Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

INTRODUCTION: Social functioning (SF) is the ability to fulfil one's social obligations and a key outcome in treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to estimate the effects of antidepressants on SF in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: This meta-analysis and its reporting are based on Cochrane Collaboration's Handbook of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and PRISMA guidelines (protocol registration at OSF). We systematically searched CENTRAL, Medline, PubMed Central, and PsycINFO for double-blind RCTs comparing antidepressants with placebo and reporting on SF...

INTRODUCTION: Patients seeking psychotherapy often spend time on waitlist (WL), the effect of which is largely unknown. WL patients may forego alternative non-psychotherapeutic assistance and thus do more poorly than had they not been placed on a WL. The course of symptoms might also be influenced by use of antidepressant medication (ADM), an issue that remains unexplored in the literature. OBJECTIVE: In a naturalistic setting, WL symptom change before inpatient psychotherapy (mean weeks of waiting = 22...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: The concept of allostatic load encompasses the cumulative effects of both ordinary daily life events as well as major challenges, and also includes related health-damaging behavior. Allostatic overload ensues when environmental challenges exceed the individual's ability to cope. Identification of allostatic load is carried out through the use of biomarkers and clinimetric criteria. Studies are increasingly reported on allostatic load in younger populations, yet a systematic review is missing...

INTRODUCTION: Different types of psychotherapy are effective for treating major depressive disorder across groups yet show large within-group differences. Patient personality style is considered a potentially useful variable for treatment matching. OBJECTIVE: This study is the first experimental test of the interaction between therapeutic approach and patients' dependent versus self-critical personality styles. METHODS: A pragmatic stratified parallel trial was carried out with 100 adult patients diagnosed with DSM-IV-TR major depressive disorder...

INTRODUCTION: The "Cutting Down Programme" (CDP), a brief psychotherapeutic intervention for treating nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents, was comparable to high-quality treatment as usual (TAU) in a previous randomized controlled trial (RCT). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the CDP over up to 4 years. METHODS: Assessments of NSSI, suicide attempts, borderline personality disorder (BPD), depression, and quality of life took place 2 to 4 years (T3) after enrollment in a RCT...

INTRODUCTION: Effective non-pharmacological treatment options for depression in older adults are lacking. OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of behavioural activation (BA) by mental health nurses (MHNs) for depressed older adults in primary care compared with treatment as usual (TAU) was evaluated. METHODS: In this multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial, 59 primary care centres (PCCs) were randomised to BA and TAU. Consenting older (≥65 years) adults (n = 161) with clinically relevant symptoms of depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) participated...

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: Treatment results of anorexia nervosa (AN) are modest, with fear of weight gain being a strong predictor of treatment outcome and relapse. Here, we present a virtual reality (VR) setup for exposure to healthy weight and evaluate its potential as an adjunct treatment for AN. METHODS: In two studies, we investigate VR experience and clinical effects of VR exposure to higher weight in 20 women with high weight concern or shape concern and in 20 women with AN...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: The temporal relationship between symptoms and functioning in the context of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety and depression is not fully understood, and there are few high-quality studies that have examined to what extent late intervention effects of CBT on functioning are mediated by initial intervention effects on symptoms while accounting for the initial effects on functioning and vice versa. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether intervention effects on symptoms and functioning at 12-month follow-up were mediated by intervention effects on these outcomes at 6-month follow-up...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Treatment non-response occurs regularly, but psychotherapy is seldom examined for such patients. Existing studies targeted single diagnoses, were relatively small, and paid little attention to treatment under real-world conditions. OBJECTIVE: The Choose Change trial tested whether psychotherapy was effective in treating chronic patients with treatment non-response in a transdiagnostic sample of common mental disorders across two variants of treatment delivery (inpatient and outpatient)...

INTRODUCTION: Many psychological interventions aim to prevent suicide, but there is limited information regarding their comparative effectiveness. OBJECTIVES: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the relative effects of psychological interventions for preventing suicide re-attempts in psychiatric emergencies. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and PsycINFO from inception to December 1, 2022. Selection and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers based on prespecified criteria...

N/A.

INTRODUCTION: In research and treatment of mood disorders, "euthymia" traditionally denotes the absence of clinically significant mood disturbance. A newer, expanded definition of euthymia also includes positive affect and psychological well-being. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to test this comprehensive model of euthymia and estimate the coherence and predictive power of each factor in the model. METHODS: Community-dwelling adults (N = 601), including both mental health outpatients and non-patients at high risk for personality pathology, completed a battery of interviews and questionnaires at time 1...

INTRODUCTION: The use of benzodiazepines and/or z-drugs in women of childbearing age has increased. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether gestational benzodiazepine and/or z-drug exposure is associated with adverse birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes. METHODS: A population-based cohort including mother-child pairs from 2001 to 2018 in Hong Kong was analysed to compare gestationally exposed and nonexposed children on the risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through logistic/Cox proportional hazards regression with a 95% confidence interval (CI)...

INTRODUCTION: Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent binge eating (BE) episodes with loss of control. Inhibitory control impairments, including alterations in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) functioning, have been described for BED. A targeted modulation of inhibitory control circuits by the combination of inhibitory control training and transcranial brain stimulation could be promising. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to demonstrate feasibility and clinical effects of a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)-enhanced inhibitory control training to reduce BE episodes and to generate an empirical basis for a confirmatory trial...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a cognitive process focusing on self-relevant and negative experiences, leading to a poor prognosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). We previously identified that connectivity between the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) was positively correlated with levels of RNT. OBJECTIVE: In this double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled, proof-of-concept trial, we employed real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRI-nf) to delineate the neural processes that may be causally linked to RNT and could potentially become treatment targets for MDD...