Cell Transplantation

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests, with onset early in life. The prevalence of ASD has increased worldwide in the last two decades. However, there is currently no effective therapy for ASD. Therefore, it is important to develop new strategies for ASD treatment. Evidence for the relationship between ASD and neuroinflammation, ASD and microglia, and ASD and glucose metabolism has increased rapidly in recent decades...

Glaucoma including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) results from elevations in intraocular pressure (IOP). An eye-localized renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been implicated in IOP regulation, although its mechanism of action and contribution to glaucoma is poorly understood. Here, we detected significant increases in the levels of angiotensin II (ANGII) in aqueous humor samples from POAG patients. Moreover, we determined that the concentrations of ANGII were positively correlated with IOP, suggesting a role for elevated ANGII levels in eye pathogenesis...

The critical requirements in developing clinical-grade human-induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural precursors (hiPSCs-NPCs) are defined by expandability, genetic stability, predictable in vivo post-grafting differentiation, and acceptable safety profile. Here, we report on the use of manual-selection protocol for generating expandable and stable human NPCs from induced pluripotent stem cells. The hiPSCs were generated by the reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Sendai-virus (SeV) vector encoding Yamanaka factors...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

For ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) with limited therapeutic options, the induction of arteriogenesis has the potential to improve cardiac function through major restoration of blood flow. We hypothesized that transplantation of a Notch signaling-modified mesenchymal stem cell (SB623 cell) patch would induce angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in ischemic lesions, leading to improvement of left ventricular (LV) function in a rat ICM model. Two weeks after the induction of ischemia, SB623 cell patch transplantation into ICM rats (SB group, n = 10) or a sham operation (no-treatment group, n = 10) was performed...

Currently, there is a significant shortage of transplantable organs for patients in need. Interspecies chimerism and blastocyst complementation are alternatives for generating transplantable human organs in host animals such as pigs to meet this shortage. While successful interspecies chimerism and organ generation have been observed between evolutionarily close species such as rat and mouse, barriers still exist for more distant species pairs such as human-mouse, marmoset-mouse, human-pig, and others. One of the proposed barriers to chimerism is the difference in developmental stages between the donor cells and the host embryo at the time the cells are introduced into the host embryo...

Fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTEC) are thought to be the cell of origin of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. FTEC organoids can be used as research models for the disease. Nevertheless, culturing organoids requires a medium supplemented with several expensive growth factors. We proposed that a combined conditioned medium based on the composition of the fallopian tubes, including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells could enhance FTEC organoid formation. We derived two primary culture cell lines from the fimbria portion of the fallopian tubes...

The field of stem cell therapy is growing rapidly and hopes to offer an alternative solution to diseases that are historically treated medically or surgically. One such focus of research is the treatment of medically refractory epilepsy, which is traditionally approached from a surgical or interventional standpoint. Research shows that stem cell transplantation has potential to offer significant benefits to the epilepsy patient by reducing seizure frequency, intensity, and neurological deficits that often result from the condition...

The contribution of lymphocyte subset composition of the graft on the outcomes following haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (haploPBSCT) is not fully elucidated. We retrospectively analyzed 314 patients with hematological malignancies who underwent haploPBSCT from 2016 to 2020 in our center. We obtained a cutoff value of CD3+ T cell dose (2.96 × 108 /kg) that separated the risk of II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) and divided patients into the low CD3+ T cell dose group (CD3+ low) and the high CD3+ T cell dose (CD3+ high) group...

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA), resulting from pregnancy or nonpregnant uterine trauma, is one of the major causes of abnormal menstruation, infertility, or repeated pregnancy loss. Although a few methods, including hysteroscopy and hormone therapy, are routinely used for its diagnosis and treatment, they cannot restore tissue regeneration. Stem cells, which have self-renewal and tissue regeneration abilities, have been proposed as a promising therapy for patients with severe IUAs. In this review, we summarize the origin and features of endometrium-associated stem cells and their applications in the treatment of IUAs based on animal models and human clinical trials...

Maintaining the efficacy of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor modified (CAR) T-cell therapy in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is an urgent problem. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of donor hematopoietic stem cell infusion (DSI) therapy and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) therapy as a maintenance therapy after R/R B-ALL patients achieved CR in anti-CD19-CAR T-cell therapy but relapsed after allo-HSCT...

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have an effect on the occurrence and progression of a considerable number of diseases, especially cancer. Existing research has suggested that MAGI2 antisense RNA 3 (MAGI2-AS3) takes on a critical significance in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer. However, the functions of MAGI2-AS3 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remain unclear. In this study, MAGI2-AS3 expression level in LSCC tissue and cell lines was detected, and the effect of MAGI2-AS3 overexpressed on LSCC phenotypes and the possible influence mechanisms were examined...

Healing of full-thickness skin wounds remains a major challenge. Recently, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were shown to possess an extraordinary potential to promote skin repair in clinical settings. However, their low survival rate after transplantation limits their therapeutic efficiency in treating full-thickness skin wounds. Hydrogels are considered an ideal cell transplantation vector owing to their three-dimensional mesh structure, good biosafety, and biodegradation. The objective of this study was to investigate the skin wound healing effect of a fibrin hydrogel scaffold loaded with hUC-MSCs...

Organ transplantation has been linked to certain gene polymorphisms. The effect of gene polymorphisms-associated organ transplantation gene on infection, on the other hand, is yet unknown. The research studying the link between the CTLA-4 rs5742909, rs733618, rs4553808, rs231775, and polymorphisms of the organ transplantation gene and infection were found in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, and the published articles from 2012 to 2020 were gathered. For the best estimation of the intended results, a random-effects model was used in this meta-analysis...

Despite recent developments in the treatments for ischemic stroke, such as tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and thrombectomy, effective therapies for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain scarce. Stem cell therapies have attracted considerable attention owing to their potential neuro-regenerative ability; preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted to explore strategies for achieving functional recovery following ICH. In this review, we summarize the findings of preclinical studies on stem cell therapies of ICH, with a focus on different animal models, stem cell sources, transplantation methods, and their potential mechanisms of action...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic injury of the central nervous system. Because neurons are damaged and difficult to regenerate after SCI, its repair remains challenging. However, recent research on stem cell therapy have favored its use after SCI. In this study, based on the establishment of a mouse SCI model, human menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) were intrathecally injected to explore the role and molecular mechanism of MenSCs in SCI. MenSCs were transplanted following SCI in the animal model, and behavioral evaluations showed that MenSC transplantation improved functional recovery...

Bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) transplantation during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is an innovative treatment for ischemic heart disease (IHD). We conduct a meta-analysis to examine whether patients with IHD presenting heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) can be beneficent from CABG with additional BMSC transplantation. Electronic searches were performed on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from their inception to July 2021. The efficacy was based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVi), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVi), and 6-min walk test (6MWT) change after treatment...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic skeletal disease in the elderly. There is no effective therapy to reverse disease severity and knee OA (KOA) progression, particularly at the late stage. This study aims to examine the effect of peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) on pain and motor function rescue in patients with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade II to IV KOA. Participants received one intra-articular (IA) injection of autologous PBMNCs. The mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood, enriched by a specialized medium (MoFi medium), and separated by Ficoll-Paque solution...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease associated with impaired organ functions that can seriously affect the daily life of patients. Recent SLE therapies frequently elicit adverse reactions and side effects in patients, and clinical heterogeneity is considerable. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have anti-inflammatory, tissue repair, and immunomodulatory properties. Their ability to treat autoimmune diseases largely depends on secreted extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes...