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Journals International Journal of Occup...

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

https://read.qxmd.com/read/30451600/prevalence-and-risk-factors-of-musculoskeletal-disorders-among-farmers-involved-in-manual-farm-operations
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rahul Jain, M L Meena, G S Dangayach
The aim of the current investigation is to determine the risk factors affecting the musculoskeletal system of 100 manual working farmers of India. The information regarding prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. For evaluating the risk in operations, rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) techniques were used. The existence of various risk factors and their influence on the MSDs were found significant during crop cutting/harvesting and weeding operations...
November 19, 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30281405/chemical-use-in-the-semiconductor-manufacturing-industry
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sunju Kim, Chungsik Yoon, Seunghon Ham, Jihoon Park, Ohun Kwon, Donguk Park, Sangjun Choi, Seungwon Kim, Kwonchul Ha, Won Kim
BACKGROUND: The semiconductor industry is known to use a number of chemicals, but little is known about the exact chemicals used due to the ingredients being kept as a trade secret. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyze chemical use using a safety data sheet (SDS) and chemical inventory provided by a major semiconductor company, which operated two factories (A and B). METHODS: Descriptive statistics were obtained on the number of chemical products and ingredients, photoresists, and carcinogens, classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), as well as trade secret ingredients...
July 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30247095/bio-monitoring-of-dna-damage-in-matchstick-industry-workers-from-peshawar-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Khisroon, Ajmal Khan, Ubaid Ullah, Farrah Zaidi, Ahmadullah
BACKGROUND: Safety protocols are usually neglected in most of the matchstick industries rendering the laborer prone to various occupational hazards. OBJECTIVE: The present study highlights DNA damage among matchstick factory workers (n = 92) against a control group (n = 48) of healthy individuals. METHODS: Genotoxicity was measured in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the test subjects using a Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay (SCGE/comet assay)...
July 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30222069/impact-of-occupational-cadmium-exposure-on-bone-in-sewage-workers
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mona M Taha, Heba Mahdy-Abdallah, Eman M Shahy, Khadiga S Ibrahim, Safaa Elserougy
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the environmental risk factors for bone loss. The present study included 40 sewage workers occupationally exposed to Cd. Forty nonexposed men were included as a control group. Current smokers represented 65% and 47.5% of the exposed and control groups, respectively. The study aimed to investigate the hazard of occupational Cd exposure on bone health. This was achieved through measuring serum and urinary Cd, and calcium (Ca), in addition to serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) and estrogen receptor-α gene...
July 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30139311/resurgent-lead-poisoning-and-renewed-public-attention-towards-environmental-social-justice-issues-a-review-of-current-efforts-and-call-to-revitalize-primary-and-secondary-lead-poisoning-prevention-for-pregnant-women-lactating-mothers-and-children-within-the
#5
REVIEW
Lorenz S Neuwirth
The recent Colorado Gold King Mine waste-water spill and Michigan's water supply re-routing program catastrophe, has directed renewed public attention towards resurgent environmental lead contamination threats. Leaded environments present social justice issues for children and mothers possessing blood lead levels (BLLs) > 5 μg/dL. Childhood lead exposure remains a continual U.S. public health problem manifesting in lifelong adverse neuropsychological consequences. The 2007 Inspector General Report demonstrated low BLL screening rates across the U...
July 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30360686/a-meta-analysis-of-airborne-asbestos-fiber-concentrations-from-work-with-or-around-asbestos-containing-floor-tile
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angela L Perez, Mindy L Nelson, Thales J Cheng, Chris E Comerford, Paul K Scott
In this meta-analysis, exposures to airborne asbestos during work with or around floor tiles were characterized according to several variables: study, sample type, activity, and task. Personal breathing zone, bystander, and area sample exposure concentrations were differentiated and compared against current occupational exposure limits to asbestos. In total, 22 studies, including 804 personal, 57 bystander, and 295 area samples, were included in the analysis. The arithmetic mean airborne fiber concentrations were 0...
2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30281413/occupational-health-and-safety-in-cannabis-production-an-australian-perspective
#7
REVIEW
Maggie Davidson, Sue Reed, Jacques Oosthuizen, Greg O'Donnell, Pragna Gaur, Martyn Cross, Gary Dennis
The legal Australian cannabis industry has been rapidly expanding due to increased awareness of the plant's therapeutic potential, as well its diverse range of applications including biofuel, textiles, building materials, food, nutritional supplement, and animal feed. The objective of this paper is to describe the current landscape of the commercial Australian cannabis industry, summarise occupational health and safety (OHS) hazards in cannabis-related working environments, and provide suggestions for safeguarding worker health and well-being in this emerging industry...
2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30244664/using-leading-and-lagging-indicators-to-select-safe-contractors-at-the-prequalification-stage-of-construction-projects
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huakang Liang, Shoujian Zhang, Yikun Su
The contractor-selection decision at the prequalification stage is critical to the project success. An insufficient prediction of contractors' safety capacities using only lagging indicators may hinder the continuous improvement of safety performance in the construction industry. This research enhanced construction management and practices by proposing a comprehensive safe contractor selection model which integrated both leading and lagging indicators. First, a set of leading and lagging safety indicators were identified based on literature review and expert opinions...
January 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30222073/seropositivity-in-animals-and-risk-of-occupational-brucellosis-among-abattoirs-personnel-associated-with-poor-work-practices-and-absence-of-safety-policy-in-egypt
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amira M Zakaria, Salwa F Ahmed, Mohamed S Motawae
Background Occupational hazards are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among abattoirs personnel and animal workers. These hazards result from direct or indirect exposure to potential infection and several distressing events during routine procedures. Objectives To serologically investigate the potential occupational brucellosis hazard at Egyptian abattoirs. To provide an insight on the needed biosafety practices that should be implemented to mitigate the spread of occupational brucellosis among abattoir workers...
January 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30222068/heat-stress-in-rice-vermicelli-manufacturing-factories
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melvin Seng, Meishan Ye, Kenneth Choy, Sweet Far Ho
OBJECTIVE: This study provides an assessment of heat stress in indoor rice vermicelli manufacturing factories. METHODS: Worker interviews and heat stress assessments were conducted in food manufacturing factories in Singapore. The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and Heat Stress Index (HSI) were used as heat stress indicators. RESULTS: The highest WBGT and HSI levels recorded in the rice vermicelli manufacturing factories were 36.68°C and 3777 in the drying and steaming process respectively...
2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30156139/digging-deeper-into-the-shared-variance-among-safety-related-climates-the-need-for-a-general-safety-climate-measure
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Derek M Hutchinson, Stephanie A Andel, Paul E Spector
We combined three independent streams of workplace climate research, safety, violence prevention, and civility, to devise a general safety climate scale that explicitly addressed a variety of risks. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested that a higher-order factor may be responsible for the similarity in relationships across these safety-related climate measures with exposure to organizational hazards and resulting employee outcomes. As a result, a concise 10-item measure was developed and validated to assess a possible general safety climate factor...
January 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30156135/variations-in-perinatal-mortality-associated-with-different-polluting-fuel-types-and-kitchen-location-in-bangladesh
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Monjura Khatun Nisha, Ashraful Alam, Camille Raynes-Greenow
This study examines the association between household air pollution from use of polluting cooking fuels and perinatal mortality in Bangladesh. We analysed the data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014. The two outcome variables were stillbirth and early neonatal mortality. The exposure variable was type of primary cooking fuel used in the household (clean vs. polluting). Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to obtain the crude and adjusted odds ratio (aOR), respectively...
2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30146953/prevalence-of-musculoskeletal-disorders-among-indian-railway-sahayaks
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammed Rajik Khan, Nishant Kumar Singh
Railway sahayak or also known as coolie is one of the oldest occupations in India. This occupational group is continuously subjected to various musculoskeletal problems due to repetitive load exertion in unnatural postures. The present research aims to examine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among Indian railway sahayaks. A cross-sectional study has been conducted on a sample of 51 male sahayaks. With a modified Nordic questionnaire, data were collected on their demographics, work, and musculoskeletal pain history...
January 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30052165/a-cross-sectional-study-of-retrospectively-reported-seasonality-in-native-and-non-native-residents-of-chukotka-and-turkmenistan
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arcady A Putilov
Seasonality represents a response of human mood, physiology, and behavior to annual variations in natural and social environment. A strong seasonal response is expected in non-native than native residents of such regions as Turkmenistan that is characterized by high air temperature in summer and Chukotka that is characterized by high-amplitude annual variation in both air temperature and day length. Seasonality was retrospectively reported by 732 residents of these regions. Self-reports on sleep-wake traits and mental and physical health were analyzed as possible confounding variables...
January 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30047833/prevalence-and-correlates-of-psychological-stress-among-teachers-at-a-national-key-comprehensive-university-in-china
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenjun Li, Changgui Kou
The present study investigated the levels of stress and associated factors in university teachers to provide a foundation for exploring strategies for preventing teacher stress. We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a composite questionnaire with the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) as the core at a comprehensive university located in northeast China. The number of effective respondents was 603. The average K10 score was 22.87 ± 8.18, and the positive rate (K10 > 21) was 54.06%...
January 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29902943/preferred-sampler-inlet-configurations-for-collection-of-aerosolized-nano-scale-materials
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Jankovic, Tracy L Zontek, Megan Moore, Burton R Ogle, Scott Hollenbeck
BACKGROUND: Due to the lack of standard industrial hygiene sampling protocols for collection of nano-scale materials, sampling inlet device selection is left to individual researchers and professionals. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare nano-scale aspiration efficiency for common inlet configurations with that of an open-ended sampler tube that is a commonly used inlet for direct reading instruments such as a condensation particle counter. METHODS: A polydisperse aerosol was generated using an electric motor as the aerosol source...
January 2018: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30052162/influence-of-vitamin-intake-and-mthfr-polymorphism-on-the-levels-of-dna-damage-in-tobacco-farmers
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone P Fernandes, Katia Kvitko, Juliana da Silva, Paula Rohr, Eliane Bandinelli, Vivian F Kahl, Camila Mai, Nathália Brenner, Fernanda R da Silva
BACKGROUND: Genetic damage may occur spontaneously under normal metabolic circumstances, inadequate intake of nutrients, and excessive exposure to environmental mutagens. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of the intake of micronutrients vitamin B12 , vitamin B6 , and folate and of the polymorphism methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T on the induction of DNA damage in tobacco farmers. METHODS: The study involved 66 men and 44 women engaged in tobacco cultivation in the region of Venâncio Aires (Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil)...
October 2017: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29989485/analyzing-psychological-conditions-of-field-workers-in-the-construction-industry
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soram Lim, Seokho Chi, Joon Deuk Lee, Hoon-Jin Lee, Hyunjung Choi
The Korean construction industry has experienced poor labor productivity and high accident rates. Previous studies have reported that workers' mental health can cause negative impacts on work performance; thus, enhancing workers' psychological conditions would help achieve more productive and safer workplaces. This research aimed to understand the level of psychological conditions of construction field-workers using four categories: (1) stress (occupational stress and stress-coping style), (2) personal temperament, (3) emotional disturbance (depression and trait anxiety), and (4) drinking habits...
October 2017: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29924702/household-waste-and-health-risks-affecting-waste-pickers-and-the-environment-in-low-and-middle-income-countries
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jutta Gutberlet, Sayed Mohammad Nazim Uddin
Household waste has evolved into a core urban challenge, with increased quantities of waste being generated and with more complex material compositions, often containing toxic and hazardous elements. Critical systems theory understands cities as urban metabolisms, with different material and energy flows, highlighting the circularity in production, consumption, and discard. Waste pickers in low- and medium-income countries work on dumps and landfills, sifting through highly contaminated household waste and are exposed to health hazards...
October 2017: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29877780/estimating-infants-and-toddlers-inhalation-exposure-to-fragrance-ingredients-in-baby-personal-care-products
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiaqi Zhou, Neena K Tierney, Timothy J McCarthy, Kathleen G Black, Marta Hernandez, Clifford P Weisel
Fragrance ingredients are commonly added to many personal care products to provide a pleasant scent, including those intended for babies. While fragrance chemicals have a long history of safe use, at sufficiently high concentrations some may act as respiratory irritants or sensitizers. Little data have been reported on the inhalation exposures to fragrance compounds to infants and toddlers during bathing and lotion applications. This study demonstrates an in vitro method for measuring breathing zone air concentrations of fragrances from bath products and lotions...
October 2017: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health
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