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Journals Proceedings of the National Ac...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

https://read.qxmd.com/read/37774093/maternally-derived-antibody-titer-dynamics-and-risk-of-hospitalized-infant-dengue-disease
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan O'Driscoll, Darunee Buddhari, Angkana T Huang, Adam Waickman, Surachai Kaewhirun, Sopon Iamsirithaworn, Direk Khampaen, Aaron Farmer, Stefan Fernandez, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Stephen Thomas, Timothy Endy, Alan L Rothman, Kathryn Anderson, Derek A T Cummings, Henrik Salje
Infants less than 1 y of age experience high rates of dengue disease in dengue virus (DENV) endemic countries. This burden is commonly attributed to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), whereby concentrations of maternally derived DENV antibodies become subneutralizing, and infection-enhancing. Understanding antibody-related mechanisms of enhanced infant dengue disease risk represents a significant challenge due to the dynamic nature of antibodies and their imperfect measurement processes. Further, key uncertainties exist regarding the impact of long-term shifts in birth rates, population-level infection risks, and maternal ages on the DENV immune landscape of newborns and their subsequent risks of severe dengue disease in infancy...
October 10, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756348/fairy-circle-tales
#2
COMMENT
Xiaoli Dong
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 10, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756347/repurposing-long-term-ecological-studies-for-climate-change
#3
COMMENT
Stephen T Jackson
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 10, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37748080/a-robust-agnostic-molecular-biosignature-based-on-machine-learning
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H James Cleaves, Grethe Hystad, Anirudh Prabhu, Michael L Wong, George D Cody, Sophia Economon, Robert M Hazen
The search for definitive biosignatures-unambiguous markers of past or present life-is a central goal of paleobiology and astrobiology. We used pyrolysis-gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to analyze chemically disparate samples, including living cells, geologically processed fossil organic material, carbon-rich meteorites, and laboratory-synthesized organic compounds and mixtures. Data from each sample were employed as training and test subsets for machine-learning methods, which resulted in a model that can identify the biogenicity of both contemporary and ancient geologically processed samples with ~90% accuracy...
October 10, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37748079/changes-in-parrot-diversity-after-human-arrival-to-the-caribbean
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica A Oswald, Brian Tilston Smith, Julie M Allen, Robert P Guralnick, David W Steadman, Michelle J LeFebvre
Humans did not arrive on most of the world's islands until relatively recently, making islands favorable places for disentangling the timing and magnitude of natural and anthropogenic impacts on species diversity and distributions. Here, we focus on Amazona parrots in the Caribbean, which have close relationships with humans (e.g., as pets as well as sources of meat and colorful feathers). Caribbean parrots also have substantial fossil and archaeological records that span the Holocene. We leverage this exemplary record to showcase how combining ancient and modern DNA, along with radiometric dating, can shed light on diversification and extinction dynamics and answer long-standing questions about the magnitude of human impacts in the region...
October 10, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37774097/local-extracellular-k-in-cortex-regulates-norepinephrine-levels-network-state-and-behavioral-output
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Grostøl Dietz, Pia Weikop, Natalie Hauglund, Mie Andersen, Nicolas Caesar Petersen, Laura Rose, Hajime Hirase, Maiken Nedergaard
Extracellular potassium concentration ([K+ ]e ) is known to increase as a function of arousal. [K+ ]e is also a potent modulator of transmitter release. Yet, it is not known whether [K+ ]e is involved in the neuromodulator release associated with behavioral transitions. We here show that manipulating [K+ ]e controls the local release of monoaminergic neuromodulators, including norepinephrine (NE), serotonin, and dopamine. Imposing a [K+ ]e increase is adequate to boost local NE levels, and conversely, lowering [K+ ]e can attenuate local NE...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37774096/anomalous-crystalline-ordering-of-particles-in-a-viscoelastic-fluid-under-high-shear
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sijie Sun, Nan Xue, Stefano Aime, Hyoungsoo Kim, Jizhou Tang, Gareth H McKinley, Howard A Stone, David A Weitz
Addition of particles to a viscoelastic suspension dramatically alters the properties of the mixture, particularly when it is sheared or otherwise processed. Shear-induced stretching of the polymers results in elastic stress that causes a substantial increase in measured viscosity with increasing shear, and an attractive interaction between particles, leading to their chaining. At even higher shear rates, the flow becomes unstable, even in the absence of particles. This instability makes it very difficult to determine the properties of a particle suspension...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37774095/multiomic-prediction-of-therapeutic-targets-for-human-diseases-associated-with-protein-phase-separation
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christine M Lim, Alicia González Díaz, Monika Fuxreiter, Frank W Pun, Alex Zhavoronkov, Michele Vendruscolo
The phenomenon of protein phase separation (PPS) underlies a wide range of cellular functions. Correspondingly, the dysregulation of the PPS process has been associated with numerous human diseases. To enable therapeutic interventions based on the regulation of this association, possible targets should be identified. For this purpose, we present an approach that combines the multiomic PandaOmics platform with the FuzDrop method to identify PPS-prone disease-associated proteins. Using this approach, we prioritize candidates with high PandaOmics and FuzDrop scores using a profiling method that accounts for a wide range of parameters relevant for disease mechanism and pharmacological intervention...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37769258/regulation-and-remodeling-of-microbial-symbiosis-in-insect-metamorphosis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sayumi Oishi, Minoru Moriyama, Masaki Mizutani, Ryo Futahashi, Takema Fukatsu
Many insects are dependent on microbial mutualists, which are often harbored in specialized symbiotic organs. Upon metamorphosis, insect organs are drastically reorganized. What mechanism regulates the remodeling of the symbiotic organ upon metamorphosis? How does it affect the microbial symbiont therein? Here, we addressed these fundamental issues of symbiosis by experimentally manipulating insect metamorphosis. The stinkbug Plautia stali possesses a midgut symbiotic organ wherein an essential bacterial symbiont resides...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37769257/circadian-ribosome-profiling-reveals-a-role-for-the-period2-upstream-open-reading-frame-in-sleep
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arthur Millius, Rikuhiro G Yamada, Hiroshi Fujishima, Kazuhiko Maeda, Daron M Standley, Kenta Sumiyama, Dimitri Perrin, Hiroki R Ueda
Many mammalian proteins have circadian cycles of production and degradation, and many of these rhythms are altered posttranscriptionally. We used ribosome profiling to examine posttranscriptional control of circadian rhythms by quantifying RNA translation in the liver over a 24-h period from circadian-entrained mice transferred to constant darkness conditions and by comparing ribosome binding levels to protein levels for 16 circadian proteins. We observed large differences in ribosome binding levels compared to protein levels, and we observed delays between peak ribosome binding and peak protein abundance...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37769256/human-like-scene-interpretation-by-a-guided-counterstream-processing
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shimon Ullman, Liav Assif, Alona Strugatski, Ben-Zion Vatashsky, Hila Levi, Aviv Netanyahu, Adam Yaari
In modeling vision, there has been a remarkable progress in recognizing a range of scene components, but the problem of analyzing full scenes, an ultimate goal of visual perception, is still largely open. To deal with complete scenes, recent work focused on the training of models for extracting the full graph-like structure of a scene. In contrast with scene graphs, humans' scene perception focuses on selected structures in the scene, starting with a limited interpretation and evolving sequentially in a goal-directed manner [G...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37769255/context-dependent-function-of-the-transcriptional-regulator-rap1-in-gene-silencing-and-activation-in-saccharomyces-cerevisiae
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eliana R Bondra, Jasper Rine
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, heterochromatin is formed through interactions between site-specific DNA-binding factors, including the transcriptional activator Repressor Activator Protein (Rap1), and Sir proteins. Despite an understanding of the establishment and maintenance of Sir-silenced chromatin, the mechanism of gene silencing by Sir proteins has remained a mystery. Utilizing high-resolution chromatin immunoprecipitation, we found that Rap1, the native activator of the bidirectional HML α promoter, bound its recognition sequence in silenced chromatin, and its binding was enhanced by the presence of Sir proteins...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37769254/the-competition-dynamics-of-approach-and-avoidance-motivations-following-interpersonal-transgression
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo Shen, Yang Chen, Zhewen He, Weijian Li, Hongbo Yu, Xiaolin Zhou
Two behavioral motivations coexist in transgressors following an interpersonal transgression-approaching and compensating the victim and avoiding the victim. Little is known about how these motivations arise, compete, and drive transgressors' decisions. The present study adopted a social interaction task to manipulate participants' (i.e., the transgressor) responsibility for another's (i.e., the victim) monetary loss and measure the participants' tradeoff between compensating the victim and avoiding face-to-face interactions with the victim...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756337/intrinsic-disorder-and-conformational-coexistence-in-auxin-coreceptors
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sigurd Ramans-Harborough, Arnout P Kalverda, Iain W Manfield, Gary S Thompson, Martin Kieffer, Veselina Uzunova, Mussa Quareshy, Justyna M Prusinska, Suruchi Roychoudhry, Ken-Ichiro Hayashi, Richard Napier, Charo Del Genio, Stefan Kepinski
AUXIN/INDOLE 3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) transcriptional repressor proteins and the TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESISTANT 1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB) proteins to which they bind act as auxin coreceptors. While the structure of TIR1 has been solved, structural characterization of the regions of the Aux/IAA protein responsible for auxin perception has been complicated by their predicted disorder. Here, we use NMR, CD and molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the N-terminal domains of the Aux/IAA protein IAA17/AXR3...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756336/nonreciprocal-interactions-give-rise-to-fast-cilium-synchronization-in-finite-systems
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David J Hickey, Ramin Golestanian, Andrej Vilfan
Motile cilia beat in an asymmetric fashion in order to propel the surrounding fluid. When many cilia are located on a surface, their beating can synchronize such that their phases form metachronal waves. Here, we computationally study a model where each cilium is represented as a spherical particle, moving along a tilted trajectory with a position-dependent active driving force and a position-dependent internal drag coefficient. The model thus takes into account all the essential broken symmetries of the ciliary beat...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756335/divergent-roles-for-stat4-in-shaping-differentiation-of-cytotoxic-ilc1-and-nk-cells-during-gut-inflammation
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gianluca Scarno, Julija Mazej, Mattia Laffranchi, Chiara Di Censo, Irene Mattiola, Arianna M Candelotti, Giuseppe Pietropaolo, Helena Stabile, Cinzia Fionda, Giovanna Peruzzi, Stephen R Brooks, Wanxia Li Tsai, Yohei Mikami, Giovanni Bernardini, Angela Gismondi, Silvano Sozzani, James P Di Santo, Christian A J Vosshenrich, Andreas Diefenbach, Massimo Gadina, Angela Santoni, Giuseppe Sciumè
Natural killer (NK) cells and type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) require signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) to elicit rapid effector responses and protect against pathogens. By combining genetic and transcriptomic approaches, we uncovered divergent roles for STAT4 in regulating effector differentiation of these functionally related cell types. Stat4 deletion in Ncr1 -expressing cells led to impaired NK cell terminal differentiation as well as to an unexpected increased generation of cytotoxic ILC1 during intestinal inflammation...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756334/externalized-histones-fuel-pulmonary-fibrosis-via-a-platelet-macrophage-circuit-of-tgf%C3%AE-1-and-il-27
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dennis R Riehl, Arjun Sharma, Julian Roewe, Florian Murke, Clemens Ruppert, Sabine A Eming, Tobias Bopp, Hartmut Kleinert, Markus P Radsak, Giuseppe Colucci, Saravanan Subramaniam, Christoph Reinhardt, Bernd Giebel, Immo Prinz, Andreas Guenther, Dennis Strand, Matthias Gunzer, Ari Waisman, Peter A Ward, Wolfram Ruf, Katrin Schäfer, Markus Bosmann
Externalized histones erupt from the nucleus as extracellular traps, are associated with several acute and chronic lung disorders, but their implications in the molecular pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease are incompletely defined. To investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of externalized histones within the immunologic networks of pulmonary fibrosis, we studied externalized histones in human and animal bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of lung fibrosis. Neutralizing anti-histone antibodies were administered in bleomycin-induced fibrosis of C57BL/6 J mice, and subsequent studies used conditional/constitutive knockout mouse strains for TGFβ and IL-27 signaling along with isolated platelets and cultured macrophages...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756333/english-is-the-go-to-language-of-science-but-students-often-do-better-when-taught-in-more-tongues
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy McDermott
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756332/bacterial-seal-domains-undergo-autoproteolysis-and-function-in-regulated-intramembrane-proteolysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna P Brogan, Cameron Habib, Samuel J Hobbs, Philip J Kranzusch, David Z Rudner
Gram-positive bacteria use SigI/RsgI-family sigma factor/anti-sigma factor pairs to sense and respond to cell wall defects and plant polysaccharides. In Bacillus subtilis, this signal transduction pathway involves regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of the membrane-anchored anti-sigma factor RsgI. However, unlike most RIP signaling pathways, site-1 cleavage of RsgI on the extracytoplasmic side of the membrane is constitutive and the cleavage products remain stably associated, preventing intramembrane proteolysis...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37751557/cooperation-and-cheating-orchestrate-vibrio-assemblages-and-polymicrobial-synergy-in-oysters-infected-with-oshv-1-virus
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Oyanedel, Arnaud Lagorce, Maxime Bruto, Philippe Haffner, Amandine Morot, Yannick Labreuche, Yann Dorant, Sébastien de La Forest Divonne, François Delavat, Nicolas Inguimbert, Caroline Montagnani, Benjamin Morga, Eve Toulza, Cristian Chaparro, Jean-Michel Escoubas, Yannick Gueguen, Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol, Julien de Lorgeril, Bruno Petton, Lionel Degremont, Delphine Tourbiez, Léa-Lou Pimparé, Marc Leroy, Océane Romatif, Juliette Pouzadoux, Guillaume Mitta, Frédérique Le Roux, Guillaume M Charrière, Marie-Agnès Travers, Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón
Polymicrobial infections threaten the health of humans and animals but remain understudied in natural systems. We recently described the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), a polymicrobial disease affecting oyster production worldwide. In the French Atlantic coast, the disease involves coinfection with ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and virulent Vibrio . However, it is unknown whether consistent Vibrio populations are associated with POMS in different regions, how Vibrio contribute to POMS, and how they interact with OsHV-1 during pathogenesis...
October 3, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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