-and-postembryonic-development-of-paleozoic-insects
#29
REVIEW
Jakub Prokop, André Nel, Michael S Engel
While Mesozoic, Paleogene, and Neogene insect faunas greatly resemble the modern one, the Paleozoic fauna provides unique insights into key innovations in insect evolution, such as the origin of wings and modifications of postembryonic development including holometaboly. Deep-divergence estimates suggest that the majority of contemporary insect orders originated in the Late Paleozoic, but these estimates reflect divergences between stem groups of each lineage rather than the later appearance of the crown groups...
January 23, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36689303/the-mechanisms-of-silkworm-resistance-to-the-baculovirus-and-antiviral-breeding
#30
REVIEW
Zhaoyang Hu, Feifei Zhu, Keping Chen
Silkworm ( Bombyx mori ) is not only an economic insect but also a model organism for life science research. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) disease is a major infectious disease in the world's sericulture industry. The cocoon loss caused by this disease accounts for more than 60% of the total loss caused by all silkworm diseases. To date, there has been no effective solution for preventing and treating this disease. The most effective measure is to breed disease-resistant varieties. The quickest way to breed disease-resistant varieties is to apply genetic modification...
January 23, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36689302/introduction
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Myron P Zalucki
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 23, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36689301/arthropod-and-pathogen-damage-on-fossil-and-modern-plants-exploring-the-origins-and-evolution-of-herbivory-on-land
#32
REVIEW
Conrad C Labandeira, Torsten Wappler
The use of the functional feeding group-damage type system for analyzing arthropod and pathogen interactions with plants has transformed our understanding of herbivory in fossil plant assemblages by providing data, analyses, and interpretation of the local, regional, and global patterns of a 420-Myr history. The early fossil record can be used to answer major questions about the oldest evidence for herbivory, the early emergence of herbivore associations on land plants, and later expansion on seed plants. The subsequent effects of the Permian-Triassic ecological crisis on herbivore diversity, the resulting formation of biologically diverse herbivore communities on gymnosperms, and major shifts in herbivory ensuing from initial angiosperm diversification are additional issues that need to be addressed...
January 23, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36170642/iron-homeostasis-in-insects
#33
REVIEW
Maureen J Gorman
Iron is an essential micronutrient for all types of organisms; however, iron has chemical properties that can be harmful to cells. Because iron is both necessary and potentially damaging, insects have homeostatic processes that control the redox state, quantity, and location of iron in the body. These processes include uptake of iron from the diet, intracellular and extracellular iron transport, and iron storage. Early studies of iron-binding proteins in insects suggested that insects and mammals have surprisingly different mechanisms of iron homeostasis, including different primary mechanisms for exporting iron from cells and for transporting iron from one cell to another, and subsequent studies have continued to support this view...
January 23, 2023: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36270273/dehydration-dynamics-in-terrestrial-arthropods-from-water-sensing-to-trophic-interactions
#34
REVIEW
Joshua B Benoit, Kevin E McCluney, Matthew J DeGennaro, Julian A T Dow
Since the transition from water to land, maintaining water balance has been a key challenge for terrestrial arthropods. We explore factors that allow terrestrial arthropods to survive within a variably dry world and how they shape ecological interactions. Detection of water and hydration is critical for maintaining water content. Efficient regulation of internal water content is accomplished by excretory and osmoregulatory systems that balance water intake and loss. Biochemical and physiological responses are necessary as water content declines to prevent and repair the damage that occurs during dehydration...
October 21, 2022: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36266253/adaptive-plasticity-of-insect-eggs-in-response-to-environmental-challenges
#35
REVIEW
Monika Hilker, Hassan Salem, Nina E Fatouros
Insect eggs are exposed to a plethora of abiotic and biotic threats. Their survival depends on both an innate developmental program and genetically determined protective traits provided by the parents. In addition, there is increasing evidence that ( a ) parents adjust the egg phenotype to the actual needs, ( b ) eggs themselves respond to environmental challenges, and ( c ) egg-associated microbes actively shape the egg phenotype. This review focuses on the phenotypic plasticity of insect eggs and their capability to adjust themselves to their environment...
October 20, 2022: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36228134/molecular-mechanisms-underlying-host-plant-specificity-in-aphids
#36
REVIEW
Po-Yuan Shih, Akiko Sugio, Jean-Christophe Simon
Aphids are serious pests of agricultural and ornamental plants and important model systems for hemipteran-plant interactions. The long evolutionary history of aphids with their host plants has resulted in a variety of systems that provide insight into the different adaptation strategies of aphids to plants and vice versa. In the past, various plant-aphid interactions have been documented, but lack of functional tools has limited molecular studies on the mechanisms of plant-aphid interactions. Recent technological advances have begun to reveal plant-aphid interactions at the molecular level and to increase our knowledge of the mechanisms of aphid adaptation or specialization to different host plants...
October 13, 2022: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36206772/biology-and-management-of-the-spotted-lanternfly-lycorma-delicatula-hemiptera-fulgoridae-in-the-united-states
#37
REVIEW
Julie M Urban, Heather Leach
Spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), invaded the eastern United States in 2014 and has since caused economic and ecological disruption. In particular, spotted lanternfly has shown itself to be a significant pest of vineyards and ornamental plants and is likely to continue to spread to new areas. Factors that have contributed to its success as an invader include its wide host range and high mobility, which allow it to infest a wide range of habitats, including agricultural, urban, suburban, and managed and natural forested areas...
October 7, 2022: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36206771/the-resilience-of-plant-pollinator-networks
#38
REVIEW
Jordi Bascompte, Marten Scheffer
There is growing awareness of pollinator declines worldwide. Conservation efforts have mainly focused on finding the direct causes, while paying less attention to building a systemic understanding of the fragility of these communities of pollinators. To fill this gap, we need operational measures of network resilience that integrate two different approaches in theoretical ecology. First, we should consider the range of conditions compatible with the stable coexistence of all of the species in a community. Second, we should address the rate and shape of network collapse once this safe operational space is exited...
October 7, 2022: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36206770/molecular-mechanisms-of-winter-survival
#39
REVIEW
Nicholas M Teets, Katie E Marshall, Julie A Reynolds
Winter provides many challenges for insects, including direct injury to tissues and energy drain due to low food availability. As a result, the geographic distribution of many species is tightly coupled to their ability to survive winter. In this review, we summarize molecular processes associated with winter survival, with a particular focus on coping with cold injury and energetic challenges. Anticipatory processes such as cold acclimation and diapause cause wholesale transcriptional reorganization that increases cold resistance and promotes cryoprotectant production and energy storage...
October 7, 2022: Annual Review of Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36198404/diapause-in-univoltine-and-semivoltine-life-cycles
#40
REVIEW
Hideharu Numata, Yoshinori Shintani
Although it is generally more adaptive for insects to produce additional generations than to have longer life cycles, some insects produce one or fewer generations per year (univoltine or semivoltine life cycles, respectively). Some insects with the potential to produce multiple generations per year produce a univoltine life cycle in response to environmental conditions. Obligatory univoltine insects have a single long diapause or multiple diapauses in different seasons. Semivoltine insects have multiple diapauses in different years, a prolonged diapause for more than a year, or diapause controlled by a circannual rhythm...
October 5, 2022: Annual Review of Entomology
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