Acta Cytologica

Introduction Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the breast is an effective and widely adopted diagnostic technique. Histopathologic grading of ductal carcinoma-in-situ (DCIS) has prognostic significance. In this current study, FNAB of DCIS were reviewed to identify parameters that predict grading, histopathologic architecture, and presence of invasion in DCIS. Methods Aspirates from histopathology-proven cases of DCIS were retrieved and reviewed for cytomorphologic parameters including cellularity, composition, epithelial fragment architecture cellular/nuclear features...

Background Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an accurate, minimally invasive and cost-effective biopsy method for enlarged lymph nodes. While the role of lymph node FNAC in the diagnosis of infectious or reactive conditions and metastatic malignancy is unquestioned, differing views still exist on its role in the diagnosis of lymphoma. Nevertheless, regardless of the practice setting, pitfalls and potential for error exist, and it is incumbent upon the pathologist to be aware of these pitfalls; as this is the first line of defence against errors...

BACKGROUND: Thyroid nodules are prevalent among the general population, thus imposing substantial demands upon healthcare providers to establish effective management paradigms when investigating these lesions. A pivotal component in the diagnostic process involves the cytomorphologic evaluation of fine needle aspiration (FNA) specimens extracted from the nodule under scrutiny. This examination serves the critical purpose of enabling a comprehensive assessment for the risk of either a neoplasm or malignancy, thereby providing the clinical team with the requisite information to render decisions regarding potential surgical intervention and/or a structured clinical follow-up...

Introduction To perform the first meta-analysis for assessment of the pooled risk of malignancy of each category of the Sydney system for reporting of lymph nodal aspirates along with evaluation of diagnostic accuracy. Methods Pubmed/ MEDLINE and Embase were searched with the following keywords "(Lymph node) AND ("fine needle aspiration biopsy" OR FNAB) OR (International system OR Sydney system)" in the timeframe 2020 to August 04, 2023. The selected articles were assessed for risk of bias by the QUADAS-2 tool...

Purpose To evaluate fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) as a diagnostic tool for lymphoproliferative orbital lesions in light of recent improvements in cytomorphological and immunologic analyses. Method Retrospective case series including all orbital FNABs with a lymphoproliferative outcome at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden during the period 2005-2015. Results Of the 38 patients included, 31 (82%) were conclusively diagnosed as having lymphoma according to the first FNAB. Disease in 20 patients (65%) could be sub-classified...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Urine cytology is a common method for detection of urothelial carcinoma (UC), however, is not high sensitivity. Improvement of the accuracy of cytodiagnosis using immunocytostaining as an auxiliary method is needed. This study aimed to determine the cyto-diagnostic usefulness of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) immunocytostaining in urine cytology for the detection of urothelial carcinomas, particularly low-grade urothelial carcinomas (LGUC)...

This Meeting Report describes the events prior to and following the Kymi Odyssey Honorary Ceremony conducted in Kymi, Greece, on September 15, 2023.

INTRODUCTION: Thyroid Bethesda Reporting System is a six-tiered system that aims to bring uniformity in reporting thyroid cytology and improve the communication with clinicians. The system has achieved its goal as a presurgical diagnostic method; however, it remains a screening method in the grey zone categories, namely atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) and follicular neoplasm (FN). The book recently released the 3rd edition, following the recent changes in thyroid pathology. One of the most important novelties is subgrouping AUS category and FN to be able to make a better risk stratification in these categories...

INTRODUCTION: The WHO Reporting System for Pancreaticobiliary Cytopathology revised the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology guidelines in alignment with the WHO classification of digestive system tumors, 5th edition. The current systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted to accurately assess the performance of bile duct brush cytology and report the risk of malignancy (ROM) of each standard category by following the guidelines of diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis. METHODS: Medline/ Pubmed and Cochrane databases were searched till 8th June 2023 with a strategy that included target site (pancreaticobiliary and related terms), diagnostic method (bile duct brushing and related terms), and keywords for diagnostic performance (for Cochrane database)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis remains a global health burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Breast tuberculosis is a rare disease with minimal research available. This disease produces a diagnostic challenge as the clinical presentation is variable, and diagnosis often requires additional investigations. This study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of cytology and histology, together with ancillary studies, in diagnosing tuberculous mastitis. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted in a Johannesburg Hospital over five years...

INTRODUCTION: Combined thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and valine-to-glutamate substitution at codon 600 of B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF V600E) mutation detection are procedure used for diagnosing thyroid nodules in many Chinese tertiary institutions. This retrospective study at our institution aimed to explore the effectiveness and challenges of the combined approach in diagnosing thyroid nodules and the correlation between BRAF V600E mutation status and behavior of papillary thyroid carcinoma...

INTRODUCTION: Endocervical glandular atypia is relatively rarely diagnosed by Pap smears. A significant proportion of follow-up histological samples show no premalignant or malignant lesions. The observed cytomorphological findings in premalignant glandular lesions overlap with histologically proven reactive lesions. METHODS: A total of 45 conventional Pap smears diagnosed as atypical endocervical cells, not otherwise specified (AEC, NOS) with human papillomavirus (HPV) status available were blindly evaluated in a search for 38 cytomorphological features representing background, architectural, cellular and nuclear features...

INTRODUCTION: Metastasis of sarcomas to lymph nodes is an uncommon event in its natural history. We aim to present our experience with fine needle aspiration (FNA) of metastatic sarcomas to lymph nodes over a 10-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cytopathology archives were searched for FNA of lymph nodes involved by metastatic sarcomas. Available clinicopathologic data were recorded. All slides were retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS: Thirty-three lymph nodes, from 30 patients, with metastatic soft tissue sarcomas were identified...

Introduction PD-L1 expression is the most widely-used predictive marker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. However, the current understanding of the association between PD-L1 expression and treatment response is suboptimal. A significant percentage of patients have only a cytological specimen available for clinical management. Therefore, it is relevant to examine the impact of molecular features on PD-L1 expression in cytological samples and how it might correlate with a therapeutic response...

INTRODUCTION: Fluid cytology for malignant cells is important for diagnosis and staging of malignancies. Morphological overlap between reactive mesothelial cells and adenocarcinoma poses challenges, for which many immunohistochemical markers like BerEp4 and MOC-31 have been used extensively. Claudin4 is a new marker with promising results, however, further studies are required to establish its role as a pan-carcinoma marker in serous effusions. This study aims to determine the utility of Claudin4 in diagnosing metastatic adenocarcinoma in effusions and comparing its performance with BerEp4...

INTRODUCTION: The early diagnosis of breast carcinoma is of paramount importance in its management. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) has the potential to play a pivotal role in providing the relevant information on the aggressiveness of this tumor. But there is no gold standard when it comes to cytological grading of breast carcinoma as there is no consensus between the pathologist and also the clinicians as to which grading is as par with the gold standard Elston -Ellis modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) histological grading...

INTRODUCTION: Immediate fixation of smears in 95% alcohol for Pap-staining is commonly used for cytopathological diagnosis of cancers and other diseases. Few research has investigated the comparative outcomes of alcohol wet-fixation and rehydration of air-dried smears, indicating that rehydration of air-dried smears are viable alternative to wet-fixed smears. However, there is no or little investigations on the effects of long duration of air-drying fixation on cytomorphological staining quality...

BACKGROUND: Myxoid soft tissue tumors represent a heterogenous group of neoplasms. The study presents our experience on cytopathology of myxoid soft tissue tumors on fine needle aspiration (FNA) and aims to apply the recently proposed WHO system for reporting soft tissue cytopathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a 20-year retrospective search of our archives to identify all FNAs performed on myxoid soft tissue lesions. All cases were reviewed, and the WHO reporting system was applied...