Resuscitation

INTRODUCTION: Invasive monitoring of cerebral autoregulation using the pressure reactivity index (PRx) allows for the determination of optimal mean arterial pressure (MAPOPT ) in hypoxic ischaemic brain injury (HIBI) patients following cardiac arrest. However, the utility of non-invasive surrogates to determine MAPOPT has not been addressed. We aimed to determine the agreement between PRx-derived MAPOPT versus MAPOPT determined by the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based cerebral oximetry index (COx)...

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BACKGROUND: Although emergency medical service- (EMS-) witnessed out-of-hospital-cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a high survival rate and potential for prevention of progression to cardiac arrest, its characteristics and prodromal symptoms are not well known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and outcome of EMS-witnessed OHCA by focusing on its prodromal symptoms. METHODS: Population-based observational study was conducted for resuscitation-attempted EMS-witnessed adult OHCAs between 2012 and 2017...

AIM: We aimed to investigate whether the ability of the volumetric capnography-derived parameter, the volume of CO2 eliminated per minute and per kg body weight (V'CO2  kg-1 ), in monitoring the quality of CPR and predicting the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) remains undisturbed by hyperventilation. METHODS: This randomised crossover study included 12 male domestic pigs. After 4 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation, mechanical CPR was administered...

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AIMS: Singapore is highly-urbanized, with>90% of the population living in high-rise apartments. She has implemented several city-wide interventions such as dispatcher-assisted CPR, community CPR training and smartphone activation of volunteers to increase bystander CPR (BCPR) rates for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). These may have different impact on residential and non-residential OHCA. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics, processes-of-care and outcome differences between residential and non-residential OHCA and study the differences in temporal trends of BCPR rates...

BACKGROUND: ECG-monitoring is a strong predictor for 30-days survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). The aim of the study is to investigate factors influencing the effect of ECG-monitoring on 30-days survival after IHCA and elements of importance in everyday clinical practice regarding whether patients are ECG-monitored prior to IHCA. METHODS: In all, 19.225 adult IHCAs registered in the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (SRCR) were included...

AIM: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is frequently associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and has a high mortality. We aimed to identify differences in characteristics and very long-term outcomes for STEMI patients with and without OHCA managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: We analysed data from 12,637 PCI patient procedures for STEMI in the multi-centre Melbourne Interventional Group registry between January 2005 and December 2018...

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AIM: We compared the outcomes between patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest at private residences and public locations to investigate whether patient and bystander characteristics can explain the poorer outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests at private residences. METHODS: Adult patients with intrinsic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (n = 6,191, age ≥18 years) were selected from a prospectively collected Japanese database (January 2012 and March 2013)...

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AIMS: The TTM2-trial is a multi-centre randomised clinical trial where targeted temperature management (TTM) at 33 °C will be compared with normothermia and early treatment of fever (≥37.8°C) after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA). This paper presents the design and rationale of the TTM2-trial follow-up, where information on secondary and exploratory outcomes will be collected. We also present the explorative outcome analyses which will focus on neurocognitive function and societal participation in OHCA-survivors...

BACKGROUND: Female out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients have been reported to be less likely to receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bystanders compared with male patients in prehospital settings. However, no clinical studies have investigated gender disparities in the application of public-access automated external defibrillator (AED) pads among OHCA patients in public locations. METHODS: OHCA data from 2011 to 2018 were obtained from the OHCA registry in Osaka City, Japan and OHCAs that occurred in public locations were included...

BACKGROUND: There is a knowledge gap regarding aetiology of and potential for predicting out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) among individuals who are healthy before the event. AIM: To describe causes of OHCA and the potential for predicting OHCA in apparently healthy patients. METHODS: Patients were recruited from the Swedish Register of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation from November 2007 to January 2011. Inclusion criteria were: OHCA with attempted CPR but neither dispensed prescription medication nor hospital care two years before the event The register includes the majority of patients suffering OHCA in Sweden where cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was attempted...

INTRODUCTION: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) has shown promise in the management of cardiac arrest. The purpose of this study was to examine temporal trends and predictors of ECLS utilization and survival to discharge among inpatients with cardiac arrest in the United States. METHODS: All patients admitted after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and those who experienced in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) from 2005 to 2014 were identified in the National Inpatient Sample...

AIM: In this study, we investigate the impact of bystander relation and medical training on survival to hospital discharge in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients receiving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on non-traumatic OHCA patients receiving bystander CPR and Emergency Medical Service (EMS) attempted resuscitation from 2015 through 2017. Adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the association between related versus unrelated and layperson versus medically trained bystander CPR providers and survival to hospital discharge...

BACKGROUND: The prognosis for cardiac arrest (CA) is associated with the degree of cerebral ischemia. We investigated the relationship between the wavelet coherence of cerebral oxyhemoglobin (HbO2 ) among different channels and outcomes after CA. Moreover, we aimed to develop a prognostication method after CA. METHODS: Eighty-three post-resuscitation patients were included. The HbO2 data were collected during the post-resuscitation period (median day, 1) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy...

AIM: The Good Outcome Following Attempted Resuscitation (GO-FAR) score is useful for identifying patients post-arrest with very poor neurologic outcomes and may thus be utilized when counseling family members on do-not-attempt-resuscitation (DNAR) order. We validated the GO-FAR score for neurologically intact survival in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in an East Asian country in which DNAR order not common. METHODS: Retrospective study about patients who experienced IHCA from 2013 to 2017 with a primary outcome of neurologically intact survival, defined as a CPC score 1 or 2 at discharge...

AIM: Flow Disruptions (FDs) are deviations from the progression of care that compromise safety and efficiency of a specific process. The study aim was to identify the impact of FDs during neonatal resuscitation and determine their association with key process and outcome measures. METHODS: Prospective observational study of video recorded delivery room resuscitations of neonates <32 weeks gestational age. FDs were classified using an adaptation of Wiegmann's FD tool...