Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology

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BACKGROUND: Although many studies suggested the benefit of smoking cessation among pregnant women in reducing the risk of preterm birth (PTB), the timing of the effect of the cessation remains inconclusive. OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of trimester-specific smoking cessation behaviours with PTB risk. METHODS: We included 199,453 live births in Western New York between 2004 and 2018. Based on self-reported cigarette smoking during preconception and in each trimester, we created six mutually exclusive groups: non-smokers, quitters in each trimester, those who smoked throughout pregnancy, and inconsistent smokers...

BACKGROUND: No data exist at the population level on what tests are used to aid in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in community practice. OBJECTIVES: To describe autism spectrum disorder testing practices to inform autism spectrum disorder identification efforts. METHODS: Data are from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, a multi-site surveillance system reporting prevalence estimates and characteristics of 8-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder...

BACKGROUND: The 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-10) includes diagnosis codes for placenta accreta spectrum for the first time. These codes could enable valuable research and surveillance of placenta accreta spectrum, a life-threatening pregnancy complication that is increasing in incidence. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the validity of placenta accreta spectrum diagnosis codes that were introduced in ICD-10 and assess contributing factors to incorrect code assignments...

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding information stored within electronic health records (EHR) has recently been used for pharmacoepidemiological research, however the data are primarily collected for clinical care. OBJECTIVES: To characterise breastfeeding information recorded in structured fields in EHR during infant and postpartum health care visits, and to assess the validity of lactation status based on EHR data versus maternal report at research study visits. METHODS: We assessed breastfeeding information recorded in structured fields in EHR from one health system for a subset of 211 patients who were also enrolled in a study on breast milk composition between 2014 and 2017 that required participants to exclusively breastfeed their infants until at least 1 month of age...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Development of the gonads during fetal life is complex and vital for adult reproductive health. Cell and animal studies have shown an alarming effect of mild analgesics on germ cells in both males and females. More than 50% of pregnant women use mild analgesics during pregnancy, which potentially could compromise the reproductive health of the next generation. OBJECTIVES: We present a research protocol designed to evaluate the effect of prenatal exposure to mild analgesics and endocrine-disrupting chemicals on gonadal function in the offspring...

BACKGROUND: The Children's Assessing Imperial Valley Respiratory Health and the Environment (AIRE) study is a prospective cohort study of environmental influences on respiratory health in a rural, southeastern region of California (CA), which aims to longitudinally examine the contribution of a drying saline lake to adverse health impacts in children. OBJECTIVES: This cohort was established through a community-academic partnership with the goal of assessing the health effects of childhood exposures to wind-blown particulate matter (PM) and inform public health action...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Prior studies on maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) have focused only on a woman's first birth and have not accounted for successive affected pregnancies. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to identify mothers' risk of CVD mortality considering lifetime reproductive history. METHODS: We used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, and the Norwegian National Population Register to identify all mothers who gave birth from 1967 to 2020...

BACKGROUND: Reported rates of maternal mortality in the United States have been staggeringly high and increasing, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a chief contributor to such deaths. However, the impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) on the short-term risk of cardiovascular death is not well understood. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between HDP (chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia) and pregnancy-associated mortality rates (PMR) from all causes, CVD-related causes both at delivery and within 1 year following delivery...

BACKGROUND: Pre-existing health conditions increase the risk of obstetric complications during pregnancy and birth. However, the prevalence and recent changes in the frequency of pre-existing health conditions in the childbearing population remain unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the temporal changes in the prevalence of pre-existing health conditions among pregnant women in British Columbia, Canada. METHODS: We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study of 825,203 deliveries in BC between 2000 and 2019 and examined 17 categories of physical and psychiatric health conditions recorded within 5 years before childbirth...

BACKGROUND: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, access to prenatal care was lower among some socio-demographic groups. This pandemic caused disruptions to routine preventative care, which could have increased inequalities. OBJECTIVES: To investigate if the COVID-19 pandemic increased inequalities in access to prenatal care among those who are younger, live in rural areas, have a lower socio-economic situation (SES) and are recent immigrants. METHODS: We used linked administrative datasets from ICES to identify a population-based cohort of 455,245 deliveries in Ontario from January 2018 to December 2021...