journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36951421/whole-genome-transcriptomic-reveals-heat-stroke-molecular-signatures-in-humans
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abderrezak Bouchama, Mamoon Rashid, Shuja Shafi Malik, Saeed Almahri, Yara Yassin, Mashan Abdullah, Nour Abdulmalek, Fuad Maashi, Abdulaziz Mashi, Altaf Khan, Badriah Alotaibi, Cynthia Lehe, Sameer Mohammad, Haitham Alkadi, Deemah Al Waadani, Saber Yezli
An evolutionary heat shock response (HSR) protects most living species, including humans, from heat-induced macromolecular damage. However, its role in the pathogenesis of heat stroke is unknown. We examined the whole genome transcriptome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a cohort of subjects exposed to the same high environmental heat conditions, who developed heat stroke (n = 19) versus those who did not (n = 19). Patients with heat stroke had a mean rectal temperature at admission of 41.7±0.8°C, and eight were in deep coma (Glasgow Coma Score = 3)...
March 23, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36949604/micrornas-small-rnas-with-a-big-influence-on-brain-excitability
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gareth Morris
MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs, approximately 22nt in length, which serve to negatively regulate gene expression through binding to complementary sequences in the 3'UTR of target mRNA. The microRNA-target interaction does not require perfect complementarity, meaning that an individual microRNA often has a pool of hundreds of gene targets. Equally, one 3'UTR can contain target sites for many different microRNAs. This gives rise to a complex web of molecular interactions. An emerging concept is that microRNAs have a role as 'master' regulators of certain cellular properties, simultaneously mediating the subtle repression of multiple related genes within a pathway or system, therefore achieving a common phenotypic output...
March 22, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36949575/matching-oxygen-delivery-to-the-muscle-s-oxygen-demand-has-contractile-function-been-overlooked
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacob L Schwartz, Elia Rishis, Anthony J Belza
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 22, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36946417/decoding-firings-of-a-large-population-of-human-motor-units-from-high-density-surface-electromyogram-in-response-to-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jakob Škarabot, Claudia Ammann, Thomas G Balshaw, Matjaž Divjak, Filip Urh, Nina Murks, Guglielmo Foffani, Aleš Holobar
We describe a novel application of methodology for high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) decomposition to identify motor unit (MU) firings in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The method is based on the MU filter estimation from HDsEMG decomposition with Convolution Kernel Compensation during voluntary isometric contractions and its application to contractions elicited by TMS. First, we simulated synthetic HDsEMG signals during voluntary contractions followed by simulated motor evoked potentials (MEPs) recruiting increasing proportion of the motor pool...
March 22, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36946031/nav1-2-and-bk-channels-interaction-shapes-the-action-potential-in-the-axon-initial-segment
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luiza Filipis, Laila Ananda Blömer, Jérôme Montnach, Gildas Loussouarn, Michel De Waard, Marco Canepari
In neocortical layer-5 pyramidal neurons, the action potential (AP) is generated in the axon initial segment (AIS) when the membrane potential (Vm ) reaches the threshold for activation of the voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGNCs) Nav 1.2 and Nav 1.6. Yet, whereas it is known that these VGNCs differ in spatial distribution along the AIS and in biophysical properties, the understanding of the functional differences between the two channels remains elusive. Here, using ultrafast Na+ , Vm and Ca2+ imaging in combination with the partial block of Nav 1...
March 22, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36942820/retraction-grabauskas-g-wu-x-lu-y-heldsinger-a-song-i-zhou-s-y-and-owyang-c-2015-katp-channels-in-the-nodose-ganglia-mediate-the-orexigenic-actions-of-ghrelin-journal-of-physiology-593-17-3973-3989-https-doi-org-10-1113-jp270788
#6
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36942713/retraction-li-y-wu-x-y-owyang-c-serotonin-and-cholecystokinin-synergistically-stimulate-rat-vagal-primary-afferent-neurons-journal-of-physiology-2004-https-doi-org-10-1113-jphysiol-2004-064816
#7
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36942712/retraction-gao-j-wu-x-owyang-c-and-li-y-2006-enhanced-responses-of-the-anterior-cingulate-cortex-neurones-to-colonic-distension-in-viscerally-hypersensitive-rats-the-journal-of-physiology-570-169-183-https-doi-org-10-1113-jphysiol-2005-096073
#8
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36942647/retraction-zhu-j-x-wu-x-y-owyang-c-and-li-y-2001-intestinal-serotonin-acts-as-a-paracrine-substance-to-mediate-vagal-signal-transmission-evoked-by-luminal-factors-in-the-rat-the-journal-of-physiology-530-431-442-https-doi-org-10-1111-j-1469-7793-2001-0431k
#9
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36938867/muscle-injury-and-low-physical-activity-a-potent-combination-to-impair-functionality-and-metabolism
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto, Danielle Naves Ribeiro, Ana Paula Pinto
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 20, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36938781/tendon-circadian-clock-and-diurnal-regulation-of-collagen-homeostasis-as-novel-etiological-and-therapeutic-binoculars-in-chronic-tendinopathy
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chiedozie Kenneth Ugwoke, Žiga Šink, Luka Pušnik, Nejc Umek
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 20, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36930567/an-evolutionarily-conserved-pacemaker-role-for-hcn-ion-channels-in-smooth-muscle
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Yang, Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona, Carl S Smith, Kelly M Banks, V Kaye Thomas, Lawrence Palmer, Todd Evans, Romulo Hurtado
Although hyperpolarization-activated cation (HCN) ion channels are well established to underlie cardiac pacemaker activity, their role in smooth muscle organs remains controversial. HCN-expressing cells are localized to renal pelvic smooth muscle (RPSM) pacemaker tissues of the murine upper urinary tract and HCN channel conductance is required for peristalsis. To date, however, the Ih pacemaker current conducted by HCN channels has never been detected in these cells, raising questions on the identity of RPSM pacemakers...
March 17, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36929599/myonuclear-alterations-after-training-train-your-muscles-train-your-nuclei
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zakarias Kefil Jensen Ogueboule
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 17, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36929484/non-invasive-estimation-of-muscle-fibre-size-from-high-density-electromyography
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Casolo, Sumiaki Maeo, Thomas G Balshaw, Marcel B Lanza, Neil R W Martin, Stefano Nuccio, Tatiana Moro, Antonio Paoli, Francesco Felici, Nicola Maffulli, Bjoern Eskofier, Thomas M Kinfe, Jonathan P Folland, Dario Farina, Alessandro Del Vecchio
Because of the biophysical relation between muscle fibre diameter and the propagation velocity of action potentials along the muscle fibres, motor unit conduction velocity could be a non-invasive index of muscle fibre size in humans. However, the relation between motor unit conduction velocity and fibre size has been only assessed indirectly in animal models and in human patients with invasive intramuscular EMG recordings, or it has been mathematically derived from computer simulations. By combining advanced non-invasive techniques to record motor unit activity in vivo, i...
March 16, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36928599/post-activation-depression-from-primary-afferent-depolarization-pad-produces-extensor-h-reflex-suppression-following-flexor-afferent-conditioning
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krista Metz, Isabel Concha Matos, Krishnapriya Hari, Omayma Bseis, Babak Afsharipour, Shihao Lin, Rahul Singla, Keith K Fenrich, Yaqing Li, David J Bennett, Monica A Gorassini
Suppression of the extensor H-reflex by flexor afferent conditioning is thought to be produced by a long-lasting inhibition of extensor Ia-afferent terminals via GABAA receptor-activated primary afferent depolarization (PAD). Considering the recent finding that PAD does not produce presynaptic inhibition of Ia-afferent terminals, we examined in 28 participants if H-reflex suppression is instead mediated by post-activation depression of the extensor Ia-afferents triggered by PAD-evoked spikes and/or by a long-lasting inhibition of the extensor motoneurons...
March 16, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36916495/caution-merging-ion-channel-traffic-ahead
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Don E Burgess, Brian P Delisle
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 14, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36916205/facilitation-of-sensory-transmission-to-motoneurons-during-cortical-or-sensory-evoked-primary-afferent-depolarization-pad-in-humans
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krista Metz, Isabel Concha Matos, Yaqing Li, Babak Afsharipour, Christopher K Thompson, Francesco Negro, Katharina A Quinlan, David J Bennett, Monica A Gorassini
Sensory and corticospinal tract (CST) pathways activate spinal GABAergic interneurons that have axoaxonic connections onto proprioceptive (Ia) afferents that cause long-lasting depolarizations (termed primary afferent depolarization, PAD). In rodents sensory-evoked PAD is produced by GABAA receptors at nodes of Ranvier in Ia-afferents, rather than at presynaptic terminals, and facilitates spike propagation to motoneurons by preventing branch-point failures, rather than causing presynaptic inhibition. We examined in 40 human participants if putative activation of Ia-PAD by sensory or CST pathways can also facilitate Ia-afferent activation of motoneurons via the H-reflex...
March 14, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36905219/insulin-resistant-female-rat-skeletal-muscles-display-diacylglycerol-mediated-pkc-activation-and-inflammation-without-ceramides-accumulation
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shailee Jani, Daniel Da Eira, Rolando B Ceddia
This study investigated the role of diacylglycerol (DAG)-mediated protein kinase C (PKC) activation, ceramides accumulation, and inflammation in insulin-resistant female oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles induced by an obesogenic high-fat sucrose-enriched (HFS) diet. The HFS diet impaired insulin-stimulated AKTThr308 phosphorylation and glycogen synthesis, whereas rates of fatty acid oxidation and basal lactate production were significantly elevated in soleus (Sol), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and epitrochlearis (Epit) muscles...
March 11, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36905200/direct-intraoperative-measurement-of-isometric-contractile-properties-in-living-human-muscle
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin I Binder-Markey, Lomas S Persad, Alexander Y Shin, William J Litchy, Kenton R Kaufman, Richard L Lieber
Skeletal muscle's isometric contractile properties are one of the classic structure-function relationships in all of biology allowing for extrapolation of single fibre mechanical properties to whole muscle properties based on the muscle's optimal fibre length and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA). However, this relationship has only been validated in small animals and then extrapolated to human muscles which are much larger in terms of length and PCSA. The purpose of this study was to measure directly the in situ properties and function of the human gracilis muscle to validate this relationship...
March 11, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36893322/reply-from-denis-noble-what-did-alan-hodgkin-know
#20
LETTER
Denis Noble
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 9, 2023: Journal of Physiology
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