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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hayley A Scott, Shawn Hm Ng, Rebecca F McLoughlin, Sarah R Valkenborghs, Parameswaran Nair, Alexandra C Brown, Olivia R Carroll, Jay C Horvat, Lisa G Wood
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with more severe asthma, however, the mechanisms responsible are poorly understood. Obesity is also associated with low-grade systemic inflammation; it is possible that this inflammation extends to the airways of adults with asthma, contributing to worse asthma outcomes. Accordingly, the aim of this review was to examine whether obesity is associated with increased airway and systemic inflammation and adipokines, in adults with asthma. METHODS: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and Current Contents were searched till 11 August 2021...
March 22, 2023: Thorax
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Michael Ramsahai, Jodie L Simpson, Alistair Cook, Peter G Gibson, Vanessa McDonald, Christopher Grainge, Liam G Heaney, Peter Ab Wark
INTRODUCTION: Biomarkers are used to select biologic therapies for patients with severe asthma, but not to regularly adjust therapy, especially oral corticosteroids (OCS). OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to test the efficacy of an algorithm to guide the titration of OCS using blood eosinophil count and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS AND SETTING: This proof-of-concept prospective randomised controlled trial assigned adult participants with severe uncontrolled asthma (n=32) to biomarker-based management (BBM) where OCS dose was adjusted based on a composite biomarker score comprised of blood eosinophil count and FeNO, or a standard best practice (SBP) arm...
March 22, 2023: Thorax
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alex West, Nazia Chaudhuri, Adam Barczyk, Margaret L Wilsher, Peter Hopkins, Ian Glaspole, Tamera Jo Corte, Martina Šterclová, Antony Veale, Ewa Jassem, Marlies S Wijsenbeek, Christopher Grainge, Wojciech Piotrowski, Ganesh Raghu, Michele L Shaffer, Deepthi Nair, Lisa Freeman, Kelly Otto, A Bruce Montgomery
INTRODUCTION: Oral pirfenidone reduces lung function decline and mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Systemic exposure can have significant side effects, including nausea, rash, photosensitivity, weight loss and fatigue. Reduced doses may be suboptimal in slowing disease progression. METHODS: This phase 1b, randomised, open-label, dose-response trial at 25 sites in six countries (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) registration number ACTRN12618001838202) assessed safety, tolerability and efficacy of inhaled pirfenidone (AP01) in IPF...
March 22, 2023: Thorax
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EDITORIAL
Mamta Ruparel
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 21, 2023: Thorax
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janne Goossens, Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Sven F Seys, Ellen Dilissen, Tatjana Decaesteker, Camille Goossens, Koen Peers, Vincent Vanbelle, Jeroen Stappers, Sven Aertgeerts, Barbara De Wilde, Jasmine Leus, Sophie Verelst, Marc Raes, Lieven Dupont, Dominique M Bullens
RATIONALE: Participation in high-intensity exercise in early life might act as stressor to the airway barrier. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of intense exercise and associated exposure to air pollution on the airway barrier in adolescent elite athletes compared with healthy controls and to study exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in this population. METHODS: Early-career elite athletes attending 'Flemish-Elite-Sports-Schools' (12-18 years) of 4 different sport disciplines (n=90) and control subjects (n=25) were recruited...
March 16, 2023: Thorax
#6
EDITORIAL
Alicia Casey, Lawrence Nogee, Jennifer Wambach
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2, 2023: Thorax
#7
EDITORIAL
Richard Beasley, Pepa Bruce, Lee Hatter
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2, 2023: Thorax
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick Brian Murphy, Bernd Brueggenjuergen, Thomas Reinhold, Qing Gu, Laura Fusfeld, Gerard Criner, Thomas F Goss, Nicholas Hart
Home non-invasive mechanical ventilation (HMV) with home oxygen therapy (HOT) in patients with persistent hypercapnia following an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease delays hospital readmission. The economic impact of this treatment is unknown. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of HMV in the UK healthcare system using data from a previously published efficacy trial. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were computed from EQ-5D-5L. Accounting for all direct patient costs HOT-HMV was £512 (95%CI £36 to £990) more expensive per patient per year than HOT-alone...
February 23, 2023: Thorax
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tariq A Bhat, Suresh G Kalathil, Maciej L Goniewicz, Alan Hutson, Yasmin Thanavala
RATIONALE: Vaping has become a popular method of inhaling various psychoactive substances. While evaluating respiratory effects of vaping have primarily focused on nicotine-containing products, cannabidiol (CBD)-vaping is increasingly becoming popular. It currently remains unknown whether the health effects of vaping nicotine and cannabinoids are similar. OBJECTIVES: This study compares side by side the pulmonary effects of acute inhalation of vaporised CBD versus nicotine...
February 23, 2023: Thorax
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jason Powell, Steven Powell, Michael W Mather, Lauren Beck, Andrew Nelson, Pawel Palmowski, Andrew Porter, Jonathan Coxhead, Ann Hedley, Jonathan Scott, Anthony J Rostron, Thomas P Hellyer, Fatima Zaidi, Tracey Davey, James P Garnett, Rachel Agbeko, Chris Ward, Christopher J Stewart, Clifford C Taggart, Malcolm Brodlie, A John Simpson
BACKGROUND: Tracheostomies in children are associated with significant morbidity, poor quality of life, excess healthcare costs and excess mortality. The underlying mechanisms facilitating adverse respiratory outcomes in tracheostomised children are poorly understood. We aimed to characterise airway host defence in tracheostomised children using serial molecular analyses. METHODS: Tracheal aspirates, tracheal cytology brushings and nasal swabs were prospectively collected from children with a tracheostomy and controls...
February 20, 2023: Thorax
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Grau, Carme Lozano, Miguel Gallego
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 20, 2023: Thorax
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Shapanis, Mark G Jones, James Schofield, Paul Skipp
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating, progressive disease with a median survival time of 3-5 years. Diagnosis remains challenging and disease progression varies greatly, suggesting the possibility of distinct subphenotypes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed publicly available peripheral blood mononuclear cell expression datasets for 219 IPF, 411 asthma, 362 tuberculosis, 151 healthy, 92 HIV and 83 other disease samples, totalling 1318 patients...
February 20, 2023: Thorax
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wincy Wing Sze Ng, Kevin Chin, Sin Man Lam
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 20, 2023: Thorax
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Li, Elias Seidl, Katrin Knoflach, Florian Gothe, Maria Elisabeth Forstner, Katarzyna Michel, Ingo Pawlita, Florian Gesenhues, Franziska Sattler, Xiaohua Yang, Carolin Kroener, Simone Reu-Hofer, Julia Ley-Zaporozhan, Birgit Kammer, Ingrid Krüger-Stollfuß, Julien Dinkel, Julia Carlens, Martin Wetzke, Antonio Moreno-Galdó, Alba Torrent-Vernetta, Joanna Lange, Katarzyna Krenke, Nisreen Rumman, Sarah Mayell, Tugba Sismanlar, Ayse Aslan, Nicolas Regamey, Marijke Proesmans, Florian Stehling, Lutz Naehrlich, Kilinc Ayse, Sebastian Becker, Cordula Koerner-Rettberg, Erika Plattner, Effrosyni D Manali, Spyridon A Papiris, Ilaria Campo, Matthias Kappler, Nicolaus Schwerk, Matthias Griese
BACKGROUND: The majority of patients with childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) caused by pathogenic variants in ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 3 (ABCA3) develop severe respiratory insufficiency within their first year of life and succumb to disease if not lung transplanted. This register-based cohort study reviews patients with ABCA3 lung disease who survived beyond the age of 1 year. METHOD: Over a 21-year period, patients diagnosed as chILD due to ABCA3 deficiency were identified from the Kids Lung Register database...
February 20, 2023: Thorax
#15
EDITORIAL
Sheikh M Alif, Muhammad Aziz Rahman
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 20, 2023: Thorax
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saibin Wang, Junwei Tu
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 8, 2023: Thorax
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ping Wang, Zhilan Meng, Ruie Feng, Juhong Shi, Wenbing Xu
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 8, 2023: Thorax
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaojie Wang, Lan Chen, Miao Cai, Fei Tian, Hongtao Zou, Zhengmin Min Qian, Zilong Zhang, Haitao Li, Chongjian Wang, Steven W Howard, Yang Peng, Li'e Zhang, Elizabeth Bingheim, Hualiang Lin, Yunfeng Zou
BACKGROUND: No prior study has examined the effects of air pollution on the progression from healthy to chronic lung disease, subsequent chronic lung multimorbidity and further to death. METHODS: We used data from the UK Biobank of 265 506 adults free of chronic lung disease at recruitment. Chronic lung multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of at least two chronic lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer...
February 2, 2023: Thorax
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Cousins, Kylie Hart, Sarah J Kotecha, A John Henderson, W John Watkins, Andrew Bush, Sailesh Kotecha
INTRODUCTION: Although obstructive airway disease has been shown to be associated with prematurity, other spirometry phenotypes are less well described. OBJECTIVES: We characterised abnormal spirometry phenotypes in preterm-born children, including prematurity-associated obstructive lung disease (POLD, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 )<lower limit of normal (LLN), FEV1 /forced vital capacity (FVC)<LLN), prematurity-associated preserved ratio of impaired spirometry (pPRISm, FEV1 <LLN, FEV1 /FVC≥LLN) and prematurity-associated dysanapsis (pDysanapsis, FEV1 ≥LLN, FEV1 /FVC<LLN), and associated them with early life factors, bronchodilator responsiveness and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO )...
February 1, 2023: Thorax
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susan Muiser, Kai Imkamp, Dianne Seigers, Nynke J Halbersma, Judith M Vonk, Bart H D Luijk, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Jan-Willem van den Berg, Bart-Jan Kroesen, Janwillem W H Kocks, Irene H Heijink, Helen K Reddel, Huib A M Kerstjens, Maarten van den Berge
BACKGROUND: Maintenance and reliever therapy (MART) with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/formoterol effectively reduces exacerbations in asthma. We aimed to investigate its efficacy compared with fixed-dose fluticasone/salmeterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: Patients with COPD and ≥1 exacerbation in the previous 2 years were randomly assigned to open-label MART (Spiromax budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 µg 2 inhalations twice daily+1 prn) or fixed-dose therapy (Diskus fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination (FSC) 500/50 µg 1 inhalation twice daily+salbutamol 100 µg prn) for 1 year...
February 1, 2023: Thorax
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