Neurology

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the tau-binding radiotracer [18 F]flortaucipir and an accompanying visual read method to support the diagnostic process in cognitively impaired patients assessed for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies evaluating this visual read method are limited. Here, we evaluated the performance of the visual read method in participants along the AD continuum and dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) by determining its reliability, accordance with semi-quantitative analyses and associations with clinically relevant variables...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is used to monitor glial activation. Recent studies have proposed TSPO PET as a marker of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) in drug-resistant focal epilepsy (DRFE). This study aims to assess the contributions of TSPO imaging using [18 F]DPA-714 PET and [18 F]FDG PET for localizing the EZ during pre-surgical assessment of DRFE, when phase 1 pre-surgical assessment does not provide enough information...

Early exposure to analgesics and sedatives is a key concern for later learning disorders in children. The hippocampus, a key region for learning and memory, may be selectively impacted by exposure to benzodiazepines that are commonly used for sedation, particularly in the neonatal period. In this prospective cohort study, the long-term association of neonatal midazolam exposure, a widely used benzodiazepine in neonatal intensive care, with school-age hippocampal growth was assessed. Higher-order cognitive function in preterm-born children was assessed in relation to hippocampal volumes...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Anecdotal studies have reported the presence of anti-ganglioside antibodies in acute unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy (AUPV). This study aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and neurotologic findings of AUPV associated with anti-ganglioside antibodies. METHODS: Serum anti-gangliosides were measured in consecutive patients with AUPV according to the Bárány Society criteria during the acute and recovery phases, in a referral-based university hospital in South Korea from September 2019 to January 2023...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Movement disorders are underrecognized in the developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). There are now over 800 genes implicated in causing the DEEs; relatively few of these rare genetic diseases are known to be associated with movement disorders. We identified patients with genetic DEEs who had movement disorders, classified the nature of their movement disorders and asked whether specific patterns correlated with the underlying mechanism. METHODS: We classified the type of movement disorders associated with specific genetic DEEs in a large international cohort of patients and analysed whether specific patterns of movement disorders reflected the underlying biological dysfunction...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric morbidity is common after an MS diagnosis. However, little is known about psychiatric morbidity during the prodromal phase (before MS onset). OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence and relative burden of psychiatric morbidity in individuals with MS versus matched controls before MS onset. METHODS: Using linked administrative and clinical data from British Columbia, Canada, we identified MS cases via a validated algorithm or from neurologist-diagnosed MS clinic attendees...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: High disease activity and frequent therapy failure in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) make prognostic biomarkers urgently needed. We investigated whether serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels in treatment-naïve pediatric MS patients are associated with early disease severity and indicate treatment outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of patients seen in the Göttingen Center for MS in Childhood and Adolescence, Germany...

OBJECTIVE: To examine changes to the incidence, prevalence, age of onset and survival of patients diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in the Republic of Ireland over 25 years. METHODS: Incident and prevalent cases of ALS were estimated using the Irish population-based ALS Register, which has been in continuous operation since 1994. Incident cases were age standardized using the direct method and applied to three standard populations (Irish, European, and American)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Brain health is crucial to optimizing both the function and well-being of every person at each stage of life and is key to both individual and social progress. As a concept, brain health is complex and requires a multidisciplinary collaborative approach between many professional and public organizations to bring into effect meaningful change. Neurologists are uniquely positioned to serve as specialists in brain health and to advance the newly evolving field of preventive neurology, which aims to identify individuals at high risk of brain disorders and other neurologic conditions and offer strategies to mitigate disease emergence or progression...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The density of neurologists within a given geographic region varies greatly across the US. We aimed to measure patient travel distance and travel time to neurologist visits, across neurologic conditions and subspecialties. Our secondary goal was to identify factors associated with long-distance travel for neurologic care. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis using a 2018 Medicare sample of patients with at least one outpatient neurologist visit...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Bayesian analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can extend the value of trial data beyond interpretations based on conventional p-value-based binary cutoffs. We conducted an exploratory post-hoc Bayesian re-analysis of the minimally invasive surgery with thrombolysis for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) evacuation (MISTIE-3) trial and derived probabilities of potential intervention effect on functional and survival outcomes. METHODS: MISTIE-3 was a multicenter phase-3 RCT designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the MISTIE intervention...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the phenotype of a novel myalgic myopathy encountered in a Finnish family. METHODS: Four symptomatic and three asymptomatic individuals from two generations underwent clinical, neurophysiological, imaging, and muscle biopsy examinations. Targeted sequencing of all known myopathy genes was performed. RESULTS: A very rare CACNA1S gene variant c.2893G>C (p.E965Q) was identified in the family. The symptomatic patients presented with exercise-induced myalgia, cramping, muscle stiffness, fatigue, and, eventually, developed muscle weakness...