Archives of Neurology

BACKGROUND New-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) is often attributed to degenerative changes in the hippocampus. However, the contribution of regionally distributed small vessel cerebrovascular disease, visualized as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether regional WMHs and hippocampal volume predict incident AD in an epidemiological study. DESIGN A longitudinal community-based epidemiological study of older adults from northern Manhattan, New York...

BACKGROUND Case reports of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are scarce, and the natural history is unclear. To our knowledge, a fulminant presentation has not yet been described. OBJECTIVE To describe a case of fulminant SSPE in an individual with a perinatally acquired HIV infection. DESIGN Case report and literature review. SETTING Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India. PATIENT A 17-year-old boy with a perinatally acquired HIV infection...

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OBJECTIVES: To describe a case and review literature for intracerebral hemorrhage caused by migraine. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. PATIENT: A 54-year-old truck driver with a 2-year history of atypical headaches. RESULTS: A 54-year-old right-handed truck driver was seen in consultation with a 2-year history of atypical headaches...

OBJECTIVE: To contrast differences in pain and treatment outcomes between neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS). DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional cohort study. SETTING: Academic MS center. PATIENTS: Complete ascertainment of an academic MS center cohort of NMO and an MS comparison sample cohort. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Current pain was quantified by a 10-point scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire...

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of 5 cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) biomarkers to differentiate between common dementia and parkinsonian disorders. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, clinic-based study. PARTICIPANTS: Cerebrospinal fluid samples (N=453) were obtained from healthy individuals serving as controls and from patients with Parkinson disease (PD), PD with dementia(PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Alzheimer disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy(PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), or corticobasal degeneration (CBD)...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, electrographic, and radiographic features of status epilepticus amauroticus, or homonymous hemianopsia associated with partial status epilepticus, in 3 patients w:h subsequent resolution of radiographic abnormalities and visual deficits. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center in Downey, California, and the Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Medical Center...