journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433453/correlated-p300b-and-phasic-pupil-dilation-responses-to-motivationally-significant-stimuli
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danilo Menicucci, Silvia Animali, Eleonora Malloggi, Angelo Gemignani, Enrica Bonanni, Francesco Fornai, Filippo Giorgi, Paola Binda
Motivationally significant events like oddball stimuli elicit both a characteristic event-related potential (ERPs) known as P300 and a set of autonomic responses including a phasic pupil dilation. Although co-occurring, P300 and pupil-dilation responses to oddball events have been repeatedly found to be uncorrelated, suggesting separate origins. We re-examined their relationship in the context of a three-stimulus version of the auditory oddball task, independently manipulating the frequency (rare vs. repeated) and motivational significance (relevance for the participant's task) of the stimuli...
March 3, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415824/associations-between-the-resting-eeg-aperiodic-slope-and-broad-domains-of-cognitive-ability
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew J Euler, Julia V Vehar, Jasmin E Guevara, Allie R Geiger, Pascal R Deboeck, Keith R Lohse
Recent studies suggest that the EEG aperiodic exponent (often represented as a slope in log-log space) is sensitive to individual differences in momentary cognitive skills such as selective attention and information processing speed. However, findings are mixed, and most of the studies have focused on just a narrow range of cognitive domains. This study used an archival dataset to help clarify associations between resting aperiodic features and broad domains of cognitive ability, which vary in their demands on momentary processing...
February 28, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415791/beyond-peaks-and-troughs-multiplexed-performance-monitoring-signals-in-the-eeg
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markus Ullsperger
With the discovery of event-related potentials elicited by errors more than 30 years ago, a new avenue of research on performance monitoring, cognitive control, and decision making emerged. Since then, the field has developed and expanded fulminantly. After a brief overview on the EEG correlates of performance monitoring, this article reviews recent advancements based on single-trial analyses using independent component analysis, multiple regression, and multivariate pattern classification. Given the close interconnection between performance monitoring and reinforcement learning, computational modeling and model-based EEG analyses have made a particularly strong impact...
February 28, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38409649/temporal-dynamics-of-autonomic-nervous-system-responses-under-cognitive-emotional-workload-in-obsessive-compulsive-disorder
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Galina Portnova, Guzal Khayrullina, Olga Martynova
Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is commonly observed in various mental disorders, particularly when individuals engage in prolonged cognitive-emotional tasks that require ANS adjustment to workload. Although the understanding of the temporal dynamics of sympathetic and parasympathetic tones in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is limited, analyzing ANS reactions to cognitive-emotional workload could provide valuable insights into one of the underlying causes of OCD. This study investigated the temporal dynamics of heart rate (HR) and pupil area (PA) while participants with OCD and healthy volunteers solved antisaccade tasks, with affective pictures serving as central fixation stimuli...
February 26, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38406999/how-effort-based-self-interest-motivation-shapes-altruistic-donation-behavior-and-brain-responses
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenhao Mao, Qin Xiao, Xuejie Shen, Xinyi Zhou, Ailian Wang, Jia Jin
Prosocial behaviors are central to individual and societal well-being. Although the relationship between effort and prosocial behavior is increasingly studied, the impact of effort-based self-interested motivation on prosocial behavior has received less attention. In the current study, we carried out two experiments to examine the effect of motivation to obtain a reward for oneself on donation behavior and brain response. We observed that individuals who accumulated more money in the effort-expenditure rewards task (EEfRT) donated a lower proportion of their earnings...
February 26, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38406863/expectancy-and-attention-bias-to-spiders-dissecting-anticipation-and-allocation-processes-using-erps
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elinor Abado, Tatjana Aue, Gilles Pourtois, Hadas Okon-Singer
The current registered report focused on the temporal dynamics of the relationship between expectancy and attention toward threat, to better understand the mechanisms underlying the prioritization of threat detection over expectancy. In the current event-related potentials experiment, a-priori expectancy was manipulated, and attention bias was measured, using a well-validated paradigm. A visual search array was presented, with one of two targets: spiders (threatening) or birds (neutral). A verbal cue stating the likelihood of encountering a target preceded the array, creating congruent and incongruent trials...
February 26, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385977/a-longitudinal-study-on-the-impact-of-high-altitude-hypoxia-on-perceptual-processes
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fumei Guo, Changming Wang, Getong Tao, Hailin Ma, Jiaxing Zhang, Yan Wang
This study aimed to explore the neural mechanisms underlying high-altitude (HA) adaptation and deadaptation in perceptual processes in lowlanders. Eighteen healthy lowlanders were administered a facial S1-S2 matching task that included incomplete face (S1) and complete face (S2) photographs combined with ERP technology. Participants were tested at four time points: shortly before they departed the HA (Test 1), twenty-five days after entering the HA (Test 2), and one week (Test 3) and one month (Test 4) after returning to the lowlands...
February 22, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385660/losses-disguised-as-wins-evoke-the-reward-positivity-event-related-potential-in-a-simulated-machine-gambling-task
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dan Myles, Adrian Carter, Murat Yücel, Stefan Bode
Electronic gambling machines include a suite of design characteristics that may contribute to gambling-related harms and require more careful attention of regulators and policymakers. One strategy that has contributed to these concerns is the presentation of "losses disguised as wins" (LDWs), a type of salient losing outcome in which a gambling payout is less than the amount wagered (i.e., a net loss), but is nonetheless accompanied by the celebratory audio-visual stimuli that typically accompany a genuine win...
February 22, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38372443/topographic-mapping-of-the-sensorimotor-qualities-of-empathic-reactivity-a-psychophysiological-study-in-people-with-spinal-cord-injuries
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Scandola, Maddalena Beccherle, Rossella Togni, Giulia Caffini, Federico Ferrari, Salvatore Maria Aglioti, Valentina Moro
The experience of empathy for pain is underpinned by sensorimotor and affective dimensions which, although interconnected, are at least in part behaviorally and neurally distinct. Spinal cord injuries (SCI) induce a massive, below-lesion level, sensorimotor body-brain disconnection. This condition may make it possible to test whether sensorimotor deprivation alters specific dimensions of empathic reactivity to observed pain. To explore this issue, we asked SCI people with paraplegia and healthy controls to observe videos of painful or neutral stimuli administered to a hand (intact) or a foot (deafferented)...
February 19, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38366704/conditional-deviant-repetition-in-the-oddball-paradigm-modulates-processing-at-the-level-of-p3a-but-not-mmn
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina Coy, Alexandra Bendixen, Sabine Grimm, Urte Roeber, Erich Schröger
The auditory system has an amazing ability to rapidly encode auditory regularities. Evidence comes from the popular oddball paradigm, in which frequent (standard) sounds are occasionally exchanged for rare deviant sounds, which then elicit signs of prediction error based on their unexpectedness (e.g., MMN and P3a). Here, we examine the widely neglected characteristics of deviants being bearers of predictive information themselves; naive participants listened to sound sequences constructed according to a new, modified version of the oddball paradigm including two types of deviants that followed diametrically opposed rules: one deviant sound occurred mostly in pairs (repetition rule), the other deviant sound occurred mostly in isolation (non-repetition rule)...
February 17, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38362931/pupil-dilation-reveals-the-intensity-of-touch
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonia F Ten Brink, Iris Heiner, H Chris Dijkerman, Christoph Strauch
Touch is important for many aspects of our daily activities. One of the most important tactile characteristics is its perceived intensity. However, quantifying the intensity of perceived tactile stimulation is not always possible using overt responses. Here, we show that pupil responses can objectively index the intensity of tactile stimulation in the absence of overt participant responses. In Experiment 1 (n = 32), we stimulated three reportedly differentially sensitive body locations (finger, forearm, and calf) with a single tap of a tactor while tracking pupil responses...
February 16, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361367/cardiovascular-reactivity-to-acute-psychological-stress-is-associated-with-generalized-self-efficacy-and-self-efficacy-outcomes-during-adventure-challenges
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William P Tyne, David Fletcher, Clare Stevinson, Nicola J Paine
Outdoor adventure challenges are commonly used to enhance self-efficacy, but the physiological mechanisms involved remain unexplored. Additionally, while studies have documented the influence of self-efficacy on stress management, general self-efficacy has yet to be fully understood in the context of cardiovascular stress reactivity (CVR). This study investigated the influence of self-efficacy beliefs on CVR during acute psychological stress tasks. Additionally, it explored whether CVR serves as a novel mechanism underlying the outcomes of outdoor adventure challenges...
February 15, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38351668/systemic-neurophysiological-signals-of-auditory-predictive-coding
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manuel Muñoz-Caracuel, Vanesa Muñoz, Francisco J Ruiz-Martínez, Antonio J Vázquez Morejón, Carlos M Gómez
Predictive coding framework posits that our brain continuously monitors changes in the environment and updates its predictive models, minimizing prediction errors to efficiently adapt to environmental demands. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of these predictive phenomena remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the systemic neurophysiological correlates of predictive coding processes during passive and active auditory processing. Electroencephalography (EEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and autonomic nervous system (ANS) measures were analyzed using an auditory pattern-based novelty oddball paradigm...
February 13, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38342692/erp-correlates-of-self-referential-processing-moderate-the-association-between-pubertal-status-and-disordered-eating-in-preadolescence
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pan Liu, Jaron X Y Tan
Preadolescence is a critical period for the onset of puberty and eating-related psychopathology. More advanced pubertal status is associated with elevated eating pathology. However, it was unclear whether this association was moderated by self-referential processing, an important, modifiable cognitive risk for various forms of psychopathology, including eating problems. Further, no study has examined the neural correlates of self-referential processing in relation to eating pathology. To address these gaps, we examined how the association between pubertal status and disordered eating was moderated by self-referential processing in a community sample of 115 nine-to-12-year-old preadolescents (66 girls; mean age/SD = 10...
February 11, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38339852/fmri-bold-responses-to-film-stimuli-and-their-association-with-exhaled-nitric-oxide-in-asthma-and-health
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Ritz, Juliet L Kroll, David A Khan, Uma S Yezhuvath, Sina Aslan, Amy Pinkham, David Rosenfield, E Sherwood Brown
Little is known about central nervous system (CNS) responses to emotional stimuli in asthma. Nitric oxide in exhaled breath (FENO ) is elevated in asthma due to allergic immune processes, but endogenous nitric oxide is also known to modulate CNS activity. We measured fMRI blood oxygen-dependent (BOLD) brain activation to negative (blood-injection-injury themes) and neutral films in 31 participants (15 with asthma). Regions-of-interest analysis was performed on key areas relevant to central adaptive control, threat processing, or salience networks, with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), amygdala, ventral striatum, ventral tegmentum, and periaqueductal gray, as well as top-down modulation of emotion, with ventrolateral and ventromedial PFC...
February 10, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333910/generalization-of-savoring-to-novel-positive-stimuli
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kayla A Wilson, Annmarie MacNamara
Savoring is a positive emotion up-regulation technique that can increase electrocortical and self-reported valence and arousal to positive and neutral pictures, with effects persisting to increase response to the same stimuli when encountered later. Outside of the lab, emotion regulation techniques that persist to affect not just encounters with the same stimuli but also encounters with similar, but previously unencountered stimuli should save individuals time and effort. Here, we used event-related potentials and picture ratings to test whether savoring would generalize to similar, but previously unseen positive pictures...
February 9, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332720/disentangling-associations-between-impulsivity-compulsivity-and-performance-monitoring
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca Overmeyer, Tanja Endrass
Disorders marked by high levels of impulsivity and compulsivity have been linked to changes in performance monitoring, specifically the error-related negativity (ERN). We investigated the relationship between performance monitoring and individual differences in impulsivity and compulsivity. A total of 142 participants were recruited into four groups, each with different combinations of impulsivity and compulsivity, and they performed a flanker task to assess error-related brain activity. We defined error-related brain activity as ERN amplitude and theta power...
February 9, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38323360/does-effort-increase-or-decrease-reward-valuation-considerations-from-cognitive-dissonance-theory
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eddie Harmon-Jones, Sophie Matis, Douglas J Angus, Cindy Harmon-Jones
The present research tested the effect of manipulated perceived control (over obtaining the outcomes) and effort on reward valuation using the event-related potential known as the Reward Positivity (RewP). This test was conducted in an attempt to integrate two research literatures with opposite findings: Effort justification occurs when high effort leads to high reward valuation, whereas effort discounting occurs when high effort leads to low reward valuation. Based on an examination of past methods used in these literatures, we predicted that perceived control and effort would interactively influence RewP...
February 7, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38318683/interoception-as-a-function-of-hypnotizability-during-rest-and-a-heartbeat-counting-task
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gioia Giusti, Žan Zelič, Alejandro Luis Callara, Laura Sebastiani, Enrica L Santarcangelo
The hypnotizability-related differences in morpho-functional characteristics of the insula could at least partially account for the differences in interoceptive accuracy (IA) observed between high and low hypnotizable individuals (highs, lows). Our aim was to investigate interoceptive processing in highs, lows, and medium hypnotizable individuals (mediums), who represent most of the population, during a 10-minute open eyes relaxation condition (Part 1) and three repetitions of consecutive 2-minute open eyes, closed eyes, and heartbeat counting conditions, followed by a 2-minute post-counting condition (Part 2)...
February 6, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38297978/optimal-filters-for-erp-research-i-a-general-approach-for-selecting-filter-settings
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guanghui Zhang, David R Garrett, Steven J Luck
Filtering plays an essential role in event-related potential (ERP) research, but filter settings are usually chosen on the basis of historical precedent, lab lore, or informal analyses. This reflects, in part, the lack of a well-reasoned, easily implemented method for identifying the optimal filter settings for a given type of ERP data. To fill this gap, we developed an approach that involves finding the filter settings that maximize the signal-to-noise ratio for a specific amplitude score (or minimizes the noise for a latency score) while minimizing waveform distortion...
January 31, 2024: Psychophysiology
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