Dental Clinics of North America

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The successful outcome of endodontic treatment is dependent on the immune response and the reparative potential of the individual. Alteration in the host immune response is a common characteristic shared by both apical periodontitis and systemic diseases. Although infection-induced periapical lesions occur in a localized environment, numerous epidemiologic studies in the last few decades have investigated the potential association between endodontic disease pathogenesis and systemic diseases. The goal of this review is to identify common systematic factors and discuss the effect they may or may not have on the prognosis and outcome of endodontic therapy...

Healing process in the oral cavity is influenced by a range of systemic factors. More specifically, patient health status, medications, habits, and nutritional state play crucial roles in dental healing. Additionally, the body's immune response, inflammation, and overall well-being are key determinants in wound repair. Understanding these systemic factors is essential for dental professionals to optimize patient care, minimize complications, and achieve successful healing.

Today, it is common for medically complex patients who are receiving multiple medications, to seek routine and emergent dental care. It is essential for the practitioner to recognize and comprehend the impact of such medications on the patient's ability to tolerate the planned dental treatment and on dental treatment outcomes. An active appraisal of current literature is essential to stay abreast of emerging findings and understand their treatment implications. This article outlines the process of such active critical appraisal, illustrating key paradigms of the models that describe the impact of medications on treatment outcomes...

This article gives valuable insight into the effect of selected groups of medications on dental treatment outcome and prognosis. The review emphasizes the importance of thorough medical history, which may have an impact on the prognosis of dental treatment. We discuss drugs acting on the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, endocrine system, and bone metabolism among others. Other pertinent drugs are discussed elsewhere in this special issue.

The field of restorative and prosthetic dentistry focuses on restoring lost tooth structures and replacing missing teeth and lost tissue to restore or improve esthetics and oral health. Many systemic factors such as metabolic, bone, autoimmune, cardiovascular, and endocrine disorders can affect healing procedures, and bone density and impact oral health. Hence patients suffering from systemic disease when treated for prosthodontic rehabilitation can have negative prognostic outcomes. The commonest prosthodontic treatments that can be affected include dental implants, fixed prostheses, and removable prostheses...

Many psychological factors may have a significant bearing on an individual's oral health and success of dental treatments. Overall, these factors may result in the avoidance of dental visits, emergency-based dental appointments, noncompliant dental behavior, the utilization of multiple oral health care providers, and poor oral health. These factors may affect the quality of life of individuals and may lead to patient dissatisfaction, poor prognosis, and failure of dental treatment. Multiple psychological factors may affect the dentist and the patient...

There are several factors that affect a patient's experience of pain. These include both local and systemic factors. The systemic factors that affect patients' dental and orofacial pain experience include, but not limited to, hormonal, nutritional, systemic infections, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune, among others. Comprehensive medical history is essential to delineate any possible systemic factors affecting pain experience. A thorough review of systems should form the foundation, since multiple factors can affect the prognosis of pain management...

This article explores the various challenges systemic conditions can pose before and during orthodontic treatment. Cardiovascular conditions like infective endocarditis require antibiotic prophylaxis before certain orthodontic procedures are started. Patients with bleeding disorders require special considerations in regards to viral infection risk and maintenance of excellent atraumatic oral hygiene. Orthodontists play an important role in early identification of signs and symptoms of eating disorders and should deal with these patients sensitively...

This article explores the intersection of various systemic conditions with orthodontic treatment. Renal diseases, including chronic kidney disease and renal transplant, present challenges such as delayed tooth eruption and gingival overgrowth, necessitating careful orthodontic planning and collaboration with physicians. Liver diseases, particularly hepatitis, heighten the risk of periodontal disease and mandate strict infection control measures during orthodontic procedures. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome poses challenges related to collagen fragility, rapid tooth movement, and orthodontic relapse...

Genetics plays a significant role in determining an individual's susceptibility to dental diseases, the response to dental treatments, and the overall prognosis of dental interventions. Here, the authors explore the various genetic factors affecting the prognosis of dental treatments focusing on dental caries, orthodontic treatment, oral cancer, prosthodontic treatment, periodontal disease, developmental disorders, pharmacogenetics, and genetic predisposition to faster wound healing. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of dental health can help personalize treatment plans, predict outcomes, and improve the overall quality of dental care...

This study provided an overview of the knowledge on the main sleep-related disorders and conditions affecting the prognosis of dental treatment: sleep bruxism (SB), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Current scientific evidence seems to suggest that these phenomena (ie, SB, OSA, GERD) belong to a circle of mutually relating sleep disorders and conditions where dental practitioners can play a key role in diagnosis and treatment.

The appearance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other emerging infections has significantly impacted the field of dentistry, leading to widespread changes in practices and protocols. This has included the implementation of strict infection control measures, such as meticulous use of personal protective equipment, minimizing aerosol-generating procedures, and the adoption of teledentistry to reduce in-person contact. To date, the complete impact of delays in dental care caused by lockdowns has yet to be determined...

Stress is a process that activates neuronal, metabolic, and neuroendocrine mechanisms. The individual's response may be determined by variables such as genetic factors, environmental conditions, sex, and age, among others. These responses are critical for survival, and the involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is necessary for adaptation, which through counter-regulatory mechanisms seeks to restore homeostasis. Dentists are aware that there are variations in people's response to treatment, and there are many patients in whom dental treatment generates an important source of stress, which in many cases leads to treatment avoidance behavior...

This study gives an insight into certain systemic conditions and factors such as nutrition, age, hematological disorders, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and metabolic syndrome that have a notable effect on the periodontium. The review highlights the importance of taking these factors into consideration in periodontal therapy and their impact on the prognosis of periodontal therapies. The other systemic factors are discussed in detail elsewhere in the special issue.

This review delves into the effects of autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, infectious ailments like human immunodeficiency virus, and their medications on periodontal therapy outcomes. It also explores the influence of hormones. Understanding these systemic factors is crucial for optimizing periodontal health and treatment efficacy. The review underscores the necessity of considering these variables in periodontal care...

Clinicians who place and restore implants are always concerned about the success and longevity of the same. There are several local and systemic factors that affect osseointegration and the health of the peri-implant tissues. In this study, we review the systemic factors that can affect implant survival, osseointegration, and long-term success. The study highlights the importance of delineating, and taking into consideration these systemic factors from the planning phase to the restorative phase of dental implants...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The provision of dental sleep medicine (DSM) has caused the rapid growth and expansion of an industry that includes health care providers, manufacturers, and retailers. Sleep is used as a vital sign by health care providers to screen and test for sleep disorders and to prevent future health issues, disease, and catastrophic events. Professional services and devices continue to be developed to enhance and foster better sleep hygiene and environment and to encourage improved sleep by building a comprehensive portfolio of sleep solutions, including DSM...

Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) keep the upper airways patent by holding the mandible and attached soft tissues forward via altered position of its condyles relative to the articulating surfaces of the temporal bones. During the first weeks of MAD therapy, pain may occur in the area of the temporomandibular joints, masticatory muscles, and/or teeth with a tendency of spontaneous resolution. In patients reporting temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms prior to therapy, the MAD-related anterior condylar position during sleep may result in a reduction of TMD signs and symptoms...